Maternal dietary patterns and acute leukemia in infants: results from a case control study in Mexico

BackgroundChildhood cancer is the leading cause of disease-related mortality among children aged 5–14 years in Mexico, with acute leukemia being the most common cancer among infants. Examining the overall dietary patterns allows for a comprehensive assessment of food and nutrient consumption, providing a more predictive measure of disease risk than individual foods or nutrients. This study aims to evaluate the association between maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and the risk of acute leukemia in Mexican infants.MethodsA hospital-based case–control study was conducted, comparing 109 confirmed acute leukemia cases with 152 age-matched controls. All participants (≤24 months) were identified at hospitals in Mexico City between 2010 and 2019. Data on a posteriori dietary patterns and other relevant variables were collected through structured interviews and dietary questionnaires. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to estimate the association between maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and the risk of acute leukemia in infants.ResultsThe “Balanced & Vegetable-Rich” pattern, characterized by a balanced consumption of various food groups and higher vegetable intake, exhibited a negative association with acute leukemia when compared to the “High Dairy & Cereals” Pattern (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.29, 0.90). We observed that mothers who gave birth to girls and adhered to a healthy dietary pattern during pregnancy exhibited significantly lower odds of their children developing AL compared to those who gave birth to boys [OR = 0.32 (95% CI 0.11, 0.97)]. Our results underscore the significance of maternal nutrition as a modifiable factor in disease prevention and the importance of prenatal health education

Presencia de metales en sedimentos recientes y organismos de la laguna Sontecomapan, Veracruz, México

In this paper are presented the results of the analysis of metals in sediments and biota from Sontecompn lagoon, Veracruz, during 1991-1992. In the sediemnts the metals with higher concentrations were Nickel (Ni), Chromium (Cr), Zinc (Zn), and Cooper (Cu). These elements were lso present in molluks bivalves (Crassostrea rhizophorae and Brchidontes exustus) as well as in the algae ( Cladophoropsis membranacea) and in the aquatic phanerogamae (Ruppia maritima).En este estudio se dan a conocer los niveles de algunos metales (Cu, Co, Cr, Ni, Zn, Cd y Pb) determinados en los sedimentos y organismos bentónicos de la laguna de Sontecomapan, Veracruz durante el periodo de 1991-1992. Los resultdaos muestran que en los sedimentos los metales con mayor concentración fueron: níquel, cromo, zinc y cobre. Estos elementos también estuvieron presentes en los moluscos bivlvos (Crassostrea riophorae y Brachidontes exustus), en la alga (Cladophoris membranacea) y la fanerógama acuática (Ruppia maritima), siendo mas altas las concentraciones en los bivalvos

Proyecto Binacional México-España: “Promoviendo y Generando Competencias Digitales para los Profesionales de la Salud”

Póster y vídeo presentados al 22 Congreso Nacional de Hospitales y Gestión Sanitaria celebrado en Málaga el 15-17 de septiembre de 2021Esta investigación ha sido apoyada por beca de la Fundación Pública Andaluza Progreso y Salud, y Fundación FIMABIS, Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía (EF-0401-2019).YesEsta propuesta se fundamenta en la premisa del Ministerio de Educación del Gobierno de España, la Unión Europea y la UNESCO, donde afirma que, la mayoría del personal de Salud debe reforzar sus habilidades digitales de consulta para mejorar sus buenas prácticas

Transformación digital y formación en competencias. Un proyecto de innovación educativa España-México

Póster y vídeo presentados al VI Congreso Internacional y XII Nacional de la Asociación de Enfermería Comunitaria (AEC). VIII Encuentro Nacional de Tutores y Residentes de Enfermería Familiar y Comunitaria celebrado en Sevilla 27, 28 y 29 de octubre de 2021Esta investigación ha sido apoyada por becas de la fundación pública Andaluza Progreso y Salud, y fundación FIMABIS, Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía (EF-0401-2019).YesLa crisis sanitaria y el distanciamiento social impuesto por la pandemia, ha puesto en evidencia la urgente necesidad que tienen los profesionales de adquirir competencias digitales, que les faculte para atender las tareas de éstos en el nuevo ecosistema de la información y la comunicación en la actual Sociedad del Conocimiento

Advances in Magnetoelectric Materials and Their Application

International audienceThe chapter on “Advances in magnetoelectric materials and their application” updates and complements the review on “Magnetoelectricity” contained in Volume 19 of the present series. Interest in single-phase and composite magnetoelectric multiferroics continues to rise. Current review provides a portrait of the state of the art of magnetoelectric materials, both from the standpoint of basic science and view of applications. In the first part of this edition, the authors deliver a friendly explanation of magnetoelectric multiferroicity from the atomic to mesoscopic scale. Several geometrical aids for understanding the physics of magnetoelectricity are supplied. A representative sample of single-phase magnetoelectrics, considered important today, is characterized. Various types of crystal structures, frequently related to perovskites, occupy much of the attention in the literature and are described in the review. Besides obliged BiFeO3, double perovskites, Aurivillius (layered perovskites) phases, pseudo-cubic perovskites, orthoferrites, and other cases are analyzed. The effect of crystallographic texture on the magnetoelectric performance of polycrystalline single-phased materials is discussed. The wide range of responses that are generated by texture, and its link with magnetic symmetry, is presented. Magnetoelectric composites currently reaffirm themselves as the magnetoelectric materials with best figures of merit and with greater versatility when seeking the ideal material for an intended application. A current research tendency is to take advantage of (electromechanical, magnetic, and magnetoacoustic) resonances to enhance the magnetoelectric performance. The field of applications for magnetoelectricity is growing interestingly. In addition to the clearly identified fields of sensors development, magnetoelectric memories and energy harvesters, new trends in spintronics and medicine are worth remarking for their striking potential. Definitely, regarding the applications of magnetoelectricity, the best is yet to come. © 2015 Elsevier B.V

