The American academy of general practice: -It's origin, objectives, growth and outlook

No Abstract

Impact-induced acceleration by obstacles

We explore a surprising phenomenon in which an obstruction accelerates, rather than decelerates, a moving flexible object. It has been claimed that the right kind of discrete chain falling onto a table falls \emph{faster} than a free-falling body. We confirm and quantify this effect, reveal its complicated dependence on angle of incidence, and identify multiple operative mechanisms. Prior theories for direct impact onto flat surfaces, which involve a single constitutive parameter, match our data well if we account for a characteristic delay length that must impinge before the onset of excess acceleration. Our measurements provide a robust determination of this parameter. This supports the possibility of modeling such discrete structures as continuous bodies with a complicated constitutive law of impact that includes angle of incidence as an input.Comment: small changes and corrections, added reference

‘Am I not a Man, whose nature is frail, and prone to error?’ An evaluation of Matthew Lewis’s The Monk as a work of tragedy

This dissertation is an argument for the re-evaluation of Matthew Lewis’s Ambrosio the Monk as a figure of tragedy instead of villainy. By identifying the characteristics of tragedy within the Gothic text, Ambrosio can be shown to fulfil the tenets of the tragic hero as established by Aristotle. Because of this, the reader can experience the tragic response of catharsis because of the pity and sympathy that Ambrosio as a tragic hero can inspire in the reader. For sympathy to be extended to the Gothic, a Romantic sensibility of the primacy of the self, analogous to that of the Renaissance humanist, must be established. The development of this Romantic Sensibility is explored with acknowledgement of the influence upon it by the Renaissance tragedians, thus establishing a chain of literary connections from the ancient tragedy to the Romantic Gothic. By recognising the shared humanity of the Gothic villain and the reader, the sympathy and pity necessary for the tragic response is extended to the Gothic villain which is transformed to a figure of tragedy

Life expectancy difference and life expectancy ratio: two measures of treatment effects in randomised trials with non-proportional hazards

The hazard ratio (HR) is the most common measure of treatment effect in clinical trials that use time-to-event outcomes such as survival. When survival curves cross over or separate only after a considerable time, the proportional hazards assumption of the Cox model is violated, and HR can be misleading. We present two measures of treatment effects for situations where the HR changes over time: the life expectancy difference (LED) and life expectancy ratio (LER). LED is the difference between mean survival times in the intervention and control arms. LER is the ratio of these two times. LED and LER can be calculated for at least two time intervals during the trial, allowing for curves where the treatment effect changes over time. The two measures are readily interpretable as absolute and relative gains or losses in life expectancy

Instanton Soliton Loops in 5D super-Yang-Mills

Soliton contributions to perturbative processes in QFT are controlled by a form factor, which depends on the soliton size. We provide a demonstration of this fact in a class of scalar theories with generic moduli spaces. We then argue that for instanton-solitons in 5D super-Yang-Mills theory the analogous form factor does not lead to faster-than-any-power suppression in the perturbative coupling. We also discuss the implications of such contributions for the UV behavior of maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills in 5D and its relation to the (2,0) CFT in 6D. This is a contribution to the proceedings of the "String Math 2013'" conference and is a condensed version of results appearing in 1404.0016 and 1403.5017C.P. is a Royal Society Research Fellow and is partly supported by U.S. DOE Grants DOE- SC0010008, DOE-ARRA-SC0003883 and DOE-DE-SC000789