Identifying the practice components of youth councils: contributions of theory

Social workers are involved in numerous efforts to engage youth in programs, communities, and civic life. One potential strategy has focused on engagement and empowerment of youth through the form of youth councils. Multiple theoretical frames have characterized the scholarly literature. This has limited the conceptual coherence of the field. In this paper, we report empirical data on the operation of several youth councils. We analyze the data to identify the implicit frameworks in use and apply the data from our study to sort practice components within frameworks. This effort is designed to improve conceptualization of youth councils, to inform the development of councils, and eventually to improve outcomes of councils.Published versionAccepted manuscrip

Triangular Antiferromagnets

In this article we review the effects of magnetic frustation in the stacked triangular lattice. Frustration increases the degeneracy of the ground state, giving rise to different physics. In particular it leads to unique phase diagrams with multicritical points and novel critical phenomena. We describe the confrontation of theory and experiment for a number of systems with differing magnetic Hamiltonians; Heisenberg, Heisenberg with easy-axis anisotropy, Heisenberg with easy-plane anisotropy, Ising and singlet ground state. Interestingly each leads to different magnetic properties and phase diagrams. We also describe the effects of ferromagnetic, rather than antiferromagnetic, stacking and of small distortions of the triangular lattice.Comment: Review article, 36 pages, revtex, 19 figures in PS format, to appear in Can. J. Phy

Ab initio energies of nonconducting crystals by systematic fragmentation

A systematic method for approximating the ab initio electronic energy of molecules from the energies of molecular fragments has been adapted to estimate the total electronic energy of crystal lattices. The fragmentation method can be employed with any ab initio electronic structure method and allows optimization of the crystal structure based on ab initio gradients. The method is demonstrated on SiO₂ polymorphs using the Hartree-Fock approximation, second order Moller-Plesset perturbation theory, and the quadratic configuration interaction method with single and double excitations and triple excitations added perturbatively

Higher education academic salaries in the UK

It is widely believed that higher education academic salaries are too low, and that this may lead to a ‘brain drain’ and also lower quality in higher education, as universities fail to attract the ‘brightest and the best’. We compare the salaries of Higher Education teaching professionals in the UK with those of other comparable professionals. We compare academic salaries to a range of occupational groupings that one might view as similar, in terms of unobserved characteristics, to academics. We conclude that HE teaching professionals earn lower earnings than most public sector graduates and do particularly poorly compared to most other comparable professionals. In particular, academic earnings compare poorly to those in the legal professions, consultant physicians and dental practitioners (across both the public and private sectors). On the other hand, some public sector workers do worse than HE academics, e.g. FE teachers

Diamond-Like Carbon film from Liquid Gas on Metallic Substrates

Liquid gas was used to produce DLC films on Cu, Al and steel substrates by DC plasma technique. The absorption in IR reflectance indicates, grown films are DLC. By deconvolution of room temperature UV-visible spectra of the films grown at 50 mtorr and 200${}^\circ$C, in addition to the spectra lines reported for CL, PL, PLC and ESR, some new spectra lines were obtained. We also, have seen exciton absorption line at room temperature.Comment: 6 pages, Postscript, 2 figure

Charles M. Breder, Jr.: Atlantis Expedition, 1934

Dr. Charles M. Breder participated on the 1934 expedition of the Atlantis from Woods Hole, Massachusetts to Panama and back and kept a field diary of daily activities. The Atlantis expedition of 1934, led by Prof. A. E. Parr, was a milestone in the history of scientific discovery in the Sargasso Sea and the West Indies. Although naturalists had visited the Sargasso Sea for many years, the Atlantis voyage was the first attempt to investigate in detailed quantitative manner biological problems about this varying, intermittent ‘false’ bottom of living, floating plants and associated fauna. In addition to Dr. Breder, the party also consisted of Dr. Alexander Forbes, Harvard University and Trustee of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI); T. S. Greenwood, WHOI hydrographer; M. D. Burkenroad, Yale University’s Bingham Laboratory, carcinology and Sargasso epizoa; M. Bishop, Peabody Museum of Natural History, Zoology Dept., collections and preparations and H. Sears, WHOI ichthyologist. The itinerary included the following waypoints: Woods Hole, the Bermudas, Turks Islands, Kingston, Colon, along the Mosquito Bank off of Nicaragua, off the north coast of Jamaica, along the south coast of Cuba, Bartlett Deep, to off the Isle of Pines, through the Yucatan Channel, off Havana, off Key West, to Miami, to New York City, and then the return to Woods Hole. During the expedition, Breder collected rare and little-known flying fish species and developed a method for hatching and growing flying fish larvae. (PDF contains 48 pages

Ground reaction force estimates from ActiGraph GT3X+ hip accelerations.

Simple methods to quantify ground reaction forces (GRFs) outside a laboratory setting are needed to understand daily loading sustained by the body. Here, we present methods to estimate peak vertical GRF (pGRFvert) and peak braking GRF (pGRFbrake) in adults using raw hip activity monitor (AM) acceleration data. The purpose of this study was to develop a statistically based model to estimate pGRFvert and pGRFbrake during walking and running from ActiGraph GT3X+ AM acceleration data. 19 males and 20 females (age 21.2 ± 1.3 years, height 1.73 ± 0.12 m, mass 67.6 ± 11.5 kg) wore an ActiGraph GT3X+ AM over their right hip. Six walking and six running trials (0.95-2.19 and 2.20-4.10 m/s, respectively) were completed. Average of the peak vertical and anterior/posterior AM acceleration (ACCvert and ACCbrake, respectively) and pGRFvert and pGRFbrake during the stance phase of gait were determined. Thirty randomly selected subjects served as the training dataset to develop generalized equations to predict pGRFvert and pGRFbrake. Using a holdout approach, the remaining 9 subjects were used to test the accuracy of the models. Generalized equations to predict pGRFvert and pGRFbrake included ACCvert and ACCbrake, respectively, mass, type of locomotion (walk or run), and type of locomotion acceleration interaction. The average absolute percent differences between actual and predicted pGRFvert and pGRFbrake were 8.3% and 17.8%, respectively, when the models were applied to the test dataset. Repeated measures generalized regression equations were developed to predict pGRFvert and pGRFbrake from ActiGraph GT3X+ AM acceleration for young adults walking and running. These equations provide a means to estimate GRFs without a force plate

Matching factors for Delta S=1 four-quark operators in RI/SMOM schemes

The non-perturbative renormalization of four-quark operators plays a significant role in lattice studies of flavor physics. For this purpose, we define regularization-independent symmetric momentum-subtraction (RI/SMOM) schemes for Delta S=1 flavor-changing four-quark operators and provide one-loop matching factors to the MS-bar scheme in naive dimensional regularization. The mixing of two-quark operators is discussed in terms of two different classes of schemes. We provide a compact expression for the finite one-loop amplitudes which allows for a straightforward definition of further RI/SMOM schemes.Comment: 22 pages, 5 figure

Charles M. Breder, Jr.: Bahamas and Florida

Dr. Charles M. Breder, a well known ichthyologist, kept meticulous field diaries throughout his career. This publication is a transcription of field notes recorded during the Bacon Andros Expeditions, and trips to Florida, Ohio and Illinois during the 1930s. Breder's work in Andros included exploration of a "blue hole", inland ecosystems, and collection of marine and terrestrial specimens. Anecdotes include descriptions of camping on the beach, the "filly-mingoes" (flamingos) of Andros Island, the Marine Studios of Jacksonville, FL, a trip to Havana, and the birth of seahorses. This publication is part of a series of transcriptions of Dr. Breder's diaries. (PDF contains 55 pages