Implementing response journals in a reading workshop : one teacher\u27s study of the effectiveness of reader response journals in evaluating individual progress

This article reports on the development and implementation of reader response journals in a Reading Workshop. It is based on observations related to the effectiveness of response journals and self-evaluation in literacy instruction. Included in this article are descriptions of one teacher\u27s previous reading practices, her desire for change, and the decisions she made regarding literacy instruction. The author guides readers through the steps involved in implementing a Reading Workshop, and also details the impact journaling and self-evaluation had on her literacy program

Réalisation d'un spectromètre de coïncidences à sept compteurs NaI

Un multicompteur comprenant sept détecteurs NaI(T1) 3" x 3" a été construit. Il permet de mesurer simultanément les valeurs correspondant à 16 angles de la fonction de corrélation angulaire W(θ1, θ 2, ϕ) ou les sept géométries définies par Litherland et Ferguson. Cet ensemble a été expérimenté avec succès dans le cas de corrélations angulaires bien connues aussi bien en désintégrations radioactives qu'en réactions nucléaires

Résolution en temps d'un circuit de coïncidences particule gamma

Des détecteurs à barrière de surface ont été utilisés dans un circuit de coïncidences rapides particule-gamma en vue de mesurer des vies moyennes de noyaux dans des états excités. L'influence sur la résolution en temps de différents facteurs (résistivité, tension de polarisation, etc.) a été étudiée

Meson-exchange enhancement in first-forbidden β\beta -transitions: the case of 50^{50}K and 38^{38}Ca

The $\beta$- decay of $^{50}$K and $^{38}$Ca have been investigated with the main motive of determining more accurately the first-forbidden $\beta$- branches, in particular the rank-zero, $\Delta$J = 0, $\,\beta$ -transitions. $^{50}$K and $^{38}$Ca have been produced by fragmentation of U and Ti targets respectively, with a 1 GeV proton beam and subsequent on-line mass separation. For $^{50}$K, $\gamma$-ray spectroscopy, as well as delayed neutron spectroscopy by time of flight, were carried out to obtain a detailed decay scheme to 20 (bound and unbound) levels in $^{50}$Ca. The level structur e of $^{50}$Ca can be compared to recent calculations which incorporate 1p1h excitations from the f$_{7/2}$ shell. The first-forbidden $\beta^-$ transition $^{50}$ K(0$^-$)$\,\to{}^{50}$Ca(0$^+$) g.s. has been evaluated for the first time by a direct measurement of $\beta$- and $\gamma$- activities. Its importance (61.0 $\pm$ 7.4$\%$) is interpreted as an effect of the meson-exchange current (MEC) l eading to an enhancement factor of 62(5)$\%$ in comparison with the value predicted by shell-model calculations using the impulse approximation. For the $^{38}$ Ca$\,\to{}^{38}$K decay, chemical selec tive production was obtained through separation of the molecular ion CaF$^+$ without contamination by isobars. In these conditions, the measurement of very weak $\beta$-branches, at a level of 10$^{-3}\%$ decays, could be made and a limit, at the 2$\sigma$-confidence level, has been obtained for the 0$^+\to$ 0$^-$ branch to the level at E$_x$ = 2993 keV (I$_\beta$ < 0.0046$\%$). Imp lications of these results on the general trend of meson-exchange enhancements of first-forbidden transitions within the framework of the spherical shell model are discussed

Ground-state spin of 59^{59}Mn

Beta decay of $^{59}$Mn has been studied at PSB-ISOLDE, CERN. The intense and pure Mn beam was produced using the Resonance Ionization Laser Ion Source (RILIS). Based on the measured $\beta$-decay rates the ground-state spin and parity are proposed to be $J^{\pi}$ = 5/2$^{-}$. This result is consistent with the systematic trend of the odd-A Mn nuclei and extends the systematics one step further towards the neutron drip line

At the onset of settled pastoralism – Implications of archaeozoological and isotope analyses from Bronze age sites in the North Caucasus

