BIOGASPRODUKTION IM ÖKOLOGISCHEN LANDBAU – CHANCEN UND HERAUSFORDERUNGEN AUS BETRIEBSWIRTSCHAFTLICHER SICHT –

Viele ökologisch wirtschaftende Betriebe sehen in der Biogaserzeugung Chancen für positive Einkommenseffekte. Kritische Stimmen weisen aber auch auf die Probleme hin, die eine wirtschaftlich sinnvolle Biogasproduktion in Frage stellen. Analysen zur Wirtschaftlichkeit zeigen, dass der Betriebszweig Biogas positive Kapitalrenditen erwirtschaften kann, jedoch sehr sensitiv auf Änderungen der Rahmenbedingungen reagiert und mit einem hohen Risiko verbunden ist. Im Ökolandbau gibt es spezifische fördernde und hemmende Argumente gegenüber der Biogaserzeugung, sie ist aber auch im Ökolandbau realisierbar. Pro und Contra decken eine weite Spanne von Argumenten ab. Die elektrische Leistung neuer Anlagen ist unwesentlich geringer als in konventionellen Biogasanlagen. Die Rohstoffbasis sind häufig organische Dünger, NaWaRo werden zunehmend eingesetzt. Innerbetriebliche Leistungen sind ein wichtiges Element und müssen sachgerecht in die Kosten-Leistungsrechnung integriert werden. Wärmenutzungskonzepte für externen Wärmeverkauf und angepasste Anlagetypen sind zu entwickeln

Strukturen landwirtschaftlicher Biogasproduktion im ökologischen Landbau in Deutschland

The relevance of biogas on organic farms is increasing. To analyse the structures, development and importance of biogas production in the organic sector, telephone-based and face-to-face interviews have been carried out on more than 80 plant managers. Today at least 120 biogas plants with an electrical power of 15-20 MWel are installed. Since 2005 the number of biogas plants has increased by about 1/3, the electrical power by about 64%. Most of the plants are located on forage cropping farms, but at currently more and more so-called biogas farms have come into existence. The main reasons for acquiring biogas – beside generation income from electricity sales - are positive effects on crop production, upgrading of organic fertilis-ers and a sensible use of grass/clover and grassland. The acquisition of substrates and the use of maize have a great importance in organic farming

Einsatz konventionell erzeugter Kosubstrate zur Biogasgewinnung im Öko-Landbau

This article determines type and amount of non-organic substrates used for biogas production on organic farms in Germany. Furthermore, it discusses determinants and problems of non-organic substrate use. Conventional substrate – mainly maize – is extensively used in larger biogas plants on farms without sufficient land area and/or low stocking rates per kWel. These overcapacities of organic biogas plants may represent maladjustment to external preconditions as a result of bad planning as well as carefully considered exploitations of business opportunities on the basis of external inputs. In order to reduce non-organic substrate use due to bad planning, on one hand biogas consulting services which account for the particular conditions of organic agriculture should be enhanced, on the other hand farmers need to seek independent advice before concluding an agreement with an engineering company

Konzepte und Strategien der Biogaserzeugung im Ökologischen Landbau – Ergebnisse des Bio-Biogas-Monitoring 2007

Biogas production is becoming increasingly important for organic farms. Based on an empirical study, designed as a census, the structure and specifics of organic biogas production were investigated. Today an estimated 150 organic biogas plants in Germany exist; this corresponds to 5% of all biogas plants. The number of plants has doubled since 2004 and the installed electric. power has increased six-fold. Mainly organic farms with long experience in organic farming have started biogas production. Most characteristic for organic biogas plants is first the intensive use of low-priced substrates like manure and grass-clover, but also maize silage is used. Secondly the average use of waste heat is very high and utilised in many different ways. Thirdly the internal benefits of biogas slurry are very important. This leads to higher field yields and better product quality of field crops

Status Quo der Ökologischen Bienenhaltung in Deutschland

There is currently an estimated 320 organic beekeepers in Germany. Until recently, there has been no scientific research conducted on the status of the sector. For this reason, an empirical study was designed to analyse the structure and specifics of organic beekeeping. 150 beekeepers are practicing apiculture as their main branch of production and keeping more than 25 bee hives. This corresponds to 3.3% of all professional beekeepers in Germany. The number of organic beekeepers and hives is on the rise, with many beekeepers seeing a great potential in the organic honey market. Of those practicing organic apiculture, 50% are planning to increase production over the next 3 years