Удосконалення ресурсозабезпечення при відновленні будівель з використанням Artificial Intelligence

In construction, modern technologies are becoming a key factor in achieving resource conservation and improving efficiency. The application of artificial intelligence not only reduces resource consumption but also creates opportunities for optimizing the design processes and organizing construction production. Monitoring systems for the construction process, along with the implementation of advanced IT technologies in the construction industry, contribute to increased accuracy and speed of work execution. This innovative approach to construction not only promotes resource conservation but also creates essential conditions for the sustainable development of the industry. In the construction industry, where a traditional approach prevails, the implementation of artificial intelligence poses a challenge due to the absence of prior practice. As this technology is cutting-edge, a detailed study and practical testing are necessary to elucidate its potential advantages in the construction process. In the future, with the advancement of the industry, the use of artificial intelligence in construction could become a key factor in improving resource conservation, calendar planning, optimizing processes, and refining project management strategies. The purpose of this article is to develop an understanding of the impact of artificial intelligence on calendar planning and its potential application in post-conflict city rebuilding. In contemporary times, artificial intelligence is becoming an increasingly crucial tool in various fields, including project management, industry, and the economic components of post-crisis situations. Its high potential can contribute to addressing issues related to the reconstruction of cities affected by conflicts. Intelligent algorithms can effectively analyze and optimize calendar plans, considering various factors such as available resources, residents' needs, infrastructure, and more. This will enable the development of precise and efficient recovery strategies, ensuring optimal resource utilization and maximum social impact.В будівництві сучасні технології стають ключовим чинником для досягнення ресурсозбереження та підвищення ефективності. Застосування штучного інтелекту дозволяє не лише зменшити витрати ресурсів, але й створює можливості для оптимізації процесів проектування та організації будівельного виробництва. Системи моніторингу будівельного процесу, а також впровадження сучасних IT-технологій в будівельну галузь сприяють підвищенню точності та швидкості виконання робіт. Такий новітній підхід до будівництва не лише сприяє збереженню ресурсів, але і створює життєво важливі умови для сталого розвитку галузі. У галузі будівництва, де переважає традиційний підхід, впровадження штучного інтелекту стає викликом через відсутність попередньої практики. Оскільки ця технологія є новітньою, необхідно провести детальне дослідження та практичні випробування для з'ясування її потенційних переваг у будівельному процесі. В майбутньому, з розвитком індустрії, використання штучного інтелекту в галузі будівництва може стати ключовим фактором у вдосконаленні ресурсозбереження, календарного планування, оптимізації процесів та вдосконаленні стратегій управління будівельними проектами. Мета цієї статті полягає в розвитку розуміння впливу штучного інтелекту на календарне планування та можливість його використання під час відновлення міст. У наш час штучний інтелект стає все більш важливим інструментом у різних сферах, включаючи управління проєктами, промисловість, економічна складова посткризових ситуацій. Його високий потенціал може зробити внесок у вирішення проблем, пов'язаних із відбудовою міст, які постраждали від бойових подій. Інтелектуальні алгоритми можуть ефективно аналізувати та оптимізувати календарні плани, враховуючи різноманітні фактори, такі як наявні ресурси, потреби мешканців, інфраструктура тощо. Це дозволить розробляти точні та ефективні стратегії відновлення, забезпечуючи оптимальне використання ресурсів та максимальний соціальний вплив

Maxwell equations in matrix form, squaring procedure, separating the variables, and structure of electromagnetic solutions

The Riemann -- Silberstein -- Majorana -- Oppenheimer approach to the Maxwell electrodynamics in vacuum is investigated within the matrix formalism. The matrix form of electrodynamics includes three real 4 \times 4 matrices. Within the squaring procedure we construct four formal solutions of the Maxwell equations on the base of scalar Klein -- Fock -- Gordon solutions. The problem of separating physical electromagnetic waves in the linear space \lambda_{0}\Psi^{0}+\lambda_{1}\Psi^{1}+\lambda_{2}\Psi^{2}+ lambda_{3}\Psi^{3} is investigated, several particular cases, plane waves and cylindrical waves, are considered in detail.Comment: 26 pages 16 International Seminar NCPC, May 19-22, 2009, Minsk, Belaru

