Concordância entre diagnósticos dermatológicos obtidos por consulta presencial e por análise de imagens digitais Agreement between dermatological diagnoses made by live examination compared to analysis of digital images

FUNDAMENTOS: A teledermatologia, pouco utilizada no Brasil e com iniciativas incipientes no Amazonas, necessita de estudos para demonstrar sua factibilidade e eficácia. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a eficácia de um método assíncrono de teledermatologia, utilizando recursos tecnológicos simples e de baixo custo. MÉTODOS: Cento e setenta e quatro pacientes foram examinados por quatro dermatologistas; dois efetuaram diagnóstico presencial (A1 e A2) e dois por meio de imagens das lesões e história clínica (B1 e B2). Foi investigada a concordância entre as avaliações presenciais e por imagens. RESULTADOS: A concordância do diagnóstico principal entre os examinadores presenciais (A1 e A2) foi de 83,3% e entre os de imagens (B1 e B2), de 81%. A concordância entre o diagnóstico principal estabelecido pelo método presencial e o obtido por meio de imagens variou de 78,2% a 83,9%. CONCLUSÃO: O diagnóstico de doenças dermatológicas realizado por imagens digitais demonstrou concordância ótima quando comparado àquele realizado com a presença física do paciente.<br>BACKGROUND: Teledermatology is seldom used in Brazil, although some incipient initiatives have been implemented in the state of Amazonas. Further studies are still required to confirm the feasibility and efficacy of this diagnostic tool. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of an asynchronous method of teledermatology using simple, inexpensive technological resources. METHODS: One hundred and seventy-four patients were examined by four dermatologists, two clinic-based dermatologists, who diagnosed the patients following live examination (A1 and A2), and two consultant specialists in image dermatology, who reached diagnoses by examining images of the lesions and the patients' clinical histories (B1 and B2). The agreement between live examination and examination of images was evaluated. RESULTS: Agreement between the two live examiners (A1 and A2) with respect to the principal diagnosis was 83.3% compared to 81.0% between the physicians who diagnosed by examining images (B1 and B2). Agreement between the principal diagnosis established by live examination and that obtained from examining images ranged from 78.2% to 83.9%, CONCLUSION: Agreement between diagnoses of dermatological diseases reached following examination of digital images and those reached following live examination of the patient was excellent

Discovery of a Novel Dual Fungal CYP51/Human 5-Lipoxygenase Inhibitor: Implications for Anti-Fungal Therapy

We report the discovery of a novel dual inhibitor targeting fungal sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51 or Erg11) and human 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) with improved potency against 5-LOX due to its reduction of the iron center by its phenylenediamine core. A series of potent 5-LOX inhibitors containing a phenylenediamine core, were synthesized that exhibit nanomolar potency and >30-fold selectivity against the LOX paralogs, platelet-type 12-human lipoxygenase, reticulocyte 15-human lipoxygenase type-1, and epithelial 15-human lipoxygenase type-2, and >100-fold selectivity against ovine cyclooxygenase-1 and human cyclooxygnease-2. The phenylenediamine core was then translated into the structure of ketoconazole, a highly effective anti-fungal medication for seborrheic dermatitis, to generate a novel compound, ketaminazole. Ketaminazole was found to be a potent dual inhibitor against human 5-LOX (IC50 = 700 nM) and CYP51 (IC50 = 43 nM) in vitro. It was tested in whole blood and found to down-regulate LTB4 synthesis, displaying 45% inhibition at 10 µM. In addition, ketaminazole selectively inhibited yeast CYP51 relative to human CYP51 by 17-fold, which is greater selectivity than that of ketoconazole and could confer a therapeutic advantage. This novel dual anti-fungal/anti-inflammatory inhibitor could potentially have therapeutic uses against fungal infections that have an anti-inflammatory componen