Weight loss improves biomarkers endothelial function and systemic inflammation in obese postmenopausal Saudi women.

Background: Although postmenopausal associated disorders are important public health problems worldwide, to date limited studies evaluated the endothelial function and systemic inflammation response to weight loss in obese postmenopausal women. Objective: This study was done to evaluate the endothelial function and systemic inflammation response to weight loss in obese postmenopausal Saudi women. Material and methods: Eighty postmenopausal obese Saudi women (mean age 52.64\ub16.13 year) participated in two groups: Group (A) received aerobic exercise on treadmill and diet whereas, group (B) received no intervention. Markers of inflammation and endothelial function were measured before and after 3 months at the end of the study. Results: The values of body mass index(BMI), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-\u3b1), C-reactive protein (CRP), inter-cellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor- 1 activity (PAI-1:Ac) were significantly decreased in group (A), while changes were not significant in group (B). Also, there were significant differences between mean levels of the investigated parameters in group (A) and group (B) after treatment. Conclusion: Weight loss ameliorates inflammatory cytokines and markers of endothelial function in obese postmenopausal Saudi women

Impact of weight reduction program on serum alanine aminotransferase activity and immunologic response in obese hepatitis B patients.

Background: Globally, chronic B viral hepatitis (HBV) is a major health problem. Obesity is a common problem among patients with HBV. Several studies have reported that obesity is an important risk factor that alters immune system response in individuals with no underlying cause of liver disease. However, there is a strong association between BMI and the human immune system among HBV patients. Objective: This study was to examine the correlation between body mass index, serum alanine aminotransferase activity (ALT) and immunologic response in obese hepatitis B patients. Material and methods: One hundred fifty male patients with chronic hepatitis B virus, their age ranged from 30 to 45 (38.64 \ub1 7.12) years and their BMI ranged from 30-35 kg/m2. All Subjects were included in two groups: The first group received weight reduction program in the form of treadmill aerobic exercises in addition to diet control whereas the second group received no therapeutic intervention. Parameters of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), CD3, CD4 and CD8 were quantified; Leukocyte, differential counts and body mass index (BMI) were measured before and after 3 months at the end of the study. Results: There was a 24.7%, 36.8%, 30.8%, 40.7%, 28.6%, 25.9%, 33.3% and 14.3 % reduction in mean values of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), white blood cells, total neutrophil count, monocytes, CD3, CD4 ,CD8 and BMI respectively in group (A) at the end of the study. In addition, there were significant differences between mean levels of the investigated parameters in groups. Conclusion: Based on our findings, weight loss modulates serum alanine aminotransferase and immune system parameters of patients with hepatitis B virus infection

Impact of Mild versus Moderate Intensity Aerobic Walking Exercise Training on Markers of Bone Metabolism and Hand Grip Strength in Moderate Hemophilic A Patients

Background: Patients with hemophilia A have low bone density than healthy controls. It is now widely recognized that physical activity and sports are beneficial for patients with hemophilia. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of mild and moderate intensity treadmill walking exercises on markers of bone metabolism and hand grip strength in male patients with moderate hemophilia A. Material and Methods: Fifty male patients with moderate hemophilia, their age ranged from 25 to 45 years. The subjects were randomly assigned into 2 equal groups; the first group (A) received moderate intensity aerobic exercise training. The second group (B) received mild intensity aerobic exercise training. Results: There was a 32.1% and 24.8% increase in mean values of Serum Calcium and Hand grip strength respectively and 22.7 % reduction in mean values of parathyroid hormone in moderate exercise training group (A). While, There was a 15.1 % and 15 % increase in mean values of Serum Calcium and Hand grip strength respectively and 10.3 % reduction in mean values of parathyroid hormone in mild exercise training group(B). The mean values of Serum Calcium and Hand grip strength were significantly increased, while the mean values of parathyroid hormone were significantly decreased in both groups .Also, there were significant differences between mean levels of the investigated parameters in group (A) and group (B) after treatment. Conclusion: Moderate intensity aerobic exercise training on treadmill is appropriate to improve markers of bone metabolism and hand grip strength in male patients with hemophilia A.Keywords: Aerobic exercise, Markers of Bone Metabolism, Hand Grip Strength, HemophiliaAfrican Health sciences Vol 14 No. 1 March 201

Aerobic Exercise Training Improves Cardiopulmonary Fitness Among Firefighters

Aim: Firefighters experience short bursts of extreme physical and psychological stress punctuating long periods of tedium. For short intervals, the physical demands of firefighting may approach the limits of human capacity, so there is a need to find the most appropriate type of exercise training that achieve the best cardiopulmonary fitness in firefighters that enables them to do their work. The purpose of this study was to determine changes in cardiopulmonary fitness after aerobic and anaerobic exercise training in firefighters. Method: Forty firefighter workers who practiced their job for no less than fifteen years were enrolled in this study, their age ranged from 32 to 41 years. Participants were included into 2 equal groups; group (A) received aerobic treadmill walking exercise training for 3 months, at a frequency of 4 sessions per week. The second group (B) received anaerobic exercise training for 3 months, at a frequency of 2 sessions per week. Measurements of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), minute ventilation (VE) and Maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) obtained for both groups before and after the exercise program. Result: The mean SBP, DBP and HR values were significantly decreased, where the mean VE and VO2max values were significantly increased in group (A) after training. The mean SBP, DBP and HR values were not significant statistically and the mean VE and VO2max values were significantly increased in group (B) after training. There were significant differences between mean levels of SBP, DBP ,HR and VE in group (A) and group (B) after training, where there was no significant difference between mean levels of VO2max in group (A) and group (B) after training. Conclusion: Aerobic exercise training is the most appropriate type of exercise training that achieves the best cardiopulmonary fitness in firefighters that enables them to do their work

Impact of Mild versus Moderate Intensity Aerobic Walking Exercise Training on Markers of Bone Metabolism and Hand Grip Strength in Moderate Hemophilic A Patients.

Background: Patients with hemophilia A have low bone density than healthy controls. It is now widely recognized that physical activity and sports are beneficial for patients with hemophilia. Objective: To compare the effects of mild and moderate intensity treadmill walking exercises on markers of bone metabolism and hand grip strength in male patients with moderate hemophilia A. Material and Methods: Fifty male patients with moderate hemophilia, and age range from 25 to 45 years. The subjects were randomly assigned into 2 equal groups; the first group (A) received moderate intensity aerobic exercise training. The second group (B) received mild intensity aerobic exercise training. Results: There was a 32.1% and 24.8% increase in mean values of serum calcium and hand grip strength respectively and 22.7 % reduction in mean values of parathyroid hormone in moderate exercise training group (A). While there was a 15.1 % and 15 % increase in mean values of Serum Calcium and Hand grip strength respectively and 10.3 % reduction in mean values of parathyroid hormone in mild exercise training group(B). The mean values of serum calcium and hand grip strength were significantly increased, while the mean values of parathyroid hormone were significantly decreased in both groups . There were significant differences between mean levels of the investigated parameters in group (A) and group (B) after treatment. Conclusion: Moderate intensity aerobic exercise training on treadmill is appropriate to improve markers of bone metabolism and hand grip strength in male patients with hemophilia A