Effects of Solar Panels on Electrical Networks

Today, the increasing use of solar energy contributes to the EU's energy policies. Increasing use of renewable energy sources reduces pollutant emissions, dependence on fossil fuels and improves air quality. Globally, installed photovoltaic capacity has reached 400 GW by the end of 2017, and is projected to reach 4,500 GW by 2050. In the context of this research, we would like to present a detailed presentation of the possibilities and effects of integrating solar systems into electricity networks. The integration of renewable energies into networks is of paramount importance to researchers because of current energy demand and the depletion of fossil fuel reserves and environmental impacts. In this study, we highlight the effects of solar network integration on both the solar system and the public utility service. We also report on the opportunities and impacts of integration in Hungary in connection with our research. Today, solar panels are the cornerstone of sustainable development

Effects of solar panels on electrical networks

Today, the increasing use of solar energy contributes to the EU's energy policies. Increasing use of renewable energy sources reduces pollutant emissions, dependence on fossil fuels and improves air quality. Globally, installed photovoltaic capacity has reached 400 GW by the end of 2017, and is projected to reach 4,500 GW by 2050. In the context of this research, we would like to present a detailed presentation of the possibilities and effects of integrating solar systems into electricity networks. The integration of renewable energies into networks is of paramount importance to researchers because of current energy demand and the depletion of fossil fuel reserves and environmental impacts. In this study, we highlight the effects of solar network integration on both the solar system and the public utility service. We also report on the opportunities and impacts of integration in Hungary in connection with our research. Today, solar panels are the cornerstone of sustainable development

Maximum Likelihood Analysis of Clusters of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays

We present a numerical code designed to conduct a likelihood analysis for clusters of nucleons above 10**19 eV originating from discrete astrophysical sources such as powerful radio galaxies, gamma-ray bursts or topological defects. The code simulates the propagation of nucleons in a large-scale magnetic field and constructs the likelihood of a given observed event cluster as a function of the average time delay due to deflection in the magnetic field, the source activity time scale, the total fluence of the source, and the power law index of the particle injection spectrum. Other parameters such as the coherence length and the power spectrum of the magnetic field are also considered. We apply it to the three pairs of events above 4X10**19 eV recently reported by the Akeno Giant Air Shower Array (AGASA) experiment, assuming that these pairs were caused by nucleon primaries which originated from a common source. Although current data are too sparse to fully constrain each of the parameters considered, and/or to discriminate models of the origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays, several tendencies are indicated. If the clustering suggested by AGASA is real, next generation experiments with their increased exposure should detect more than 10 particles per source over a few years and our method will put strong constraints on both the large-scale magnetic field parameters and the nature of these sources.Comment: 11 latex pages, 8 postscript figures included, uses revtex.sty in two-column format and epsf.sty. Submitted to Physical Review

Adam Smith’s Green Thumb and Malthus’ Three Horsemen: Cautionary tales from classical political economy

This essay identifies a contradiction between the flourishing interest in the environmental economics of the classical period and a lack of critical parsing of the works of its leading representatives. Its focus is the work of Adam Smith and Thomas Malthus. It offers a critical analysis of their contribution to environmental thought and surveys the work of their contemporary devotees. It scrutinizes Smith's contribution to what Karl Polanyi termed the "economistic fallacy," as well as his defenses of class hierarchy, the "growth imperative" and consumerism. It subjects to critical appraisal Malthus's enthusiasm for private property and the market system, and his opposition to market regulation. While Malthus's principal attraction to ecological economists lies in his having allegedly broadened the scope of economics, and in his narrative of scarcity, this article shows that he, in fact, narrowed the scope of the discipline and conceptualized scarcity in a reified and pseudo-scientific way

Mental Health Among Patients with non-Hodgkin Lymphoma:a Danish Nationwide Study of Psychotropic Drug Use in 8,750Patients and 43,750 Matched Comparators

