イネのリグニン生合成における4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase 及び 4-coumarate 3-hydroxylaseの役割

京都大学新制・課程博士博士(農学)甲第24670号農博第2553号新制||農||1099(附属図書館)学位論文||R5||N5451(農学部図書室)京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生命科学専攻(主査)教授 梅澤 俊明, 教授 矢﨑 一史, 教授 森 直樹学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Agricultural ScienceKyoto UniversityDGA

Optical-WiMAX Hybrid Networks

The emergence of bandwidth-intensive Internet services, such ascircuit-quality voice transfer and interactive video gaming, createa high demand for a very qualified next-generation access network.In addition to high bandwidth, these future access networks shouldalso provide improved network availability, flexibility, mobility,reliability, failure protection, quality of service (QoS) supportand cost-effective access. The integration between optical networksand Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) is apromising solution for future access networks. Accordingly, a fewdifferent architectures and MAC protocol components have recentlybeen proposed for the integration between the Ethernet PassiveOptical Network (EPON) and WiMAX. However, the proposedarchitectures contain several drawbacks. Moreover, the EPON-WiMAXhybrid does not yet contain a comprehensive Medium Access Control(MAC) protocol and a mechanism for Quality of Service (QoS) support.Finally, this work introduces the Resilient Packet Ring (RPR)standard, which aims to build high-performance metro edge and metrocore ring networks that interconnect multiple access networks. Theobjective of this thesis is to examine the integration of opticalstandards, such as RPR and EPON, with the WiMAX standard.Subsequently, this integration will be applied to the areas ofarchitecture and MAC Protocol as a promising solution for not onlyaccess networks but also for metro networks.The first part of the thesis examines the EPON-WiMAX integration asa solution for the access network. Specifically, the proposedsolution includes new EPON-WiMAX hybrid network architectures thatare suitable for both urban and rural environment requirements, andit also introduces a joint MAC protocol for these architectures. Theproposed architectures are reliable and provide extended networkcoverage; in particular, reliability is achieved by applying aprotection scheme to the most critical portion of the EPON part ofthe architecture. Additionally, the network coverage of thearchitecture is extended by inserting an intermediate networkbetween the front end and the backhaul network of the traditionalEPON-WiMAX architecture. Subsequently, we propose a comprehensivejoint MAC protocol for the proposed EPON-WiMAX architecture; thisprotocol provides a per-stream quality-of-service guarantee andimproves the network utilization. Also, the proposed joint MACprotocol includes an admission controller, a scheduler and abandwidth allocator.While the first part of the thesis strives to improve the hybridnetwork reliability through protection in the EPON part and extendthe network coverage through innovative methods, the second partattempts to maintain and enhance these objectives by adding areliable technology to the integrated network. Specifically, thissection examines the way in which the RPR network can be integratedwith the proposed EPON-WiMAX architecture to form an RPR-EPON-WiMAXhybrid network, which can be a solution for both access and metronetworks. The proposed architecture is reliable due to thedependability of the RPR standard and the protection mechanismemployed in the EPON network. Moreover, the architecture contains ahigh fault tolerance against node and connection failure. In thesecond part, the joint MAC protocol for the RPR-EPON-WiMAX hybridnetwork includes a multi-level dynamic bandwidth allocationalgorithm, a distributed admission control, a scheduler, and arouting algorithm. This MAC protocol aims to maximize the advantagesof the proposed architecture by distributing its functionalitiesover the parts of the architecture and jointly executing the partsof the MAC protocol

Application of the design strategy that is supported by lateral thinking techniques in product design

Lateral thinking methods have a key role in developing the designer's ability to deal with challenges and life situations in a more creative way. It gives him the power to produce original and unique ideas. Creativity is the process that lies behind every progress reached by human groups. It is also one of those processes that separate man from the rest of the creatures within the limits of what we know, as the existence of man is linked to that ability. The relationship between creativity and development is strong. The burden of community development and progress falls on the creators, bearing many difficulties and hardships. The industrial designer is responsible for the task of innovation, design and product development, with the help of tools, methods and methods of design (drawing, presentation and modeling techniques), which makes him constantly looking to develop his tools, and activate and enrich his creative abilities, which gives importance to scientific support for the industrial designer, by adding New methods that would support creativity in the industrial design process, which the industrial designer needs when joining the labor market in productive institutions, which highlights the importance of the issue of lateral thinking in the field of industrial design, so the research deals with how to take advantage of lateral thinking methods in the design process by applying a strategy The new design supported by these methods is in the process of designing a new product that depends on technology and helps in opening new and unfamiliar markets, then the result will be presented to clarify the feasibility of the new strategy in achieving creativity in the design and development of ideas and solutions that both the industrial designer and the industrial organization aspire to. This is in an effort to generalize and consolidate the concept and practice of lateral thinking among students and practitioners of industrial design to reach creative designs