Advances in Magnetoelectric Materials and Their Application

International audienceThe chapter on “Advances in magnetoelectric materials and their application” updates and complements the review on “Magnetoelectricity” contained in Volume 19 of the present series. Interest in single-phase and composite magnetoelectric multiferroics continues to rise. Current review provides a portrait of the state of the art of magnetoelectric materials, both from the standpoint of basic science and view of applications. In the first part of this edition, the authors deliver a friendly explanation of magnetoelectric multiferroicity from the atomic to mesoscopic scale. Several geometrical aids for understanding the physics of magnetoelectricity are supplied. A representative sample of single-phase magnetoelectrics, considered important today, is characterized. Various types of crystal structures, frequently related to perovskites, occupy much of the attention in the literature and are described in the review. Besides obliged BiFeO3, double perovskites, Aurivillius (layered perovskites) phases, pseudo-cubic perovskites, orthoferrites, and other cases are analyzed. The effect of crystallographic texture on the magnetoelectric performance of polycrystalline single-phased materials is discussed. The wide range of responses that are generated by texture, and its link with magnetic symmetry, is presented. Magnetoelectric composites currently reaffirm themselves as the magnetoelectric materials with best figures of merit and with greater versatility when seeking the ideal material for an intended application. A current research tendency is to take advantage of (electromechanical, magnetic, and magnetoacoustic) resonances to enhance the magnetoelectric performance. The field of applications for magnetoelectricity is growing interestingly. In addition to the clearly identified fields of sensors development, magnetoelectric memories and energy harvesters, new trends in spintronics and medicine are worth remarking for their striking potential. Definitely, regarding the applications of magnetoelectricity, the best is yet to come. © 2015 Elsevier B.V

Long-term impact of an educational antimicrobial stewardship programme in primary care on infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in the community: an interrupted time-series analysis

PIRASOA-FIS team.[Background] There is little evidence on the ecological effect and sustainability of antimicrobial stewardship programmes (ASPs) in primary-care settings. We aimed to determine whether a multimodal, educational ASP would be sustainable in the long-term and reduce the incidence of infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in the community by optimising antibiotic use.[Methods] We did this quasi-experimental intervention study in 214 primary health centres of four primary health-care districts in Andalusia, Spain. Local multidisciplinary teams, comprised of general practitioners, paediatricians, primary-care pharmacists, and epidemiologists, were created in each district and implemented a multimodal, education-based ASP. The core activity of the programme consisted of regular one-to-one educational interviews between a reference interviewing physician and prescribing physicians from each centre on the appropriateness of their most recent (same or preceding day) antibiotic prescriptions based on a structured questionnaire. Appropriate prescribing was defined as compliance of all checklist items with the reference guidelines. An average of five educational interviews were scheduled per prescriber per study year. We did an interrupted time-series analysis to assess the effect of the intervention on quarterly antibiotic use (prescription and collection by the patient) and quality of prescriptions (as defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day) and incidence per 1000 inhabitants of E coli producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) isolated from urine samples.[Findings] The study was done between January, 2012, and December, 2017, in a pre-intervention period of 2012–13 and an intervention period of 2014–17. Throughout the study period, there were 1387 physicians (1116 general practicioners and 271 paediatricians) in the included health centres serving a mean population of 1 937 512 people (299 331 children and 1 638 181 adults). 24 150 educational interviews were done over the 4 years. Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing was identified in 1794 (36·5%) of 4917 educational interviews in 2014 compared with 1793 (26·9%) of 6665 in 2017 (p<0·0001). The intervention was associated with a sustained reduction in the use of ciprofloxacin (relative effect −15·9%, 95% CI −23·9 to −8·0) and cephalosporins (−22·6%, −35·9 to −9·2), and a sustained increase in the use of amoxicillin (22·2%, 6·4 to 38·0) and fosfomycin trometamol (6·1%, 2·6 to 9·6). The incidence density of ESBL-producing E coli decreased by −0·028 cases per 1000 inhabitants (95% CI −0·034 to −0·021) after the start of the programme, reversing the pre-intervention increase and leading to a relative reduction of −65·6% (−68·2 to −63·0) 4 years later.[Interpretation] Our data suggest that implementation of a multimodal ASP in primary care that is based on individual educational interviews improves the use of antibiotics and results in a sustained significant reduction of infections by ESBL-producing E coli in the community. This information should encourage the implementation of ASPs in primary care.Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Government (PI14/01523)