Psychological distress following cancer diagnosis may lead to mental health complications including depression and anxiety. Non‐Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) include indolent and aggressive subtypes for which treatment and prognosis differ widely. Incident use of psychotropic drugs (PDs—antidepressants, antipsychotics, and anxiolytics) and its correlation to lymphoma types can give insights into the psychological distress these patients endure. In this prospective matched cohort study, we used nationwide population‐based registries to investigate the cumulative risk of PD use in NHL patients compared to a sex‐ and age‐matched cohort from the Danish background population. In addition, contact patterns to psychiatric departments and incident intentional self‐harm or completed suicide were explored. In total, 8750 NHL patients and 43 750 matched comparators were included (median age 68; male:female ratio 1.6). Median follow‐up was 7.1 years. Two‐year cumulative risk of PD use was higher in NHL patients (16.4%) as compared to the matched comparators (5.1%, p < .01); patients with aggressive NHL subtypes had the highest incidence. Prescription rates were higher in the first years after diagnosis but approached the rate of the matched population 5 years into survivorship in aggressive NHLs, whereas patients with indolent subtypes continued to be at higher risk. NHL patients had a slightly higher two‐year risk of suicide/intentional self‐harm (0.3%) as compared to the matched comparators (0.2%, p = .01). These results demonstrate that mental health complications among NHL patients are frequent. Routine assessment for symptoms of depression and anxiety should be consider as part of standard follow‐up of NHL patients

Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology with Gravitational Waves

Gravitational wave detectors are already operating at interesting sensitivity levels, and they have an upgrade path that should result in secure detections by 2014. We review the physics of gravitational waves, how they interact with detectors (bars and interferometers), and how these detectors operate. We study the most likely sources of gravitational waves and review the data analysis methods that are used to extract their signals from detector noise. Then we consider the consequences of gravitational wave detections and observations for physics, astrophysics, and cosmology.Comment: 137 pages, 16 figures, Published version <http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2009-2

A First Search for coincident Gravitational Waves and High Energy Neutrinos using LIGO, Virgo and ANTARES data from 2007

We present the results of the first search for gravitational wave bursts associated with high energy neutrinos. Together, these messengers could reveal new, hidden sources that are not observed by conventional photon astronomy, particularly at high energy. Our search uses neutrinos detected by the underwater neutrino telescope ANTARES in its 5 line configuration during the period January - September 2007, which coincided with the fifth and first science runs of LIGO and Virgo, respectively. The LIGO-Virgo data were analysed for candidate gravitational-wave signals coincident in time and direction with the neutrino events. No significant coincident events were observed. We place limits on the density of joint high energy neutrino - gravitational wave emission events in the local universe, and compare them with densities of merger and core-collapse events.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures, science summary page at http://www.ligo.org/science/Publication-S5LV_ANTARES/index.php. Public access area to figures, tables at https://dcc.ligo.org/cgi-bin/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=p120000

Interior Point Methods 25 Years Later

Interior point methods for optimization have been around for more than 25 years now. Their presence has shaken up the field of optimization. Interior point methods for linear and (convex) quadratic programming display several features which make them particularly attractive for very large scale optimization. Among the most impressive of them are their low-degree polynomial worst-case complexity and an unrivalled ability to deliver optimal solutions in an almost constant number of iterations which depends very little, if at all, on the problem dimension. Interior point methods are competitive when dealing with small problems of dimensions below one million constraints and variables and are beyond competition when applied to large problems of dimensions going into millions of constraints and variables. In this survey we will discuss several issues related to interior point methods including the proof of the worst-case complexity result, the reasons for their amazingly fast practi-cal convergence and the features responsible for their ability to solve very large problems. The ever-growing sizes of optimization problems impose new requirements on optimizatio

Computational analysis of the evolutionarily conserved Missing In Metastasis/Metastasis Suppressor 1 gene predicts novel interactions, regulatory regions and transcriptional control

Missing in Metastasis (MIM), or Metastasis Suppressor 1 (MTSS1), is a highly conserved protein, which links the plasma membrane to the actin cytoskeleton. MIM has been implicated in various cancers, however, its modes of action remain largely enigmatic. Here, we performed an extensive in silico characterisation of MIM to gain better understanding of its function. We detected previously unappreciated functional motifs including adaptor protein (AP) complex interaction site and a C-helix, pointing to a role in endocytosis and regulation of actin dynamics, respectively. We also identified new functional regions, characterised with phosphorylation sites or distinct hydrophilic properties. Strong negative selection during evolution, yielding high conservation of MIM, has been combined with positive selection at key sites. Interestingly, our analysis of intra-molecular co-evolution revealed potential regulatory hotspots that coincided with reduced potentially\ua0pathogenic polymorphisms. We explored databases for the mutations and expression levels of MIM in cancer. Experimentally, we focused on chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), where MIM showed high overall expression, however, downregulation on poor prognosis samples. Finally, we propose strong conservation of MTSS1 also on the transcriptional level and predict novel transcriptional regulators. Our data highlight important targets for future studies on the role of MIM in different tissues and cancers