METHODICAL APPROACHES TO FORMING INNOVATIVE PROJECT AND ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES

The following principles are discussed as methodical bases of the choice of innovative project and enterprise management organizational structures: hierarchism, bureaucratization, adhocratie, tent organization, lean business engineering, rational organization, amorphous organization, teaching organization. Conditions that complicate industrial and technological processes influence enterprise management process dynamics. The variety of existing types of organizational structures is determined by industrial, economic, psychological and social conditions

Assessment of Fibrinogen Macromolecules Interaction with Red Blood Cells Membrane by Means of Laser Aggregometry, Flow Cytometry, and Optical Tweezers Combined with Microfluidics

An elevated concentration of fibrinogen in blood is a significant risk factor during many pathological diseases, as it leads to an increase in red blood cells (RBC) aggregation, resulting in hemorheological disorders. Despite the biomedical importance, the mechanisms of fibrinogen-induced RBC aggregation are still debatable. One of the discussed models is the non-specific adsorption of fibrinogen macromolecules onto the RBC membrane, leading to the cells bridging in aggregates. However, recent works point to the specific character of the interaction between fibrinogen and the RBC membrane. Fibrinogen is the major physiological ligand of glycoproteins receptors IIbIIIa (GPIIbIIIa or αIIββ3 or CD41/CD61). Inhibitors of GPIIbIIIa are widely used in clinics for the treatment of various cardiovascular diseases as antiplatelets agents preventing the platelets’ aggregation. However, the effects of GPIIbIIIa inhibition on RBC aggregation are not sufficiently well studied. The objective of the present work was the complex multimodal in vitro study of the interaction between fibrinogen and the RBC membrane, revealing the role of GPIIbIIIa in the specificity of binding of fibrinogen by the RBC membrane and its involvement in the cells’ aggregation process. We demonstrate that GPIIbIIIa inhibition leads to a significant decrease in the adsorption of fibrinogen macromolecules onto the membrane, resulting in the reduction of RBC aggregation. We show that the mechanisms underlying these effects are governed by a decrease in the bridging components of RBC aggregation forces

МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ФОРМИРОВАНИЮ ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННЫХ СТРУКТУР УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ИННОВАЦИОННЫМИ ПРОЕКТАМИ И ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯМИ

The following principles are discussed as methodical bases of the choice of innovative project and enterprise management organizational structures: hierarchism, bureaucratization, adhocratie, tent organization, lean business engineering, rational organization, amorphous organization, teaching organization. Conditions that complicate industrial and technological processes influence enterprise management process dynamics. The variety of existing types of organizational structures is determined by industrial, economic, psychological and social conditions.В качестве методических основ выбора организационных структур управления инновационными проектами и предприятиями предложены и рассматриваются следующие принципы: иерархичность и бюрократизация; адхократия; палаточная организация; горизонтальная организация; рациональная организация; аморфная организация; обучающаяся организация. Условия усложнения производственных и технологических процессов влияют на динамичность процессов управления предприятием. Разнообразие существующих типов организационных структур определяется производственными, экономическими, психологическими исоциальными условиями

Микрореологические свойства крови и капиллярный кровоток при артериальной гипертензии и сахарном диабете второго типа: исследование оптическими методами in vitro и in vivo

Aim. To study microrheological properties of RBCs and capillary blood flow parameters using optical methods in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2).Methods. RBCs aggregation properties were evaluated in vitro using laser aggregometry and optical trapping. Сapillary nail refill was evaluated in vivo using nailfold digital capillaroscopy.Results. The aggregation of RBCs in patients suffering from AH was higher compared to healthy subjects who demonstrated a decrease in the aggregation time by 29±9%. A similar trend was observed in patients with AH and DM2. The comparison of the results obtained by different methods showed that patients with AH with a high capillary blood flow velocity measured in vivo reported a decrease in the aggregation index by 14±4% compared to patients with low velocity.Conclusion. The comparison of microrheological blood properties in patients with AH and AH+DM2 versus the control group showed statistically significant differences in the aggregation index that was higher in AH patients. These differences were more pronounced in patients with AH and DM2. The results obtained by in vitro and in vivo methods were consistent.Цель. Анализ агрегационных свойств эритроцитов и параметров капиллярного кровотока, измеренных различными оптическими методами, у пациентов с артериальной гипертензией (АГ) и сахарным диабетом второго типа (СД2).Материалы и методы. Измерения агрегационных свойств проводились invitro методами лазерной агре-гометрии и оптического захвата. Анализ кровотока в капиллярах ногтевого ложа испытуемых выполнен in vivo с использованием цифровой капилляроскопии.Результаты. Агрегация эритроцитов у пациентов с АГ повышена по сравнению со здоровыми испытуемыми: характерное время агрегации уменьшено на 29±9%. Эта же тенденция к усилению агрегации видна в группе пациентов с АГ и СД2. Сопоставление результатов, полученных с использованием различных методов измерения, показало, что в группе пациентов с АГ с повышенной скоростью кровотока, измеренной in vivo, индекс агрегации, измеренный invitro, снижен на 14±4% по сравнению с группой с пониженной скоростью.Заключение. Сравнение значений микрореологических параметров крови, характерных для групп пациентов с АГ, в том числе при наличии СД2, и здоровых доноров, показывает статистически значимые отличия: у пациентов с АГ агрегация эритроцитов повышена. Эти отличия выражены сильнее у пациентов с АГ и СД2. Кроме того, результаты, полученные различными оптическими методами in vitro и in vivo, согласуются между собой

Innovative development problems of private sector of engineering and defense industrial complexes

The innovation processes in non-governmental sector of machine building complex and defense industry complex of the Russian Federation are analyzed in this article. Also the recommendations for development are given

Analysis of laser beam scattering by an ensemble of particles modeling red blood cells in ektacytomter

Using a simple theoretical model, we have obtained approximate relations between the characteristics of particles, modeling red blood cells, and the parameters of the diffraction pattern, produced by a laser beam diffracted in the ektacytometer. We have estimated, in particular, the effect of the particles size dispersion on the diffraction pattern visibility. The estimate shows, that relation of light intensities in the first minimum and the first maximum in the diffraction pattern is a parameter, which is rather sensitive to the particles size dispersion

The government and the problems of development of non-governmental enterprises of the military-industrial complex and civil engineering of Russia

The non-governmental industrial sector of Russia is growing from year to year as a result of privatization program consistently held by the government. In the beginning of the 90s, the heads of state have decided not to hold the state industrial policy any more reasoning from the idea of market self-regulation. The enterprises of the military-industrial complex of Russia, as a result, were in a grave condition because there were no state orders anymore. The enterprises were ofered to produce civil engineering production because it was considered that there were no more enemies to fight against. As time goes by, some enterprises became bankrupt. But the majority has survived under the direction of smart owners despite but not due to the conditions of survival of that time. The life has shown that the state industrial policy is indispensable, especially when Russia is near to enter into the WTO. There are no more obstacles on the path to this, but nobody knows exactly which enterprises will become bankrupt, what will be with those people who will lose their work and which enterprises will continue working and how. It is not clear neither at federal level nor at regional or municipal. In this paper, the modern operating conditions and opportunities to modernize the non-governmental industrial sector are analyzed. Performatives on education reform regarding the young engineers and economists aimed to reduce the period of their adaptation at work have been formulated

Innovative development problems of private sector of engineering and defense industrial complexes

The innovation processes in non-governmental sector of machine building complex and defense industry complex of the Russian Federation are analyzed in this article. Also the recommendations for development are given.</div