US-CHINA CONFLICT OF INTEREST IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPING THE ASIA-PACIFIC REGION

Purpose of the study: This article aims to study scenarios for the development of the Asia-Pacific region in the context of the US-China conflict of interest in this region. Methodology: The article is concerned with the conflict of interest between the United States of America and China in the context of the development of the Asia-Pacific region associated with activities of these leading actors of international relations in the Asia-Pacific region and the relevant integration structures and agreements. Main Findings: The authors of the article have analyzed the US-Chinese relations in the Asia-Pacific region and presented an overview of the international situation. Applications of this study: Special attention was paid to the expert discussion of scenarios for the probable development of the Asia-Pacific region in the immediate future, including the preservation of the existing state of affairs ("Status Quo"), the global Trans-Pacific and Trans-Atlantic Silk Road Partnership under the auspices of China, the creation of the Asia-Pacific free-trade zone and the "northern" space of economic partnership

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: A New Sour-Milk Product for Prevention and Treatment

Based on camel milk, a new multicomponent, specialized fermented dairy bio-product "Inulakt-Fito" was developed for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Its expressed hypoglycemic, antioxidant effect was established in experimental alloxan diabetes

Carbon Nanosorbent for Purification Different Biomolecules

The article presents the results of physico-chemical studies on the development of nanostructured carbon materials from domestic raw materials. Were obtained and tested micro-mesoporous carbon sorbents for molecular-sieve chromatography of markers and investigated the applicability of carbon sorbents for the separation of protein-lipid complex, and plant bio-stimulator. Carbon sorbents have well-developed porous structure but their disadvantage is the weak mechanical strength. Recently it was shown that some carbon nanostructures have enormous strength. Thus arose the need to give the nano structured elements to carbon sorbent. Creating carbon sorbents containing nanocarbon structure was the aim of our study, as these by sorbents will be very useful for large-scale purification of biomolecules. The new carbon nanosorbent was prepared by carbonization of the stones of abricot seeds. The physico - chemical characteristics of nanostructured carbon sorbent was investigated by modern methods like scanning electrone microscope and infra red spectrophotometry. Based on the goal, nano-carbon materials in the laboratory of the Institute of Combustion Problems, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University synthesized nanostructured carbon sorbents – ‘Nanokarbosorb’ type for chromatography of biomolecules. It should be noted that the nanostructured elements of the frame attached to an unusually high mechanical strength to nanokarbosorb. Because of this, this sorbent can withstand high fluid pressure at work and has high durability, therefore, it can be used over the years. The sorbent has a very large porosity and large internal surface and, accordingly, a large capacity and has no parasitic sorption. Studies have shown that "Nanokarbosorb" suitable for purification of a powerful biostimulator plants. In this regard, of great interest represents nanostructured carbon sorbents with improved chromatography characteristics. Carbon sorbents known to mankind over thousands of years. They arewidely used for purification of alcohol and other solutions. They are mechanically very weak and quickly attacked by fungi and bacteria. In this reason they are unconvenient large scale purification biomolecules. However, further improvement of chromatographic sorbents is impossible without the use of ideas and techniques of nanotechnology

Efficiency and mechanism of antitumor activity of cardiolipin-like lipid/thymidine kinase gene HSV-tk lipoplexes in the presence of gancyclovir

The herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/gancyclovir (HSV-tk/GCV) system is studied as cytotoxic lipoplex based on cardiolipin-like dicationic lipid CDL-I. It is proposed to be used as nonviral gene transfer system in cancer gene therapy protocols. An efficient transfection of MCF7 and HEC293 cell lines with this lipoplex was earlier demonstrated. Non-viral system based on the CDL-I/HSV-tk lipoplex and ganciclovir treatment causes efficiently death of tumor cells with an involvement of apoptosis key stages. It was proved that depolarization of mitochondrial membrane and increased level of NF-kB transcription factor take place as a response to CDL-I/HSV-tk lipoplex action followed by gancyclovir treatment. It suggests an early involvement of apoptosis mitochondrial way to an action of this certain «suicide» system, delivered using dicationic lipid

Steam-Air conversion of heavy oil in the presence of nanosized metal oxide particles

© 2016 Springer Science+Business Media New York.The effect of suspended nanosized magnetite and hematite particles on the thermal degradation of heavy oil at 360°C in a steamair atmosphere was studied at various pressures. The highmolecularweight components of the oil were found to undergo degradation, leading to reduced oil viscosity. The effect of aluminum and zinc oxides used as additives to initiate hydrocarbon bond dissociation on this process was also investigated. The mechanisms for how change in composition components alters the conversion products relative to the initial oil were studied. Carrying out the process in the presence of additives at 11 MPa leads to reduced yield of aromatic end products with increased yield of oil hydrocarbons and the formation of gaseous products. Asphalticresin materials are also found to be reduced due to conversion in the presence of the additives. Rheological curves were determined for the conversion products and were used to show the change in the viscositytemperature characteristics

Gene transfer to mice organs using non-viral systems for targeted delivery with different hydrophobicity and with lactose addressing group

Biodistribution of lipoplexes formed of cholenim substances I-III, containing one, two or three cholesterol moieties, and eukaryotic 14C-DNA and(or) reporter gene into mice organs using a variety of administration routes (intraperitoneally, i.p.; portal vein or left renal artery) is studied in this paper. It is shown that biodistribution doesn't depend on lipoplex lipid composition under i.p. administration, and depends on lipid nature under vein and artery administration. Effective in vivo transfection and reporter gene expression are demonstrated under portal vein administration of lipoplex formed of dicholenim II and lactosylated lipid IV (1 to 1 mass ratio). In the case, the β-Gal gene expression (above 0,3 mcg/g of tissue) is demonstrated in lungs, liver and spleen histochemically and spectrophotometrically. Introduction of cholesterol moieties into oligoethylenimine structure results in optimal hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity ratio, their stabilization, and optimal value of critical constant of micelle formation. There are certain outlooks due to usage of the lipoplexes described for targeted gene delivery

Microwave-assisted Alkylation of p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene Lower Rim: The Effect of Alkyl Halides

Alkylation of p-tert-butylcalix[4]arenes with alkyl bromides or iodides under microwave irradiation affords mostly the corresponding distal disubstituted ethers, whereas in case of alkyl chlorides reasonable yields of monoethers were achieved. © 2013 Mendeleev Communications. All rights reserved

Steam – Air Conversion of Heavy Oil in the Presence of Nanosized Metal Oxide Particles

© 2016 Springer Science+Business Media New YorkThe effect of suspended nanosized magnetite and hematite particles on the thermal degradation of heavy oil at 360°C in a steamair atmosphere was studied at various pressures. The highmolecularweight components of the oil were found to undergo degradation, leading to reduced oil viscosity. The effect of aluminum and zinc oxides used as additives to initiate hydrocarbon bond dissociation on this process was also investigated. The mechanisms for how change in composition components alters the conversion products relative to the initial oil were studied. Carrying out the process in the presence of additives at 11 MPa leads to reduced yield of aromatic end products with increased yield of oil hydrocarbons and the formation of gaseous products. Asphalticresin materials are also found to be reduced due to conversion in the presence of the additives. Rheological curves were determined for the conversion products and were used to show the change in the viscositytemperature characteristics

Aquathermolysis of heavy oil using nano oxides of metals

© 2017 Elsevier B.V.The effect of suspended nanoparticles of magnetite and hematite on thermal decomposition of heavy oil at a temperature of 360 °C in a vapor medium at different system pressures is revealed. The preferential destruction reactions of macromolecular components of oil, which lead to the reduction of oil viscosity, are established. The effect of zinc and aluminum oxides as additives initiating cracking of hydrocarbon bonds is studied. The changes in structure of the component of the converted products, as compared to the original crude oil, are obtained. Conducting the process in the presence of additives at a pressure of 11 MPa led to the reduction of the aromaticity of the final products, increase in the yield of hydrocarbon oils and the formation of gaseous products. It is observed that the amount of asphalt-resinous substances is reduced as the result of their conversion in the presence of additives. Rheological curves of conversion products are obtained, based on them the peculiarities of viscosity-temperature characteristics change can be shown

Modification of asphalt-free super viscous oil using ethylene copolymer with vinyl acetate

In this work the composition as well as the physical and mechanical properties of deasphalted bitumen of the Ashalchinsky field compounded by ethylene vinyl-acetate copolymer was studied. The possibility of development of an asphalt concrete pavement based on bituminous binding material, containing as dispersed phase, not asphaltene associates, but ethylene vinyl-acetate copolymer was looked into. The characteristics of the new asphalt binder are presented, on the basis of which it follows that the resulting binding material has ultra-high reserve of strength, elastic-deformation, low temperature and adhesion properties