EVALUATION OF PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SILVER NANOPARTICLE SYNTHESIZED IPOMOEA NIL AGAINST SELECTED PATHOGENS

ABSTRACTObjective: The objective of this study is to investigate a simple and feasible approach for the production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by using leafextract of Ipmoea nil and to evaluate its antibacterial activity.Methods: The AgNPs synthesized was characterized by a change in color and the absorption peaks by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The phytocompounds responsible for the reduction and capping of silver ions was known from Fourier transform infrared spectra and phytochemical analysis.The antibacterial effects of prepared aqueous AgNPs were detected against five types of pathogenic bacteria, including Gram-negative and Grampositivebacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Bacillius, Proteus, and Klebsilla pneumonia) using agar well diffusion method.Results: A peak absorption value between 400 and 450 nm and the color change of the extract from yellowish to red wine were corresponds tothe plasmon absorbance of AgNPs. On the other hand, aqueous extract of I. nil mediated AgNPs found to be effective against tested microorganisms(Salmonella, Bacillus, and Proteus) with inhibition zone in the range of 10-13 mm (20 μl and 10 μl) except E. coli and K. pneumonia. Furthermore,aqueous extract of I. nil leaves had no ability to suppress the growth of the tested microorganisms in the concentration of 10 μl. The control alsoproduced similar inhibition zones like AgNPs.Conclusions: Our findings indicated that green synthesized AgNPs mediated by I. nil leaf extract had an efficient anti-bactericidal activity against thebacterial species tested. Hence, further studies are needed to highlight its mechanism and application as an antibacterial agent.Keywords: Ipomoea nil, Silver nanoparticles, Antibacterial activity, Bacteria

PRAKARA YOGA (AGE WISE SCHEDULE OF IMMUNOMODULATORY DRUG COMBINATIONS) AND ITS EFFECT ON CHILDREN'S IMMUNITY

The term immunity is concerned with the state of being resistant or immune to foreign substances such as bacteria and other pathologic agents. The inborn resistance that is present even before first entry of a pathogen in to the host is termed as innate or natural immunity. Innate immune responses are non specific in nature. Vyadhikshamatwa as described in Ayurveda has two main arms; preventive and curative. In pediatric age group immune deficiency disorders remains the major sphere of concern. The cause can be either genetic or acquired by malnutrition and poor sanitary conditions. Ayurvedic has got a rich tradition of immune modulatory drugs viz., Swarnaprasa, Oushadhaprasas like Uramarunnu (Traditional Kerala practice), Prakaarayoga etc for boosting up innate immunity in children. Prakara yogas are formulations mentioned in Arogyarakshakalpadruma, an authentic Ayurvedic pediatric textbook, for preventing childhood illness and for boosting general immunity in children. They should be given as a schedule in different age groups periodically from birth up to12 years of age. Just as a fence that protects the house from various enemies, Prakara yogas protect the child from various ailments

हालोथूरियनों का जैवप्रौद्योगिकी महत्व

कृपया पूरा लेखा पढ

Unusual colour pattern among Holothuria scabra

Holothuria scabra commonly called sand fish, is one of the most commercially important and widely distributed holothurian species, chiefly distributed along Gulf of Mannar, Palk Bay and Andaman and Nicobar Islands along the Indian coast and is considered to be an ideal candidate for natural stock restoration programme

बेश द मेर और जीविकार्जन

कृपया पूरा लेख पढे

Reproductive aspects, larval and Juvenile rearing of Holothuria (Theelothuria) spinifera Theel

As in many Indo-Pacific countries, sea cucumbers form an important part of a mullispedes fishery in India. Beche-de-mer exported from India during the period 1992-2000, varied from 10.5 to 140 tonnes (t) and ranked first among the dried marine products. The beche-de-mer industry mainly depends on two spedes of Holothuria: H. scabra and H. spinifera. Beche-de-mer exports have declined from 70 t in 19%-1997 to 3.8 t in 2001. Due to overexploitation, the Ministry of Environment, Government of India, has banned both the fishing and export of sea cucumbers since June 2001

Aging brain: Prevention of oxidative stress by vitamin E and exercise

With aging, the brain undergoes neuronal loss in many areas. Although the loss of cells in the cerebral cortex, in particular the frontal cortex, has been recognized with aging, the influence of synaptic losses has a larger impact on cognitive decline. Much of the recent research on animals, as well as humans, has been aimed at slowing the cognitive decline through enrichment, and it has been found that the key factors are antioxidants and exercise. Several reports support the concept that regular supplementation of vitamin E and physical activity from as early as middle age can slow the cognitive decline observed during the later years. A few studies have also suggested that exercise is analogous to acetylcholine esterase inhibitors that are also used extensively to treat cognitive impairment and dementia in Alzheimer's disease. In addition, reports also support that vitamin E and exercise may act synergistically to overcome free radical injury and oxidative stress in the aging brain. ©2009 with author. Published by TheScientificWorld

केंद्रीय समुद्री मात्स्यिकी अनुसंधान संस्थान का टुटिकोरिन अनुसंधान केंद्र

केंद्रीय समुद्री मात्स्यिकी अनुसंधान संस्थान का टुटिकोरिन अनुसंधान केंद्

Effect of feed concentrations on larval growth, survival and development of Holothuria ( Theelothuria) spinifera Thee1

The results of the study to standardize the larval feeding regime, for the mass production of sea cucumber juveniles through hatchery system are presented.' Auricularia larvae after 48 hours of fertilization obtained from the induced spawning of Holothuria spinifera were used for the experiment to ascertain the effect of feed concentration on larval quality, growth, survival and development. The flagellate Isochrysis galbana at O,1,2,4,and 8 x 04cells/ml were provided as the feed for a period of ten days. The growth rate of the larvae was more or less similar in 1 x lo4 and 2 x lo4 cells/ml. However the percentage of survival, rate of stomach growth, percentage of late auricularia developed and the occurrence of normal symmetrical shape indicated that 2 x 104cells/ml as the optimum larval feed concentration for the species