Evidence Against Instanton Dominance of Topological Charge Fluctuations in QCD

The low-lying eigenmodes of the Dirac operator associated with typical gauge field configurations in QCD encode, among other low-energy properties, the physics behind the solution to the $U_A(1)$ problem (i.e. the origin of the $\eta'$ mass), the nature of spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking, and the physics of string-breaking, quark-antiquark pair production, and the OZI rule. Moreover, the space-time chiral structure of these eigenmodes reflects the space-time topological structure of the underlying gauge field. We present evidence from lattice QCD on the local chiral structure of low Dirac eigenmodes leading to the conclusion that topological charge fluctuations of the QCD vacuum are not instanton-dominated. The result supports Witten's arguments that topological charge is produced by confinement-related gauge fluctuations rather than instantons.Comment: 35 pages, 11 figure

Abelian Monopole and Center Vortex Views at the Multi-Instanton Gas

We consider full non-Abelian, Abelian and center projected lattice field configurations built up from random instanton gas configurations in the continuum. We study the instanton contribution to the $\bar{Q}Q$ force with respect to ({\it i}) instanton density dependence, ({\it ii}) Casimir scaling and ({\it iii}) whether various versions of Abelian dominance hold. We check that the dilute gas formulation for the interaction potential gives an reliable approximation only for densities small compared to the phenomenological value. We find that Casimir scaling does not hold, confirming earlier statements in the literature. We show that the lattice used to discretize the instanton gas configurations has to be sufficiently coarse ($a \approx 2\bar{\rho}$ compared with the instanton size $\bar{\rho}$) such that maximal Abelian gauge projection and center projection as well as the monopole gas contribution to the $\bar{Q}Q$ force reproduce the non-Abelian instanton-mediated force in the intermediate range of linear quasi-confinement. We demonstrate that monopole clustering also depends critically on the discretization scale confirming earlier findings based on monopole blocking.Comment: 21 pages, 22 Postscript figure

The first dozen years of the history of ITEP Theoretical Physics Laboratory

The theoretical investigations at ITEP in the years 1945-1958 are reviewed. There are exposed the most important theoretical results, obtained in the following branches of physics: 1) the theory of nuclear reactors on thermal neutrons; 2) the hydrogen bomb project ("Tube" in USSR and "Classical Super" in USA); 3) radiation theory; ~4) low temperature physics; 5) quantum electrodynamics and quantum field theories; 6) parity violation in weak interactions, the theory of $\beta$-decay and other weak processes; 7) strong interaction and nuclear physics. To the review are added the English translations of few papers, originally published in Russian, but unknown (or almost unknown) to Western readers.Comment: 55 pages, 5 fig

Light Quarks in the Instanton Vacuum at Finite Baryon Density

We consider the finite density, zero-temperature behaviour of quark matter in the instanton picture. Since the instanton-induced interactions are attractive in both $\bar{q}q$ and $qq$ channels, a competition ensues between phases of matter with condensation in either or both. It results in chiral symmetry restoration due to the onset of diquark condensation, a `colour supercondutor', at finite density. Also present is a state with both manners of condensation, however this phase is found to be thermodynamically disfavoured for equilibrium matter. Properties of quark matter in each phase are discussed, with emphasis on the microscopic effects of the effective mass and superconducting energy gap.Comment: 29 pages, 8 figures, LaTeX, minor typos correcte

