Current Trends in the Development of Neuroscientific Research in Education

Modern neuroscience is making significant progress in the study of brain functions, which can be of great importance for the education. However, there is a gap between current neuroscientific evidence on how the brain learns and its direct application in classrooms. What can neuroscientists, psychologists, and educators do to improve the interaction between neuroscience and education? In this article, we attempt to answer this question by examining the essentials of educational neuroscience as an interdisciplinary field of research at the intersection of neuroscience, pedagogy, and cognitive science, which seeks to translate research on the neural mechanisms of learning into educational practice and understand the impact of education on the learner's brain. In the first part of the article we describe the origins and current progress of neuroscience in education, discuss terminological uncertainty in the Russian scientific literature on the relationship between neuroscience and education, as well as possible and, in our opinion, most promising ways of interaction between psychology, pedagogy and neuroscience. In the second part of the article we analyze the main directions of contemporary research in the field of neuroscience, based on the Scopus database of scientific information

Socio-economic conflict: The concept and typology

The article reveals the concept of socio-economic conflict, its typology is given. Key approaches to the study of socio-economic conflict are described, which allow us to confirm, that with increasing of socio-economic conflicts, the need for their constructive settlement and resolution is brewing. Socio-economic conflict, been developing in the sphere of social production and distribution of social wealth among large social communities and institutions, is accompanied by extreme tension and confusion in society. The following research methods are used in the article: structural-functional and subject-activity. The authors come to the conclusion that the socio-economic conflicts are often found in practice, as they are related to the quality of life of the individual. Furthermore, such conflicts may be transformed and take on political overtones, thereby to escalate into largescale clashes of interests of entire social groups. Despite its conditional nature, typology of socio-economic conflicts contributes to the disclosure of the nature and content of socio-economic conflict (object, subject, subjects, etc.), as well as developing practical recommendations for the effective management and regulation of risks, and conflicts in the sphere of socio-economic security

Gene transfer to mice organs using non-viral systems for targeted delivery with different hydrophobicity and with lactose addressing group

Biodistribution of lipoplexes formed of cholenim substances I-III, containing one, two or three cholesterol moieties, and eukaryotic 14C-DNA and(or) reporter gene into mice organs using a variety of administration routes (intraperitoneally, i.p.; portal vein or left renal artery) is studied in this paper. It is shown that biodistribution doesn't depend on lipoplex lipid composition under i.p. administration, and depends on lipid nature under vein and artery administration. Effective in vivo transfection and reporter gene expression are demonstrated under portal vein administration of lipoplex formed of dicholenim II and lactosylated lipid IV (1 to 1 mass ratio). In the case, the β-Gal gene expression (above 0,3 mcg/g of tissue) is demonstrated in lungs, liver and spleen histochemically and spectrophotometrically. Introduction of cholesterol moieties into oligoethylenimine structure results in optimal hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity ratio, their stabilization, and optimal value of critical constant of micelle formation. There are certain outlooks due to usage of the lipoplexes described for targeted gene delivery

Metabolism and obesity: role of leptin receptor gene

Background. Currently more than 119 obesity-related polymorphisms is known to participate in adult obesity. One of them is LEPR Q223R. Many researches shown association of this polymorphism with adult obesity. However, the role of LEPR Q223R in adolescent overweight and obesity is the matter of dispute. Aim: to determine association of polymorphism Q223R of LEPR gene with some biochemical and hormonal measurements of blood in female adolescents with normal weight and with overweight and obesity. Materials and methods. A total of 103 female adolescents (14-17 years of age) was examined. All girls were divided into 2 groups: 43 girls with normal weight (SDS BM 10.311 ± 0.585), and 65 girls with overweight and obesity (SDS BMI 2.255± 0.739) (р < 0.0001). Height, weight, BM1, SDS BM1 were measured. Laboratory tests included triglycerides, total cholesterol and its fraction, TTH, free thyroxin and leptin. All girls were genotyped on carrier of LEPR Q223R. Statistical analysis was provided by software Statistica 8.0 using nonparametric Mann - Whitney methods and Chi-square test with Yates correction. Results. Significant association of carrying RR-genotype with increase of SDS BM1 (p = 0.006), THS (p = 0.006) and decrease of free thyroxin was shown in control group. Conclusion. Our results showed the association of R-allele with increase of SDS BM1, THS and decrease T4 free in control group

Synchronous Behavior of Coupled Systems with Discrete Time

The dynamics of one-way coupled systems with discrete time is considered. The behavior of the coupled logistic maps is compared to the dynamics of maps obtained using the Poincare sectioning procedure applied to the coupled continuous-time systems in the phase synchronization regime. The behavior (previously considered as asynchronous) of the coupled maps that appears when the complete synchronization regime is broken as the coupling parameter decreases, corresponds to the phase synchronization of flow systems, and should be considered as a synchronous regime. A quantitative measure of the degree of synchronism for the interacting systems with discrete time is proposed.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

CHARACTERISTICS OF PITUITARY-OPVARIAN-ADRENAL AXIS IN ADOLESCENT GIRLS WITH HYPERPROLACTINEMIA OF VARIOUS GENESIS

The article presents the results of examination of 97 adolescent girls (mean age 14,96 ± 0,26 years) with hyperprolactinemia (PRL levels above 700 IU/ml): 30 adolescent girls with pituitary microprolactinoma (mean age 14,7 ± 3.2 years) and 67 adolescent girls with functional hyperprolactinemia (mean age 14,6 ± 3,4 years). The control group included 35 healthy adolescent girls (mean age 15,8 ± 0,89 years). Hyperprolactinemia (tumor and non-neoplastic) in puberty leads to disorders of sexual development and ovarian-menstrual cycle, followed by neurological symptoms. Elevated concentrations of testosterone, cortisol, DHEA, 17-OH-progesterone and LH/FSH ratio were shown in adolescents with hyperprolactinemia compared to the control group. Macroprolactinemia was estimated in 16,4—20 % of girls with hyperprolactinemia