95 research outputs found
First Detector Guide to Invasive Insects
This is a guide to help first detectors identify invasive insects, including biology, identification, and monitoring
Co-optation & Clientelism: Nested Distributive Politics in China’s Single-Party Dictatorship
What explains the persistent growth of public employment in reform-era
China despite repeated and forceful downsizing campaigns? Why do some provinces
retain more public employees and experience higher rates of bureaucratic expansion
than others? Among electoral regimes, the creation and distribution of public jobs is
typically attributed to the politics of vote buying and multi-party competition. Electoral
factors, however, cannot explain the patterns observed in China’s single-party dictatorship. This study highlights two nested factors that influence public employment in
China: party co-optation and personal clientelism. As a collective body, the ruling party
seeks to co-opt restive ethnic minorities by expanding cadre recruitment in hinterland
provinces. Within the party, individual elites seek to expand their own networks of
power by appointing clients to office. The central government’s professed objective of
streamlining bureaucracy is in conflict with the party’s co-optation goal and individual
elites’ clientelist interest. As a result, the size of public employment has inflated during
the reform period despite top-down mandates to downsize bureaucracy.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/116599/1/Ang, Cooptation & Clientelism, posted 2016-01.pdfDescription of Ang, Cooptation & Clientelism, posted 2016-01.pdf : First Onlin
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Fighting a Fire in Number 59 Mine, Peabody Coal Company, Springfield, Sangamon County, Illinois
Report issued by the U.S. Bureau of Mines discussing an electrical fire in the No. 59 mine in Springfield, Illinois. Details surrounding the fire are presented. This report includes tables, maps, and illustrations
Patterns of Diversity in the Symbiotic Mite Assemblage of the Mountain Pine Beetle, Dendroctonus Ponderosae Hopkins
The mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae (Coleoptera: Scolytinae), is an economically important bark beetle species with a wide geographic range spanning from the southwestern United States into northern Canada. This beetle causes extensive tree mortality to 13 pine species. Mites (Acari) are common and abundant symbionts of mountain beetles that may influence their fitness through positive and negative interactions. We present a unique assessment of the mite associates of mountain pine beetles using measures of alpha and beta diversity. We sampled phoretic mites from five beetle populations: Arizona, Colorado, South Dakota, Utah (USA), and Alberta (Canada) that varied in host tree species, local climate, and beetle population level. We collected 4848 mites from 8 genera and 12 species. Fifty to seventy percent of beetles carried mites in flight with the highest mite loads occurring in middle and southern populations; decreasing in northern populations. Mite assemblages (i.e., both richness and composition) varied along a south to north latitudinal gradient and were driven by species turnover (i.e., species replacement). Differences in mite composition increased with distance between populations. We discuss climatic variation, environmental filtering, and host tree differences as factors that could affect differences in mite composition between beetle populations and discuss implications for functional shifts. Our results could represent a model for estimating diversity patterns of mite symbionts associated with other major insect pests in coniferous forest systems
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