A novel tool flow for increased routing configuration similarity in multi-mode circuits

A multi-mode circuit implements the functionality of a limited number of circuits, called modes, of which at any given time only one needs to be realised. Using run-time reconfiguration (RTR) of an FPGA, all the modes can be time-multiplexed on the same reconfigurable region, requiring only an area that can contain the biggest mode. Typically, conventional run-time reconfiguration techniques generate a configuration of the reconfigurable region for every mode separately. This results in configurations that are bit-wise very different. Thus, in this case, many bits need to be changed in the configuration memory to switch between modes, leading to long reconfiguration times. In this paper we present a novel tool flow that retains the placement of the conventional RTR flow, but uses TRoute, a reconfiguration-aware connection router, to implement the connections of all modes simultaneously. TRoute stimulates the sharing of routing resources between connections of different modes. This results in a significant increase in the similarity between the routing configurations of the modes. In the experimental results it is shown that the number of routing configuration bits that needs to be rewritten is reduced with a factor between 2 and 4 compared to conventional techniques

Minimum Average Deviance Estimation for Sufficient Dimension Reduction

Sufficient dimension reduction reduces the dimensionality of data while preserving relevant regression information. In this article, we develop Minimum Average Deviance Estimation (MADE) methodology for sufficient dimension reduction. It extends the Minimum Average Variance Estimation (MAVE) approach of Xia et al. (2002) from continuous responses to exponential family distributions to include Binomial and Poisson responses. Local likelihood regression is used to learn the form of the regression function from the data. The main parameter of interest is a dimension reduction subspace which projects the covariates to a lower dimension while preserving their relationship with the outcome. To estimate this parameter within its natural space, we consider an iterative algorithm where one step utilizes a Stiefel manifold optimizer. We empirically evaluate the performance of three prediction methods, two that are intrinsic to local likelihood estimation and one that is based on the Nadaraya-Watson estimator. Initial results show that, as expected, MADE can outperform MAVE when there is a departure from the assumption of additive errors

Social Media Usage of Higher Secondary School Students - A Pilot Study

In the context of the lock down due to Covid-19, usage of mobile phones has increased among the adolescents. Usage of mobile phones for educational purposes as well as for entertainment makes them more addicted to mobile phones and electronic gadgets. In this scenario, Nomophobia, that is fear towards the situation when there is no phone, has increased among the adolescent. In this study, investigators developed and standardized a Nomophobia rating scale (NPRS) to identify the addiction rate of Higher Secondary school students to mobile phones. NPRS applied to 82 Higher Secondary School students and the study shows that most of the students are prevalent to nomophobia. But the nomophobic rate do not depend on their locality, gender, course stream, but depend on management of school

Economic and Technical Analysis of Distributed Generation Connection: A Wind Farm Case Study

This study has been completed for the proposed construction of a wind farm to supply an industrial factory in the north east of the England. The study assessed the potential benefits of changing the operation philosophy of distribution network and embedded generation dealing with factory owner aspects, which are to reduce the electricity bills, reduce the interruption in the network, gain revenue by selling the electricity for the supply company and gain green certificate renewable obligation. The following study presents a comprehensive review of the critical factors and considerations analyzed for installing an embedded generation (Wind Farm) at the factory site. Furthermore, the feasibility study in this report includes factory site description and wind data, design study and wind farm sizing, and economic study

Supply Chain with Operational Research (OR) using Simulation: A Case Study Price of Oil and Production Fluctuation in Kingdom Saudi Arabia (KSA)

Present trends in fluctuations of oil price and production have an impact on supply chain (SC). The study concentrates on the computation on the impact on fluctuation of oil price and production in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The study is attractive and interesting because it uses stochastic simulation as the main and last resort of mathematical operational research (OR) technique and tracking signal. Excel was selected as the main candidate visual object event driven programming (VOEDP) for the computation. Keywords: Simulation, Stochastic simulation, Tracking signal, operational research (OR), Supply Chain

Vulnerability of the Drinking Water Resources of the Nabataeans of Petra – Jordan

This article deals with pollution/toxicology in an archaeological frame. Although the Nabataeans had created a highly sophisticated water supply system, the water sources feeding the system can, according to recent evaluations, be considered as highly vulnerable to human activities within the catchment area of these resources or even to sabotage actions. The natural water quality of the sources, even after recent urban and agricultural development, is still suitable for drinking purposes and there are no signs in these waters of components, which may cause chronic of acute poisoning. The recharge, flow and discharge analyses show that only a few weeks are required for the recharge water of the close vicinity (10-20km) to reach the spring discharge sites. The extended Nabateans civilization ended abruptly within two years 106-108 A.D. The Romans surrounded the Nabataean city and conquered its outskirts. They most probably could not enter the near-Petra area to control the springs of Wadi Musa; supplying Petra. But, it seems that the catchment areas of these springs were known to them as they were to the Nabataeans. Could the Roman have misused the vulnerability of these water sources? Had the high vulnerability of the spring waters of Petra and Wadi Musa been the weak point leading to the end of the Nabataean civilization? These questions are discussed in the article, recognizing the necessity of further analysis and evaluation of the whole water supply system for evidence of eventual poisoning of the supply water