Superstripes and complexity in high-temperature superconductors

While for many years the lattice, electronic and magnetic complexity of high-temperature superconductors (HTS) has been considered responsible for hindering the search of the mechanism of HTS now the complexity of HTS is proposed to be essential for the quantum mechanism raising the superconducting critical temperature. The complexity is shown by the lattice heterogeneous architecture: a) heterostructures at atomic limit; b) electronic heterogeneity: multiple components in the normal phase; c) superconducting heterogeneity: multiple superconducting gaps in different points of the real space and of the momentum space. The complex phase separation forms an unconventional granular superconductor in a landscape of nanoscale superconducting striped droplets which is called the "superstripes" scenario. The interplay and competition between magnetic orbital charge and lattice fluctuations seems to be essential for the quantum mechanism that suppresses thermal decoherence effects at an optimum inhomogeneity.Comment: 20 pages, 3 figures; J. Supercon. Nov. Mag. 201

Regional cluster creation as an innovative approach to life quality improvement in the area

В работе рассматривается инновационное развитие регионов. С этой целью создаются кластеры и организуется процесс кластеризации. Отмечается, что кластер выступает как способ повышения конкурентоспособности региона, являясь проводником инноваций и практическим инструментом регионального развития. Возникла потребность в разработке региональной концепции кластерной организации экономики. Подчеркивается влияние кластера не только на экономическое и социальное развитие региона, но и на повышение уровня качества жизни. The research work studies innovative development of regions. This aim is achieved by cluster creation and forming the process of clusterization. It has been proved that cluster is a way to raise the region competitiveness, being the innovations vehicle and practical instrument of regional development. There is the demand to elaborate the regional concept of cluster economy organization. It is highlighted that cluster influences not only on economic and social region development but also on life quality improvement

Pb, Cd, Se, As in blood and urine of children from high and low polluted districts of Saint-Petersburg. The elements concentrations and health of children

At present time rapt attention is attended on child health. One of the main factors of child health is environmental condition and possibility of toxic elements consuniption by children from air, water, and food. The ain of our investigation is to detennine Pb, Cd, Se, As in blood and urine of children from high and low level polluted districts of St.-Petersburg. And then to estimate urine and blood toxic elements concentration correlation. ln order to examine large child groups it is necessary to use effective, express analycal methods. Wc chose Zeeman Modulation Polarization Atomic Absorption Spectrometry with High-Frequency Modulation as such a method. New technique Zeeman Modulation Polarization Atomic Absorption Spectrometry with High-Frequency Modulation allow io determine many etements directly (without additional compounds and reagents or with there minimum use) in blood, plasma and urine. Highcst spectrometry selectivity allows working with high background level. The matrix effects are reduced in great deal the aid of L'vov platform, sample pyrolysis and palladium modifier using. We present the results of our investigation – the concentration of toxic éléments in blood and urine of children from high–Polluted district is above permitted level

Features of angular dependence of secondary electron emission from metal single crystals

The dependence of secondary electron emission coefficient σ on the angle α of primary electron incidence onto single crystals of metals with different crystalline lattice has been studied for undisturbed surface and for disturbed one by sputtering. We used the single crystals of Cu (fcc), Mo (bcc), Zn (hcp) and Ni4Mo (tetragonal lattice). It was shown that the coefficient σ is smaller for the disturbed surface, than for initial one due to absorption of secondary and scattered electrons by the lateral surfaces of hills and cones which are formed as a result of sputtering. For the initial surfaces (of Cu, Mo and Ni4Mo) the maxima of σ(α) in the low-index directions of the crystal lattice arise as a result of primary and secondary electron scattering on the atoms in open channels. At the same time, for the preliminary highly oxidized single crystal surface (of Zn) the minimum of σ in the direction of open channel was observed. The last can be explained by a reduction of work function of surface, and increase in penetration depth of electrons in open channel and by a rise of electron-phonon interaction. Angular dependences of secondary electron emission for a sputtered surface have a more complicated structure with the additional maxima and minima caused by interaction of secondary and scattered electrons with a cone-shaped relief. © 2017 Elsevier B.V