Factors associated with suicidal attempts in Iran: A systematic review

Context: Suicide prevention is a health service priority. Some surveys have assessed suicidal behaviors and potential risk factors. Objectives: The current paper aimed to gather information about etiology of suicide attempts in Iran. Data Sources: Pubmed, ISI web of science, PsychInfo, IranPsych, IranMedex, IranDoc as well as gray literature were searched. Study Selection: By electronic and gray literature search, 128 articles were enrolled in this paper. Pubmed, ISI web of science, PsychInfo, IranPsych, IranMedex, IranDoc were searched for electronic search. After reading the abstracts, 84 studies were excluded and full texts of 44 articles were reviewed critically. Data Extraction: Pubmed, ISI web of science, PsychInfo, IranPsych, IranMedex, IranDoc as well as gray literature were searched to find any study about etiologic factors of suicide attempt in Iran. Results: Depressive disorder was the most common diagnosis in suicide attempters that is 45 of the evaluated cases had depression. One study that had used Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI) found that Histrionics in females and Schizophrenia and Paranoia in males were significantly influential. Family conflicts with 50.7 and conflict with parents with 44 were two effective psychosocial factors in suicidal attempts. In around one fourth (28.7) of the cases, conflict with spouse was the main etiologic factor. Conclusions: According to the methodological limitations, outcomes should be generalized cautiously. Further studies will help to plan preventive strategies for suicidal attempts; therefore, continued researches should be conducted to fill the data gaps. © 2016, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences

Investigating the efficiency of piezoelectric wind energy harvesting in leaf-stalk structures

In this paper, piezoelectric wind energy harvesting with leaf stalk structures is classified and the performance of each structure with different configurations is investigated. In this research, the main purpose is comparing these harvesters in terms of their structures and determining the best configuration for each environment. In other researches, energy harvesting systems have also been investigated based on the type of fluid-structure interaction or type of piezoelectric materials; however, this study investigated leaf-stalk structures in which wind energy has been the main source of energy harvesting. Although the electrical power harvested from wind energy by piezoelectric materials is by no means comparable to the power of wind turbines, these harvesters are very low-cost, small, silent, and clean and used as a replacement for batteries that become chemical waste after use. In large numbers, they can be used for low-power consumption in commercial, sports or leisure centers. By examining the design parameters that improve the performance of leaf-stalk structure, it is found that in addition to load resistance and wind speed range, leaf and stalk geometry, their configuration, and distance between two systems and the presence or absence of veins affect the frequency of the flutter and consequently the performance of the energy harvesting system. In general, among different geometric shapes, triangle leaves have had the best performance. On the other hand, if the support base is jointed, it also has a positive effect on the performance of the system. Leaves with veins produce more output power than leaves without veins. Among the leaves with veins, the Pinant leaves will increase the efficiency of the system. Due to the wind speed constraints, the dimensions, and costs, one cannot determine the best system, but the best one can be identified for the specific conditions