Teachers\u27 views about the effectiveness of short visits on their instructional performances

Supervisors from the Central science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) Unit conduct unannounced classroom observations to ameliorate the quality of teaching and learning inside public STEM schools. After conducting several classroom visits, supervisors posited that teachers integrate instructional methodologies that reinforce low-order thinking skills and rote memorization of facts (World Bank, 2017). Thus, the aim of this quantitative study is to describe teachers’ views about the effectiveness of short visits on their instructional performances. Sixty-four teachers were conveniently selected from three public Egyptian STEM schools, located in Giza, Cairo, and Qalyubia governorates and were requested to complete a 5-point Likert survey, involving twenty statements, adapted from Kubicek’s Classroom Walkthrough Observation Process Model (2015). As a result, the data obtained from the research participants suggested that the short visits’ model has a positive effect on teachers’ instructional performances at one of the three schools. However, the short visits’ model has been perceived by STEM teachers at two schools to have a minimal impact on their instructional performances, since it lacks improvement plans, follow-ups, and resources. Last, recommendations for future research and implications for teachers were developed based on the study’s results

Synthesis and anti-tumor activities of new [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives

Condensation of 1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-amine with the appropriate sodium (E)-(2-oxocycloalkylidene)methanolate gave 7,8-dihydro-6H-cyclopenta[e][1,2,4]triazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine, 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]quinazoline, 7,8,9,10-tetra hydro-6H-cyclohepta[e][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine and 6,7,8,9,10,11-hexahydro cycloocta[e][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine. Structures of the newly synthesized compounds were elucidated via elemental analyses, spectral (IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 2D NMR), and X-ray single crystal diffraction data. These derivatives showed potent anti-tumor cytotoxic activity in vitro using different human cancer cell lines

Overlay Cognitive Radio Based on OFDM with Channel Estimation Issues

Cognitive radio (CR) has been proposed as a technology to improve the spectrum efficiency by giving an opportunistic access of the licensed-user spectra to unlicensed users. We consider an overlay CR consisting of a primary macro-cell and cognitive small cells of cooperative secondary base stations (SBS). We suggest studying a CR where an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing is used for both the primary users (PU) and the secondary users (SU). In order to cancel the interferences, a precoding is required at the SBS. Therefore, we first derive the interferences expression due to SU at the PU receiver. Then, zero forcing beamforming (ZFBF) is considered to cancel the interferences. However, applying ZFBF depends on the channels between the SBS and the PU. A channel estimation is hence necessary. For this purpose, we propose to approximate the channel by an autoregressive process (AR) and to consider the channel estimation issue by using a training sequence. The received signals, also called the observations, are considered to be disturbed by an additive white measurement noise. In that case, the AR parameters and the channel can be jointly estimated from the received noisy signal by using a recursive approach. Nevertheless, the corresponding state space representation of the system is non-linear. Then, we propose to carry out a complementary study by compare non-linear Kalman filter based approaches

Volume 1: The Challenge of Pluralism : Paradigms from Muslim Contexts

The volume discusses notions of pluralism and its specific relevance to Muslim societies. Current popular and academic discussions tend to make certain assumptions regarding Islam and its lack of compatibility with notions of pluralism. Some notable liberal thinkers have even argued that pluralism itself is inherently antithetical to Islam. These assumptions are challenged by discussing the broad spectrum of relevance and application of the notion of pluralism to modern day societies, examining securalism, multiculturalism, democracy, globalisation and the pivotal role of civil society.https://ecommons.aku.edu/uk_ismc_series_emc/1004/thumbnail.jp

Effect of intermittent voltage source converter faults on the overall performance of wind energy conversion system

The doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) is interfaced to the AC network through voltage source converters (VSCs) which are considered to be the core of the DFIG system. This paper investigates the impact of different intermittent VSC faults on the overall performance of a DFIG-based wind energy conversion system (WECS). The fault ride through capability of the DFIG under various VSC faults is also investigated. Faults such as open circuit and short circuit across the switches, when they occur within the grid side converter (GSC) and rotor side converter (RSC), are considered and compared in this paper. Short circuit and open circuit across the DC-link capacitor are also considered in this study as common VSC problems. Simulation results indicate that the short circuit faults have a severe impact on the overall performance of the DFIG, especially when they occur within the GSC. This is attributed to the fact that the GSC directly regulates the point of common coupling voltage. The open circuit faults have less impact on the performance of the DFIG-based WECS. A proper controller along with flexible AC transmission device should be available to compensate the required active and reactive power during these faults. A protection technique is necessary to detect these faults in advance to protect the VSC switches and the machine winding from any catastrophic failure