Peroxisomes in intestinal and gallbladder epithelial cells of the stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus L. (Teleostei)

The occurrence of microbodies in the epithelial cells of the intestine and gallbladder of the stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus L., is described. In the intestine the organelles are predominantly located in the apical and perinuclear zone of the cells and may contain small crystalline cores. In gallbladder epithelial cells the microbodies are distributed randomly. The latter organdies are characterized by the presence of large crystalloids. Cytochemical and biochemical experiments show that catalase and D-amino acid oxidase are main matrix components of the microbodies in both the intestinal and gallbladder epithelia. These organelles therefore are considered peroxisomes. In addition, in intestinal mucosa but not in gallbladder epithelium a low activity of palmitoyl CoA oxidase was detected biochemically. Urate oxidase and L-α hydroxy acid oxidase activities could not be demonstrated.

Y chromosomal and sex effects on the behavioral stress response in the defensive burying test in wild house mice

Genetically selected short attack latency (SAL) and long attack latency (LAL) male wild house mice behave differently in the defensive burying test. When challenged, SAL males respond actively with more time spent on defensive burying, whereas LAL males are more passive with more time remaining immobile. The first aim of this study was to find out whether the nonpairing part of the Y chromosome (Y(NPAR)) affects the behavioral stress response in this paradigm. Second, to determine if the differential behavioral profile found in males is also present in females, SAL and LAL females were tested. Third, nonattacking and attacking LAL males were compared. Five behavioral elements were recorded: defensive burying, immobility, rearing, grooming, and exploration. Males were first tested for attack latency. The results show that the Y(NPAR) influences defensive burying. However, the size of this effect is overshadowed by the background of the mice. Furthermore, although females differed from males, they tended to demonstrate the same behavioral profile as males. Nongenetic factors may also play a role, as attacking LAL males showed more defensive burying than nonattacking LAL males. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc.</p

Employment Relationships in Terms of Wage Costs Optimization

Bakalářská práce se zaměřuje na problematiku pracovněprávních vztahů. V teoretické části jsou vymezeny základní pojmy pracovněprávních vztahů, které jsou dále využity v analytické části této práce. Analytická část se zabývá odměňováním zaměstnanců u konkrétního zaměstnavatele při nově zavedeném benefitu, který má za cíl zvýšit pravidelnou docházku zaměstnanců. Vyhodnocuje účinnost zavedeného opatření a obsahuje návrhy na zlepšení do budoucna.The Bachelor thesis focuses on the issue of labor relations. In the theoretical part are defined basic terms of labor relations, which are further applied in the analytical part of this thesis. The analytical part deals with the benefit for employees at the particular employer, when employer implemented new bonus, which its goal is to increase employee attendance system. Evaluated efficiency this established solution and includes suggestions for improvement in the future.