Does a Nanowire Transistor Follow the Golden Ratio? A 2D Poisson-Schrödinger/3D Monte Carlo Simulation Study

In this work, we observed the signatures of isotropic charge distributions showing the same attributes as the golden ratio (Phi) described in art and architecture, we also present a simulation study of ultra-scaled n-type silicon nanowire transistors (NWT) for the 5nm CMOS application. Our results reveal that the amount of mobile charge in the channel is determined by the device geometry and could also be related to the golden ratio (Phi). We also established a link between the main device characteristics, such as a drive and leakage current, and cross-sectional shape and dimensions of the device. We discussed the correlation between the main Figure of Merit (FoM) and the device variability and reliability

Position-Dependent Performance in 5 nm Vertically Stacked Lateral Si Nanowires Transistors

In this work, we investigated the performance of vertically stacked lateral nanowires transistors (NWTs) considering the effects of series resistance. Also, we consider the vertical positions of the lateral nanowires in the stack and diameter variation of the lateral NWTs as new sources of process variability

Variability-Aware Simulations of 5 nm Vertically Stacked Lateral Si Nanowires Transistors

In this work, we present a simulation study of vertically stacked lateral nanowires transistors (NWTs) considering various sources of statistical variability. Our simulation approach is based on various simulations techniques to capture the complexity in such ultra-scaled device

Simulation study of vertically stacked lateral Si nanowires transistors for 5 nm CMOS applications

In this paper we present a simulation study of vertically stacked lateral nanowires transistors (NWTs), which may have applications at 5nm CMOS technology. Our simulation approach is based on a collection of simulation techniques to capture the complexity in such ultra-scaled devices. Initially, we used drift-diffusion methodology with activated Poisson-Schrodinger quantum corrections to accurately capture the quantum confinement in the cross-section of the device. Ensemble Monte Carlo simulations are used to accurately evaluate the drive current capturing the complexity of the carrier transport in the NWTs. We compared the current flow in single, double, and triple vertically stacked lateral NWTs with and without contact resistance. The results presented here suggest a consistent link between channel strain and device performance. Furthermore, we propose a device structure for the 5nm CMOS technology node that meets the required industry scaling projection. We also consider the interplay between various sources of statistical variability and reliability in this work

The mediating effect of perceived behavioural control on the relationship between zakat law enforcement and intention to pay zakat

This paper aims to propose a conceptual framework for examining the influence of mediating effect of perceived behavioural control on the relationship between zakat law enforcement and intention to pay zakat among Muslim in State of Kano, Nigeria. An extensive literature review method was utilized to identify and analyse relevant literatures in order to propose the conceptual framework. This paper proposed framework to show those relationship. Theoretical and practical implications of the paper as well as suggestions for future research were also discussed

Modelling and simulation of advanced semiconductor devices

This paper presents a modelling and simulation study of advanced semiconductor devices. Different Technology Computer Aided Design approaches and models, used in nowadays research are described here. Our discussions are based on numerous theoretical approaches starting from first principle methods and continuing with discussions based on more well stablished methods such as Drift-Diffusion, Monte Carlo and Non-Equilibrium Green’s Function formalism

Awareness and attitude of primary school teachers in Kano metropolis, Nigeria towards pupils with learning disabilities, how effective is the school health programme?

Teachers have central role in identification and management of children with learning disabilities. Objectives: Ten years after drafting the national guidelines for implementation of school health programme in Nigeria, this study assessed awareness and attitude of primary school teachers in Kano metropolis towards children with learning disabilities as proxy for the effectiveness of school health programme. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to study a random sample of 186 primary school teachers in Kano. Data was collected with the aid of a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire, and analyzed using IBM SPSSStatistics for Windows, version 22. Result: The mean age of the teachers was 32.8 ± 7.8 years. Majority had post-secondary school education 170(91.9%) and had worked for an average of 7.5 ± 6.8 years. About half 98(53.0%) were aware of a link between lack of academic progression in children and some probable medical condition(s), but none of them knew the characteristics of learning disabilities. About one-quarter of the teachers 52(28.1%) had negative attitude towards pupils with learning disability. Teaching in a large class was the only factor that emerged as the independent predictor of the teachers' positive attitude towardsstudents with learning disabilities. Conclusion: Majority of the teachers had positive attitude towards pupils with learning disabilities but none of them could identify the features of such children. Ministries of health and education should work closely with development partners and interested researchers to resuscitate the school health programme

Performance of Vertically Stacked Horizontal Si Nanowires Transistors: A 3D Monte Carlo / 2D Poisson Schrodinger Simulation Study

In this paper we present a simulation study of 5nm vertically stacked lateral nanowires transistor (NWTs). The study is based on calibration of drift-diffusion results against a Poisson-Schrodinger simulations for density-gradient quantum corrections, and against ensemble Monte Carlo simulations to calibrate carrier transport. As a result of these calibrated results, we have established a link between channel strain and the device performance. Additionally, we have compared the current flow in a single, double and triple vertically stacked lateral NWTs

Vanillin rich fraction regulates LDLR and HMGCR gene expression in HepG2 cells.

Vanillin and its analogs have been exploited for their various health benefits. This work aimed to investigate the antioxidant properties and regulatory effects of vanillin rich fraction (VRF) extracted from vanilla pods using the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and commercial vanillin on low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) gene expression in HepG2 cells. The vanillin content in the VRF was 2.6% (w/w) obtained at a temperature of 80 °C and a pressure of 600 bar. The VRF exhibited better antioxidant activity compared to the vanillin in DPPH and BCB tests. LDLR mRNA level was increased significantly by 2, 3 and 1.3 fold in the VRF treated cells at 100, 200 and vanillin treated cells at 100, respectively, compared with untreated cells. On the other hand, the HMGCR mRNA level was decreased significantly by 14, 58 and 13% respectively, in the VRF treated cells at 100, 200 and V treated cells at 100, respectively, compared with untreated cells. The VRF showed potential antioxidant activity and regulated genes involved in cholesterol metabolism including LDLR and HMGCR in dose-dependent manner