Phytochemical Investigation of Egyptian Spinach Leaves, a Potential Source for Antileukemic Metabolites: In Vitro and In Silico Study

Spinacia oleracea L., Amaranthaceae, leaves cultivated in Egypt demonstrated a potential antileukemic activity against the chronic myeloid leukemia, K562 cell line. Thus, the aim of this study is to carry out a phytochemical investigation of S. oleracea leaves as well as the isolation of its antileukemic phytoconstituents. Phytochemical investigation of S. oleracea leaves resulted in the isolation of seventeen known compounds. The biological study revealed that compounds hexaprenol, phytol, and 18-[(1-oxohexadecyl) oxy]-9-octadecenoic acid exhibited a remarkable antiproliferative activity against K562 cells in vitro. A mechanistic in silico study showed that hexaprenol, phytol, and 18-[(1-oxohexadecyl) oxy]-9-octadecenoic acid exhibited a strong binding affinity towards topoisomerase (docking score −12.50, −9.19, and −13.29 kcal/mol, respectively), and showed as well a strong binding affinity towards Abl kinase (docking score −11.91, −9.35, and −12.59 kcal/mol, respectively). Molecular dynamics study revealed that 18-[(1-oxohexadecyl) oxy]-9-octadecenoic acid produced stable complexes with both topoisomerase and Abl kinase with RMSD values of 1.81 and 1.85 Å, respectively. As a result of our findings, we recommend more in vivo and preclinical studies to confirm the potential benefit of spinach leaves for chronic myeloid leukemia patients. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Abl Kinase Inhibitors from Egyptian Spinach Leaves in the Treatment of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Presenter: Ospanov Meirambekhttps://egrove.olemiss.edu/pharm_annual_posters_2021/1013/thumbnail.jp

Attenuation of Smad, Wnt and E2F Signaling by Egyptian Riverhemp Triterpenes in Leukemia Cells

Presenter: Ospanov Meirambekhttps://egrove.olemiss.edu/pharm_annual_posters_2021/1012/thumbnail.jp

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Heavy metals assessment in Egyptian smokers with lung cancer

Background Smoking and heavy metals are major risk factors and have an important role in development of lung cancer. Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between development of lung cancer and the synergistic effect of smoking and heavy metals in Egyptian smokers. Patients and methods A total of 41 participants enrolled in this study and were subdivided into three groups: smokers with lung cancer (n=11), nonsmokers with lung cancer (n=15), and apparently healthy smokers (n=15). The diagnosis and types of lung cancer based on pathological examination of biopsies taken either by computed tomography-guided, ultrasound-guided, fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB), and blind or thoracoscopic pleural biopsy. Serum levels of five heavy metals (zinc, lead, nickel, manganese, chromium) were assayed using inductive plasma spectrometry. Results Squamous cell carcinoma represents the major type of lung cancer (72.7%) among group of smokers with lung cancer; however, adenocarcinoma either primary or metastatic represents the major type (93.4%) among the nonsmoker group, and all investigated heavy metals in this study (zinc, lead, nickel, manganese, chromium) express significantly higher mean value of their serum levels (P=0.005, 0.005, 0.006, <0.001, and 0.007, respectively) in case of squamous cell carcinoma compared with adenocarcinoma. There is no impact of the degree of severity of smoking on serum levels of all investigated heavy metals. Conclusion Squamous cell carcinoma has been strongly associated with higher serum levels of all investigated heavy metals. There is no association between degree of severity of smoking and serum levels of all investigated heavy metals

2D interactions of verbascoside and oleuropein with helicase.

2D interactions of verbascoside and oleuropein with helicase.</p

Docking scores (kcal/mol.) of olive leaves compounds against selected targets of SARS-CoV-2.

Docking scores (kcal/mol.) of olive leaves compounds against selected targets of SARS-CoV-2.</p

2D interactions of verbascoside and luteolin-7-O-glucoside with Pl^pro.

2D interactions of verbascoside and luteolin-7-O-glucoside with Plpro.</p

2D interactions of verbascoside and luteolin-7-<i>O</i>-glucoside with RdRp.

2D interactions of verbascoside and luteolin-7-O-glucoside with RdRp.</p