Bioarchaeological studies provide a valuable contribution to the understanding of the economy and activities of prehistoric populations in mountain regions. The Late Bronze Age in the Caucasus is an epoch of fundamental transformations that is accompanied by the development of a semi-stationary pastoral economy and ultimately by the emergence of combined mountain agriculture. So far, only a few archaeozoological assemblages from this period have been published. The site of Ransyrt-1 in the North Caucasus offers a substantial collection of bone material from the remains of a mountain sanctuary. Analysis of the animal remains as well as preliminary isotopic analyses of strontium, oxygen, and carbon shed light on animal exploitation at this site. Comparisons with slightly later settlements in the North and South Caucasus illustrate the development of intensive livestock management strategies in the Late Bronze Age in this region at the interface between Southwest Asia and the Eurasian steppe

Loss of the mammal-specific tectorial membrane component CEA cell adhesion molecule 16 (CEACAM16) leads to hearing impairment at low and high frequencies

The vertebrate-restricted carcinoembryonic antigen gene family evolves extremely rapidly. Among their widely expressed members, the mammal-specific, secreted CEACAM16 is exceptionally well conserved and specifically expressed in the inner ear. To elucidate a potential auditory function we inactivated murine Ceacam16 by homologous recombination. In young Ceacam16-/- mice the hearing threshold for frequencies below 10 kHz and above 22 kHz was raised. This hearing impairment progressed with age. A similar phenotype is observed in hearing-impaired members of Family 1070 with non-syndromic autosomal dominant hearing loss (DFNA4) who carry a missense mutation in CEACAM16. CEACAM16 was found in interdental and Deiters cells and was deposited in the tectorial membrane of the cochlea between postnatal day 12 and 15, when hearing starts in mice. In cochlear sections of Ceacam16-/- mice tectorial membranes were significantly more often stretched out as compared to wild-type mice where they were mostly contracted and detached from the outer hair cells. Homotypic cell sorting observed after ectopic cell surface expression of the carboxy-terminal immunoglobulin variable-like N2 domain of CEACAM16 indicated that CEACAM16 can interact in trans. Furthermore, Western blot analyses of membrane-bound CEACAM16 under reducing and non-reducing conditions demonstrated oligomerization via unpaired cysteines. Taken together, CEACAM16 probably can form higher order structures with other tectorial membrane proteins such as α-tectorin and β-tectorin and influences the physical properties of the tectorial membrane. Evolution of CEACAM16 might have been an important step for the specialization of the mammalian cochlea allowing hearing over an extended frequency range

Spectroscopy of 34,35Si^{34,35}Si by β\beta decay: sd-fp shell gap and single-particle states

The $^{34,35}Al\beta$ decays were studied at the CERN on-line mass separator ISOLDE by $\beta-\gamma, \beta-\gamma-\gamma$ and $\beta-n-\gamma$ measurements, in order to corroborate thelow-level description of $^{34}Si$ and to obtain the first information on the level structure of the N=21 isotope $^{35}Si$. Earlier observed $\gamma$ lines in $^{34} Al$ decay were confirmed and new gamma transitions following both beta decay and $\beta$-delayed neutron emission were established. The first level scheme in $^{35}Si$, including three excited states at 910, 974 and 2168 keV, is consistent with $J^{\pi} =3/2^{-}$ and $3/2^{+}$ for the first two states respectively. Beta-decay half-life of $T_{1/2} = 38.6 (4)$ ms and beta-delayed neutron branching $P_{n}$ value $(P_{n} =41(13)$ were measured unambiguously. The significance of the single-particle energy determination at N=21, Z=14, for assessing the effective interaction in sd-fp shell-model calculations, is discussed and illustrated by predictions for different n-rich isotopes

β\beta- decay of the proton-rich Tz=−1/2_{z} = -1/2 nucleus, 71^{71}Kr

$\beta$- decay of the T$_{z}$ = - 1/2 nuclide $^{71}$Kr has been studied at the ISOLDE PSB Facility at CERN. $^{71}$Kr ions were produced in spallation reactions in a Nb foil using the 1 GeV proton beam and studied by means of $\beta$-delayed proton, $\beta$- and $\gamma$-ray spectroscopy. The half-life and the $\beta$-decay energy of $^{71}$Kr were determined using the decay of protons and positrons. These results: T$_{1/2}$ = 100 ± 3 ms and $Q_\textrm{EC}$ = 10$^{14}$ ± 0.32 MeV and the first observation of the b-branch to the 207 keV level in $^{71}$Br makes the extension of the systematics of Gamow-Teller matrix elements of mirror nuclei up to A = 71 possible. Gamow-Teller strength of the same magnitude as that of the $fp$-shell mirror nuclei is observed for the ground state transition