Searching and Sorting Prioritization of Sets within Dodecagon of Company Departments using: Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Analysis

Dodecagram is a geometric mathematical polygon with twelve sets (sides, arrays) and twelve angles which are polymorphic, homomorphic, and orthogonal. The paper presents twelve sets (arrays of arrays, departments)  which represent typical departments of enterprise. The main purpose of the research is search and sort the sets (arrays) using one of the most popular operational research (OR) /decision science(DS)/management science (MS) tool known as Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Analysis. The connection within the twelve sets are represented using configuration of  abelian graph and complete graphs. The characteristic of abelian graph and complete graphs is that the connection (collection) is without sub optimization with each other (Hussain and Tembe, 2014). It is attractive and interesting to use searching and sorting algorithms because searching and sorting are the two most widely and thoroughly studied, researched, and applied analytic and stochastic mathematical computation topics across many disciplines. It further noteworthy to point out that there are several sorting and searching algorithms. One of the algorithm used in the paper is prioritization using visual programming language with AHP . Sorting and searching can be used specially for interface elements for listed or linked lists(array of arrays). All the set are interlocked via supply chain. The further purpose of this paper is bring analogy that Dodecagram sets are interconnected with supply chain(SC). Keywords: AHP, Dodecagon, Abelian , Supply Chain, Decision Science, Management Science, Analytics, sub optimization

The Relationship Between the Random Walk of the Returns of Financial Market Indices and Market Efficiency: an Analytical Study of the Indicators of a Sample of Arab Financial Markets

Purpose:  The aim of this article is to study focused through the sample that was selected for the Arab financial markets (Iraq, Kuwait, Dubai) on testing the behavior of the returns of the stock indices for the sample to verify whether they follow the random walk or not.   Theoretical framework: The concept of financial market indices and market efficiency was considered as a  complex multi-tiered system. theory of capital markets functioning were employed in the study.   Design/methodology/approach:  At the weak level, the research dealt with the returns of the daily market indices during the period from January 5/2021 to December 1, 2021.   Findings: through the use of three tests, which are to test the normal distribution of the studied observations using the test (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test), and the time-series stability test (Stationary), which is known as the unit root test through the use of the modified Dickey-Fuller Test, and the serial self-correlation test (Q-Stat) as part of the financial markets efficiency test.which means that the conscious investor can benefit from achieving extraordinary returns in those markets.   Research, Practical & Social implications: We suggest a future research agenda and highlight the contributions made to executive and financial market.   Originality/value:  The research concluded that the random movement hypothesis was accepted, and that the stock indices reflect all the historical information in the researched markets, and then the efficiency of the studied markets at the weak level.

Local status and power in area-based health improvement partnerships

This is the authors' PDF version of an article published in Health© 2014. The definitive version is available at http://hea.sagepub.comArea-based initiatives (ABIs) have formed an important part of public policy towards more socio-economically deprived areas in many countries. Co-ordinating service provision within and across sectors has been a common feature of these initiatives. Despite sustained policy interest in ABIs, little empirical work has explored relations between ABI providers and partnership development within this context remains under-theorised. This paper addresses both of these gaps by exploring partnerships as a social and developmental process, drawing on concepts from figurational sociology to explain how provider relations develop within an ABI. Qualitative methods were used to explore, prospectively, the development of an ABI targeted at a town in the north west of England. A central finding was that, although effective delivery of ABIs is premised on a high level of coordination between service providers, the pattern of interdependencies between providers limits the frequency and effectiveness of cooperation. In particular, the interdependency of ABI providers with others in their organisation (what is termed here ‘organisational pull’) constrained the ways in which they worked with providers outside of their own organisations. ‘Local’ status, which could be earned over time, enabled some providers to exert greater control over the way in which provider relations developed during the course of the initiative. These findings demonstrate how historically constituted social networks, within which all providers are embedded, shape partnership development. The theoretical insight developed here suggests a need for more realistic expectations among policy makers about how and to what extent provider partnerships can be managed. Keywords: partnership, collaboration, community services, area-based initiatives, organisational pull, figurational sociologyNational Health Service (NHS

Measles on the Rise: The importance of vaccination

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