Service of process in the United States under Insolvency Rule 12.12

Explains the procedure to be followed by a UK based liquidator wishing to serve insolvency proceedings on parties based in the US under the Insolvency Rules 1986 r.12.12. Discusses the rule's requirements for obtaining leave of the court for service outside the jurisdiction, the court's discretion to order the manner of service, including the approach of the Chancery Division in Re Busytoday Ltd, and the obligations imposed by the Hague Convention on the Service Abroad of Judicial and Extrajudicial Documents in Civil or Commercial Matters 1965. Evaluates the methods of service authorised by the Convention and details the main elements involved in service by the Central Authority route or by a local process server

Effect of signal duration on detection for gated and for continuous noise

Effect of signal duration on detection for gated and continuous nois

Did Earth-approaching asteroids 3551, 3908, or 4055 produce meteorites?

Orbital integrations show that Amor asteroid 3908 could have ejected one out of four plausible groups of meteorite producing fireballs during a collision in the asteroid belt. It was suggested by others that such a collision may also have split asteroids 3551 and 3908. A member of this group of fireballs is listed as one of the better possibilities for recovery

Novel Rubidium Poly-Nitrogen Materials at High Pressure

First-principles crystal structure search is performed to predict novel rubidium poly-nitrogen materials at high pressure by varying the stoichiometry, i. e. relative quantities of the constituent rubidium and nitrogen atoms. Three compounds of high nitrogen content, RbN_{5}, RbN_{2}, and Rb_{4}N_{6}, are discovered. Rubidium pentazolate (RbN5) becomes thermodynamically stable at pressures above \unit[30]{GPa}. The charge transfer from Rb to N atoms enables aromaticity in cyclo-N_{^{_{5}}}^{-} while increasing the ionic bonding in the crystal. Rubidium pentazolate can be synthesized by compressing rubidium azide (RbN3) and nitrogen (N2) precursors above \unit[9.42]{GPa}, and its experimental discovery is aided by calculating the Raman spectrum and identifying the features attributed to N_{^{_{5}}}^{-} modes. The two other interesting compounds, RbN2 containing infinitely-long single-bonded nitrogen chains, and Rb_{4}N_{6} consisting of single-bonded N_{6} hexazine rings, become thermodynamically stable at pressures exceeding \unit[60]{GPa}. In addition to the compounds with high nitrogen content, Rb_{3}N_{3}, a new compound with 1:1 RbN stoichiometry containing bent N_{3} azides is found to exist at high pressures

Gluon and ghost propagators in the Landau gauge: Deriving lattice results from Schwinger-Dyson equations

We show that the application of a novel gauge invariant truncation scheme to the Schwinger-Dyson equations of QCD leads, in the Landau gauge, to an infrared finite gluon propagator and a divergent ghost propagator, in qualitative agreement with recent lattice data.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures; v3: typos corrected; v2: discussion on numerical results expanded, considerations about the Kugo-Ojima confinement criterion adde

Invariant manifolds and the geometry of front propagation in fluid flows

Recent theoretical and experimental work has demonstrated the existence of one-sided, invariant barriers to the propagation of reaction-diffusion fronts in quasi-two-dimensional periodically-driven fluid flows. These barriers were called burning invariant manifolds (BIMs). We provide a detailed theoretical analysis of BIMs, providing criteria for their existence, a classification of their stability, a formalization of their barrier property, and mechanisms by which the barriers can be circumvented. This analysis assumes the sharp front limit and negligible feedback of the front on the fluid velocity. A low-dimensional dynamical systems analysis provides the core of our results.Comment: 14 pages, 11 figures. To appear in Chaos Focus Issue: Chemo-Hydrodynamic Patterns and Instabilities (2012

Entanglement Measure for Composite Systems

A general description of entanglement is suggested as an action realized by an arbitrary operator over given disentangled states. The related entanglement measure is defined. Because of its generality, this definition can be employed for any physical systems, pure or mixed, equilibrium or nonequilibrium, and characterized by any type of operators, whether these are statistical operators, field operators, spin operators, or anything else. Entanglement of any number of parts from their total ensemble forming a multiparticle composite system can be determined. Interplay between entanglement and ordering, occurring under phase transitions, is analysed by invoking the concept of operator order indices.Comment: 6 pages, Revte