GENERIC IDENTITY OF PHORADENDRON RUSBYI (VISCACEAE) AND A NEW RECORD FOR ARGENTINA

Durante la revisión de herbarios en la Argentina se encontró un ejemplar de Phoradendron rusbyi, que representa la tercera colección de esta especie y una nueva cita para la flora de este país. Esta especie es una planta pequeña y áfila, miembro del grupo de hiperparásitas, que fue encontrada en una colección mixta, parasitando Phoradendron bathyoryctum. Se incluye una descripción morfológica de la especie y se confirma su inclusión en el género Phorandendron. Palabras clave. Argentina; flora; hiperparásitas; Phoradendron; Viscaceae. During a review of herbaria in Argentina we found a specimen of Phoradendron rusbyi, which represents the third collection of the species and a new record for the flora of Argentina. This species is a little aphyllous plant, being a member of the group of hyperparasitic mistletoes, and was found in a mixed collection, parasitizing Phoradendron bathyoryctum. A morphological description of the species is provided, and its inclusion in Phoradendron confirmed

Generic identity of Phoradendron rusbyi: Viscaceae) and a new record for Argentina

Durante la revisión de herbarios en la Argentina se encontró un ejemplar de Phoradendron rusbyi, que representa la tercera colección de esta especie y una nueva cita para la flora de este país. Esta especie es una planta pequeña y áfila, miembro del grupo de hiperparásitas, que fue encontrada en una colección mixta, parasitando Phoradendron bathyoryctum. Se incluye una descripción morfológica de la especie y se confirma su inclusión en el género Phorandendron

Phoradendron killipii Kuijt 2003

<i>Phoradendron killipii</i> Kuijt (2003: 253, Figures 147, 158). <p> Type:— COLOMBIA. Quindio [loc. corrected]: Cordillera Central, Rio Quindio, Salento, 1700‒2000 m., 19 August 1922 [♀], <i>E.P. Killip 10102</i> (holotype: NY01404821 [digital image!]; isotypes: GH00100641 [digital image!], US03656357 [digital image!]). (Figs. 1– 2).</p> <p> <b>Extended description:—</b> <i>Hemiparasitic</i> plant. <i>Haustorium</i> unknown. Monopodial percurrent branching. <i>Stem</i> internodes persistently keeled, 2.3–6.5 cm long, 3.3–5.3 mm diameter in keeled portion, 2.5–4.1 mm diameter in flattened portion; first branching internode 3.6–5.4 cm long, being the same shape as stems, basal cataphylls (2–)3(–5) pairs, basally fused and distally separate, last pair borne up to 1–2.5 cm above the branch base, intercalary cataphylls absent. <i>Leaves</i> 10–19 × 2.5–5 cm, coriaceous, lanceolate, subsessile, apex acute and distally rounded, base tapering to a winged indistinct petiole. Venation palmate, 4–6 lateral arched veins ascending towards leaf apex, midvein conspicuously raised abaxially. <i>Dioecious</i>. <i>Staminate inflorescences</i> usually 1 per axil, 1.5–3 cm long; peduncles compound with 0‒4 pairs of sterile bracts; up to 7 fertile internodes, cylindric, triseriate, 1.5–4 × 2–3 mm, flowers 3–13 per fertile bract, embedded in a glabrous foveae, ca. 1 mm diameter, stamens epipetalous, sessile, bilocular anthers, with a papillose rudiment in the middle of the petal. <i>Pistillate inflorescences</i> usually 3 per axil, 2.5–3.5 cm long; peduncles simple; fertile internodes 5–6, swollen with a spherical appearance, flowering internodes 2.5–5 × 3–3.8 mm, fruiting internodes 5.8–7.0 × 5–7.8 mm; triseriate; <i>flowers</i> (1–)5–9 per fertile bract, 3(–4)-merous, ca. 1 mm diameter, almost completely embedded in the foveae, with a papillate crown. <i>Fruit</i> a yellow one-seeded berry, ca. 3 × 3 mm (dehydrated), with a smooth surface; remnant perianth closed.</p> <p> <b>Additional specimens examined:</b> — COLOMBIA. Dpto. Huila: Mun. La Argentina, quebrada del pueblo, 1850 m, 25 September 1984, [♀], <i>G. Lozano, O. Rangel, L.F. de Turbay, A. Sanabria & N. Espejo 4108</i> (F [digital image!]). Dpto. Risaralda: Mun. Pereira, Reserva Natural Ucumarí, La Pastora, Camino a Ceylán, 5°06’47’’ N, 75°53’16’’ W, 2300 m, 30 June 2006 [♂], <i>F.J. Roldán, O. Mosquera & J. Niño 4014</i> (HUA!); l.c., 2300 m, 15 April 1994 [♂], <i>C. Murcia 152</i> (HUA!); l.c., entre La Pastora–Ceylán, 2400 m, 2 December 1989 [♂], <i>P. Franco, O. Rangel & E. Londoño 2795</i> (COL [digital image!]). Dpto. Tolima: Mun. Cajamarca. Cerca al túnel perales de la doble calzada, Reserva Central Forestal, ca. 9 km Cajamarca-Calarcá, poco antes del peaje Cajamarca, 4°26’17.2’’ N, 75°29’’55.8’’ W, 2410 m, 13 July 2013 [♂], <i>J. Betancur & N. Jimenez-Escobar 18200</i> (HUA!); La Colosa, bmh-MB, bp-M, 2700 m, n.d. [♀], <i>M. Montoya 492</i> (HUA!, MEDEL!).</p>Published as part of <i>Murillo-Serna, Jhon S., Dettke, Greta A., Carmona-Gallego, Isabel & Alzate, Fernando, 2021, Novelties in Phoradendron killipii (Viscaceae): an endemic and rare species from Colombia, pp. 285-290 in Phytotaxa 490 (3)</i> on pages 287-288, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.490.3.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5754962">http://zenodo.org/record/5754962</a&gt

Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil

Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora