Transgenic line for the identification of cholinergic release sites in Drosophila melanogaster

The identification of neurotransmitter type used by a neuron is important for the functional dissection of neuronal circuits. In the model organism Drosophila melanogaster, several methods for discerning the neurotransmitter systems are available. Here, we expanded the toolbox for the identification of cholinergic neurons by generating a new line FRT-STOP-FRT-VAChT::HA that is a conditional tagged knock-in of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) gene in its endogenous locus. Importantly, in comparison to already available tools for the detection of cholinergic neurons, the FRT-STOP-FRT-VAChT:: HA allele also allows for identification of the subcellular localization of the cholinergic presynaptic release sites in a cell-specific manner. We used the newly generated FRT-STOP-FRT-VAChT:: HA line to characterize the Mi1 and Tm3 neurons in the fly visual system and found that VAChT is present in the axons of both cell types, suggesting that Mi1 and Tm3 neurons provide cholinergic input to the elementary motion detectors, the T4 neurons

Digital technologies on labour market

The article deals with the general trends of replacing people with information systems. It is noted that the professions of the average wage and the average level of complexity are exposed to replacement in a greater extent. Examples of future professions from the sphere of management and the general characteristic of competences necessary for successful work in the future are described in the work

Digital technologies on labour market

The article deals with the general trends of replacing people with information systems. It is noted that the professions of the average wage and the average level of complexity are exposed to replacement in a greater extent. Examples of future professions from the sphere of management and the general characteristic of competences necessary for successful work in the future are described in the work

The analysis of global trends on labour market

The article examines the general trends of automation of professions according to various estimates. Global trends in the structure of employment by profession are also analyzed. The output per employee and the dynamics of this indicator by country for the period from 2011 to 2018 are considered. As a result, the corresponding trends in the labor market for that period were determined

The analysis of global trends on labour market

The article examines the general trends of automation of professions according to various estimates. Global trends in the structure of employment by profession are also analyzed. The output per employee and the dynamics of this indicator by country for the period from 2011 to 2018 are considered. As a result, the corresponding trends in the labor market for that period were determined

The influence of the concentration of montmorillonite containing sorbent and pH of the culture medium on the antibiotic sensitivity of Escherichia coli, as well as the effect of ground on growth of Escherichia

The aim of this work was the comparative sensitivity test of E. coli to enrofloxacin and doxycycline and bactericidal action of montmorillonite containing sorbent and its combination with enrofloxacin, as well as the influence of the concentration of the enriched montmorillonite containing sorbent and pH of the culture medium on the antibiotic sensitivity of Escherichia coli. The sensitivity test of Escherichia coli to enrofloxacin, and the combination of enrofloxacin with sorbent was performd by the method of double serial dilutions of drugs in a liquid culture mediu

New records of lichens and allied fungi from the Leningrad Region, Russia. XIII. Mainly saxicolous species

Fourteen lichen species and three lichenicolous fungi were recorded for the first time for the Leningrad Region. The lichenicolous fungus Sclerococcum australe is new to Russia. Arthopyrenia cinereopruinosa, Aspicilia grisea, Buellia miriquidica, Catillaria atomarioides, Lithocalla ecorticata, Miriquidica intrudens, Rhizocarpon intermediellum, Sclerococcum amygdalariae, and S. parasiticum are new for North-Western European Russia