2,007 research outputs found
Superposition in a class of nonlinear systems
Characterization of nonlinear systems based on linear algebr
Unveiling The Tree: A Convex Framework for Sparse Problems
This paper presents a general framework for generating greedy algorithms for
solving convex constraint satisfaction problems for sparse solutions by mapping
the satisfaction problem into one of graph traversal on a rooted tree of
unknown topology. For every pre-walk of the tree an initial set of generally
dense feasible solutions is processed in such a way that the sparsity of each
solution increases with each generation unveiled. The specific computation
performed at any particular child node is shown to correspond to an embedding
of a polytope into the polytope received from that nodes parent. Several issues
related to pre-walk order selection, computational complexity and tractability,
and the use of heuristic and/or side information is discussed. An example of a
single-path, depth-first algorithm on a tree with randomized vertex reduction
and a run-time path selection algorithm is presented in the context of sparse
lowpass filter design
Supernarrow spectral peaks near a kinetic phase transition in a driven, nonlinear micromechanical oscillator
We measure the spectral densities of fluctuations of an underdamped nonlinear
micromechanical oscillator. By applying a sufficiently large periodic
excitation, two stable dynamical states are obtained within a particular range
of driving frequency. White noise is injected into the excitation, allowing the
system to overcome the activation barrier and switch between the two states.
While the oscillator predominately resides in one of the two states for most
excitation frequencies, a narrow range of frequencies exist where the
occupations of the two states are approximately equal. At these frequencies,
the oscillator undergoes a kinetic phase transition that resembles the phase
transition of thermal equilibrium systems. We observe a supernarrow peak in the
power spectral densities of fluctuations of the oscillator. This peak is
centered at the excitation frequency and arises as a result of noise-induced
transitions between the two dynamical states.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
A practical scheme for error control using feedback
We describe a scheme for quantum error correction that employs feedback and
weak measurement rather than the standard tools of projective measurement and
fast controlled unitary gates. The advantage of this scheme over previous
protocols (for example Ahn et. al, PRA, 65, 042301 (2001)), is that it requires
little side processing while remaining robust to measurement inefficiency, and
is therefore considerably more practical. We evaluate the performance of our
scheme by simulating the correction of bit-flips. We also consider
implementation in a solid-state quantum computation architecture and estimate
the maximal error rate which could be corrected with current technology.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures. Minor typographic change
Quantum irreversible decoherence behaviour in open quantum systems with few degrees of freedom. Application to 1H NMR reversion experiments in nematic liquid crystals
An experimental study of NMR spin decoherence in nematic liquid crystals (LC)
is presented. Decoherence dynamics can be put in evidence by means of
refocusing experiments of the dipolar interactions. The experimental technique
used in this work is based on the MREV8 pulse sequence. The aim of the work is
to detect the main features of the Irreversible Quantum Decoherence (IQD) in
LC, on the basis of the theory presented by the authors recently. The focus is
laid on experimentally probing the eigen-selection process in the intermediate
time scale, between quantum interference of a closed system and thermalization,
as a signature of the IQD of the open quantum system, as well as on quantifying
the effects of non-idealities as possible sources of signal decays which could
mask the intrinsic IQD. In order to contrast experiment and theory, the theory
was adapted to obtain the IQD function corresponding to the MREV8 reversion
experiments. Non-idealities of the experimental setting are analysed in detail
within this framework and their effects on the observed signal decay are
numerically estimated. It is found that, though these non-idealities could in
principle affect the evolution of the spin dynamics, their influence can be
mitigated and they do not present the characteristic behavior of the IQD. As
unique characteristic of the IQD, the experimental results clearly show the
occurrence of eigen-selectivity in the intermediate timescale, in complete
agreement with the theoretical predictions. We conclude that the
eigen-selection effect is the fingerprint of IQD associated with a quantum open
spin system in LC. Besides, these features of the results account for the
quasi-equilibrium states of the spin system, which were observed previously in
these mesophases, and lead to conclude that the quasi-equilibrium is a definite
stage of the spin dynamics during its evolution towards equilibriu
Discrete-time quadrature feedback cooling of a radio-frequency mechanical resonator
We have employed a feedback cooling scheme, which combines high-frequency
mixing with digital signal processing. The frequency and damping rate of a 2
MHz micromechanical resonator embedded in a dc SQUID are adjusted with the
feedback, and active cooling to a temperature of 14.3 mK is demonstrated. This
technique can be applied to GHz resonators and allows for flexible control
strategies.Comment: To appear in Appl. Phys. Let
Reactant Jetting in Unstable Detonation
We note the common existence of a supersonic jet structure locally embedded within a surrounding transonic flow field in the hitherto unrelated phenomena of unstable gaseous
detonation and hypervelocity blunt body shock wave interaction. Extending prior results that demonstrate the consequences of reduced endothermic reaction rate for the supersonic jet fluid in the blunt body case, we provide an explanation for observations of locally reduced OH PLIF signal in images of the keystone reaction zone structure of weakly unstable detonations. Modeling these flow features as exothermically reacting jets with similarly reduced reaction rates, we demonstrate a mechanism for jetting of bulk pockets of unreacted fluid with potentially differing kinetic pathways into the region behind the primary detonation front of strongly unstable mixtures. We examine the impact of mono-atomic and diatomic diluents on transverse structure. The results yield insight into the mechanisms of transition and characteristic features of both weakly and strongly unstable mixtures
Empowering and assisting natural human mobility: The simbiosis walker
This paper presents the complete development of the Simbiosis Smart Walker. The device is equipped with a set of sensor subsystems to acquire user-machine interaction forces and the temporal evolution of user's feet during gait. The authors present an adaptive filtering technique used for the identification and separation of different components found on the human-machine interaction forces. This technique allowed isolating the components related with the navigational commands and developing a Fuzzy logic controller to guide the device. The Smart Walker was clinically validated at the Spinal Cord Injury Hospital of Toledo - Spain, presenting great acceptability by spinal chord injury patients and clinical staf
Summed Parallel Infinite Impulse Response (SPIIR) Filters For Low-Latency Gravitational Wave Detection
With the upgrade of current gravitational wave detectors, the first detection
of gravitational wave signals is expected to occur in the next decade.
Low-latency gravitational wave triggers will be necessary to make fast
follow-up electromagnetic observations of events related to their source, e.g.,
prompt optical emission associated with short gamma-ray bursts. In this paper
we present a new time-domain low-latency algorithm for identifying the presence
of gravitational waves produced by compact binary coalescence events in noisy
detector data. Our method calculates the signal to noise ratio from the
summation of a bank of parallel infinite impulse response (IIR) filters. We
show that our summed parallel infinite impulse response (SPIIR) method can
retrieve the signal to noise ratio to greater than 99% of that produced from
the optimal matched filter. We emphasise the benefits of the SPIIR method for
advanced detectors, which will require larger template banks.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, for PR
- …