Signatures of Classical Periodic Orbits on a Smooth Quantum System

Gutzwiller's trace formula and Bogomolny's formula are applied to a non--specific, non--scalable Hamiltonian system, a two--dimensional anharmonic oscillator. These semiclassical theories reproduce well the exact quantal results over a large spatial and energy range.Comment: 12 pages, uuencoded postscript file (1526 kb

Analysis of Super-Kamiokande 5-day Measurements of the Solar Neutrino Flux

Data in 5-day bins, recently released by the Super-Kamiodande Consortium, has been analyzed by a likelihood procedure that has certain advantages over the Lomb-Scargle procedure used by the consortium. The two most prominent peaks in the power spectrum of the 10-day data were at 9.42 y-1 and 26.57 y-1, and it was clear that one was an alias of the other caused by the regularity of the binning. There were reasons to believe that the 9.42 y-1 peak was an alias of the 26.57 y-1 peak, but analysis of the 5-day data makes it clear that the reverse is the case. In addition to a strong peak near 9.42 y-1, we find peaks at 43.72 y-1and at 39.28 y-1. After comparing this analysis with a power-spectrum analysis of magnetic-field data, we suggest that these three peaks may be attributed to a harmonic of the solar rotation rate and to an r-mode oscillation with spherical harmonic indices l = 2, m = 2.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journa

The Effectiveness of an Integrated Curriculum on Literacy Achievement Among First Graders

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of an integrated curriculum on literacy achievement. Twenty-four first graders from western New York elementary schools were the subjects of this research study. Twelve of the students received an integrated curriculum approach for first grade, while the other twelve did not. An integrated curriculum model is an interdisciplinary approach to guiding learners, accessing multiple intelligences through thematic curriculum, utilized by all teaching professionals. All twenty-four students also received supplemental Reading Recovery instruction. Running reading records and written vocabulary lists from all twenty-four students were analyzed over a twelve-week period to assess whether or not an integrated approach model increased literacy growth among these students. The research hypothesis stated that with an integrated curriculum, students\u27 literacy levels would increase. A t test was used to compare the change in reading levels of the two groups. A 95 % confidence level was chosen to report the data. According to the data from running records of reading levels, there was not enough evidence to support the hypothesis, as the p value was 0.054 using the 95% confidence level. However, a second t test was calculated to examine the change in word count. This analysis concluded that there was enough evidence (p = 0.006) to support the research hypothesis

Steady Motions of Rigid Body Satellites in a Central Gravitational Field

Numerous studies have been conducted on equilibrium orientations of objects moving under the influence of a central gravitational field. The results of many of these studies conclude that equilibrium conditions exist only when one of the principal axes coincides with the radius vector. Furthermore, these results assume that the center of force is located within the orbit plane, thereby tracing a great circle orbit. While these previous works have approximated the gravitational potential, this study examines relative equilibrium obtained by retaining an exact expression for the potential of a spherical primary body, as shown in a recent paper by Wang, Maddocks, and Krishnaprasad. The exact dynamic equations for the motion of a finite rigid body in an inverse square gravitational force field are investigated. Only circular orbits for a specific satellite model consisting of six masses connected by three massless rigid rods are considered. The system dynamics are comprised of seven nonlinear equations, which were numerically solved on a Cray computer. The existence of equilibrium orientations which establish non-great circle orbits was verified and other interesting results were noted. The operational significance of these results was also examined

The Perceptions Of Instructional Coaches Regarding Relational Trust With Teachers: A Qualitative Phenomenological Study

Instructional coaching continues to be a professional development model that many districts utilize to foster professional growth among their teaching staff. Although instructional coaches are usually content area and pedagogical specialists hired as experts, there is a high level of teacher resistance to instructional coaching due to lack of trust reported between coaches and teachers in the kindergarten through 12th grade setting. Although previous research has signified the need for instructional coaches to build trust with their teaching colleagues, few studies captured the lived experiences of instructional coaches in how they build relational trust. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to explore the perceptions of instructional coaches as they describe key conditions that need to be in place to build relational trust and diminish resistance to coaching, and to explore the structure of their trust building experiences with their teaching colleagues. Two research questions guided this study: (1) What human or environmental conditions do instructional coaches identify as key to establishing and building relational trust with the teachers they serve? (2) What are the perceptions of instructional coaches about how these key conditions mediate relational trust in the coaching context? Semi structured interviews were conducted with seven instructional coaches with six or more years of coaching experience. Data analysis followed Moustakas’s (1994) Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) protocol to identify themes, patterns, and trends using a structured method developed by Moustakas (1994) for IPA qualitative data analysis. Six themes emerged: (1) Many Hats, (2) Coaching Needs, (3) Resistance to Coaching, (4) Care Ethics, (5) Active Listening, and (6) Adult Learners. Results revealed that these expert coaches viewed their experiences building relational trust as mostly positive, with a minimal amount of resistance to instructional coaching. Each participant discussed ways in which they created space for their teaching colleagues to be vulnerable and take more risks as adult learners by building trust through caring relationships. Findings also showed that the advantages of instructional coaching as an in-house professional development model are abundant if established with care and critical understanding of the needs of adult learners. Educational organizations and administrators can increase the effectiveness of in-house instructional coaching models by implementing policies and procedures that minimize resistance and promote relational trust

Vaccination of Cattle with the N Terminus of LppQ of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides Results in Type III Immune Complex Disease upon Experimental Infection

Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a serious respiratory disease of cattle caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides. Current vaccines against CBPP induce short-lived immunity and can cause severe postvaccine reactions. Previous studies have identified the N terminus of the transmembrane lipoprotein Q (LppQ-N') of M. mycoides subsp. mycoides as the major antigen and a possible virulence factor. We therefore immunized cattle with purified recombinant LppQ-N' formulated in Freund's adjuvant and challenged them with M. mycoides subsp. mycoides. Vaccinated animals showed a strong seroconversion to LppQ, but they exhibited significantly enhanced postchallenge glomerulonephritis compared to the placebo group (P = 0.021). Glomerulonephritis was characterized by features that suggested the development of antigen-antibody immune complexes. Clinical signs and gross pathological scores did not significantly differ between vaccinated and placebo groups. These findings reveal for the first time the pathogenesis of enhanced disease as a result of antibodies against LppQ during challenge and also argue against inclusion of LppQ-N' in a future subunit vaccine for CBPP