9 research outputs found
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Paediatric Ewing-like sarcoma arising from the cranium – a unique diagnostic challenge
The nonlinear effect of financial and fiscal policies on poverty alleviation in China—An empirical analysis of Chinese 382 impoverished counties with PSTR models
AMADEUS-The acoustic neutrino detection test system of the ANTARES deep-sea neutrino telescope
The AMADEUS (ANTARES Modules for the Acoustic Detection Under the Sea) system
which is described in this article aims at the investigation of techniques for
acoustic detection of neutrinos in the deep sea. It is integrated into the
ANTARES neutrino telescope in the Mediterranean Sea. Its acoustic sensors,
installed at water depths between 2050 and 2300 m, employ piezo-electric
elements for the broad-band recording of signals with frequencies ranging up to
125 kHz. The typical sensitivity of the sensors is around -145 dB re 1V/muPa
(including preamplifier). Completed in May 2008, AMADEUS consists of six
"acoustic clusters", each comprising six acoustic sensors that are arranged at
distances of roughly 1 m from each other. Two vertical mechanical structures
(so-called lines) of the ANTARES detector host three acoustic clusters each.
Spacings between the clusters range from 14.5 to 340 m. Each cluster contains
custom-designed electronics boards to amplify and digitise the acoustic signals
from the sensors. An on-shore computer cluster is used to process and filter
the data stream and store the selected events. The daily volume of recorded
data is about 10 GB. The system is operating continuously and automatically,
requiring only little human intervention. AMADEUS allows for extensive studies
of both transient signals and ambient noise in the deep sea, as well as signal
correlations on several length scales and localisation of acoustic point
sources. Thus the system is excellently suited to assess the background
conditions for the measurement of the bipolar pulses expected to originate from
neutrino interactions.Comment: 36 pages, 19 figures; v3: Line numbers removed (no changes to text
Nanoneedle-Covered Pd−Ag Nanotubes: High Electrocatalytic Activity for Formic Acid Oxidation
Multiplicity dependence of light-flavor hadron production in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV
Comprehensive results on the production of unidentified charged
particles, pi(+/-), K-+/-, K-s(0), K*(892)(0), p, (p) over bar,
phi(1020), Lambda, (Lambda) over bar, Xi(-) , (Xi) over bar (+),
Omega(-), and (Omega) over bar (+) hadrons in proton-proton (pp)
collisions at root s = 7 TeV at midrapidity (vertical bar y vertical bar
< 0.5) as a function of charged-particle multiplicity density are
presented. In order to avoid autocorrelation biases, the actual
transverse momentum (p(T)) spectra of the particles under study and the
event activity are measured in different rapidity windows. In the
highest multiplicity class, the charged-particle density reaches about
3.5 times the value measured in inelastic collisions. While the yield of
protons normalized to pions remains approximately constant as a function
of multiplicity, the corresponding ratios of strange hadrons to pions
show a significant enhancement that increases with increasing
strangeness content. Furthermore, all identified particleto-pion ratios
are shown to depend solely on charged-particle multiplicity density,
regardless of system type and collision energy. The evolution of the
spectral shapes with multiplicity and hadron mass shows patterns that
are similar to those observed in p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions at Large
Hadron Collider energies. The obtained p(T), distributions and yields
are compared to expectations from QCD-based pp event generators as well
as to predictions from thermal and hydrodynamic models. These
comparisons indicate that traces of a collective, equilibrated system
are already present in high-multiplicity pp collisions
Multiplicity dependence of light-flavor hadron production in pp collisions at s =7 TeV
Comprehensive results on the production of unidentified charged particles, π±, K±, KS0, K∗(892)0, p, p, φ(1020), Λ, Λ, Ξ-, Ξ+, Ω-, and Ω+ hadrons in proton-proton (pp) collisions at s=7 TeV at midrapidity (|y|<0.5) as a function of charged-particle multiplicity density are presented. In order to avoid autocorrelation biases, the actual transverse momentum (pT) spectra of the particles under study and the event activity are measured in different rapidity windows. In the highest multiplicity class, the charged-particle density reaches about 3.5 times the value measured in inelastic collisions. While the yield of protons normalized to pions remains approximately constant as a function of multiplicity, the corresponding ratios of strange hadrons to pions show a significant enhancement that increases with increasing strangeness content. Furthermore, all identified particle-to-pion ratios are shown to depend solely on charged-particle multiplicity density, regardless of system type and collision energy. The evolution of the spectral shapes with multiplicity and hadron mass shows patterns that are similar to those observed in p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions at Large Hadron Collider energies. The obtained pT distributions and yields are compared to expectations from QCD-based pp event generators as well as to predictions from thermal and hydrodynamic models. These comparisons indicate that traces of a collective, equilibrated system are already present in high-multiplicity pp collisions
Multiplicity dependence of light-flavor hadron production in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV
Comprehensive results on the production of unidentified charged particles, \u3c0\ub1, K\ub1, KS0, K 17(892)0, p, p, \u3c6(1020), and Omega+ hadrons in proton-proton (pp) collisions at 1as = 7 TeV at midrapidity (|y| < 0.5) as a function of charged-particle multiplicity density are presented. In order to avoid autocorrelation biases, the actual transverse momentum (pT) spectra of the particles under study and the event activity are measured in different rapidity windows. In the highest multiplicity class, the charged-particle density reaches about 3.5 times the value measured in inelastic collisions. While the yield of protons normalized to pions remains approximately constant as a function of multiplicity, the corresponding ratios of strange hadrons to pions show a significant enhancement that increases with increasing strangeness content. Furthermore, all identified particle- to-pion ratios are shown to depend solely on charged-particle multiplicity density, regardless of system type and collision energy. The evolution of the spectral shapes with multiplicity and hadron mass shows patterns that are similar to those observed in p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions at Large Hadron Collider energies. The obtained pT distributions and yields are compared to expectations from QCD-based pp event generators as well as to predictions from thermal and hydrodynamic models. These comparisons indicate that traces of a collective, equilibrated system are already present in high-multiplicity pp collisions