26,595 research outputs found
Non-Perturbative U(1) Gauge Theory at Finite Temperature
For compact U(1) lattice gauge theory (LGT) we have performed a finite size
scaling analysis on lattices for fixed by
extrapolating spatial volumes of size to . Within the
numerical accuracy of the thus obtained fits we find for , 5 and~6
second order critical exponents, which exhibit no obvious
dependence. The exponents are consistent with 3d Gaussian values, but not with
either first order transitions or the universality class of the 3d XY model. As
the 3d Gaussian fixed point is known to be unstable, the scenario of a yet
unidentified non-trivial fixed point close to the 3d Gaussian emerges as one of
the possible explanations.Comment: Extended version after referee reports. 6 pages, 6 figure
Structure of the Energy Landscape of Short Peptides
We have simulated, as a showcase, the pentapeptide Met-enkephalin
(Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met) to visualize the energy landscape and investigate the
conformational coverage by the multicanonical method. We have obtained a
three-dimensional topographic picture of the whole energy landscape by plotting
the histogram with respect to energy(temperature) and the order parameter,
which gives the degree of resemblance of any created conformation with the
global energy minimum (GEM).Comment: 17 pages, 4 figure
Polyunsaturated fatty acid-derived lipid mediators and T cell function
Copyright Β© 2014 Nicolaou, Mauro, Urquhart and Marelli-Berg . This is an open-
access article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License
(CC BY)
. The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided
the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this
journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or
reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms
Polyunsaturated fatty acid-derived lipid mediators and T cell function
Copyright Β© 2014 Nicolaou, Mauro, Urquhart and Marelli-Berg . This is an open-
access article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License
(CC BY)
. The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided
the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this
journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or
reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms
Density of states and Fisher's zeros in compact U(1) pure gauge theory
We present high-accuracy calculations of the density of states using
multicanonical methods for lattice gauge theory with a compact gauge group U(1)
on 4^4, 6^4 and 8^4 lattices. We show that the results are consistent with weak
and strong coupling expansions. We present methods based on Chebyshev
interpolations and Cauchy theorem to find the (Fisher's) zeros of the partition
function in the complex beta=1/g^2 plane. The results are consistent with
reweighting methods whenever the latter are accurate. We discuss the volume
dependence of the imaginary part of the Fisher's zeros, the width and depth of
the plaquette distribution at the value of beta where the two peaks have equal
height. We discuss strategies to discriminate between first and second order
transitions and explore them with data at larger volume but lower statistics.
Higher statistics and even larger lattices are necessary to draw strong
conclusions regarding the order of the transition.Comment: 14 pages, 16 figure
Multi-Overlap Simulations for Transitions between Reference Configurations
We introduce a new procedure to construct weight factors, which flatten the
probability density of the overlap with respect to some pre-defined reference
configuration. This allows one to overcome free energy barriers in the overlap
variable. Subsequently, we generalize the approach to deal with the overlaps
with respect to two reference configurations so that transitions between them
are induced. We illustrate our approach by simulations of the brainpeptide
Met-enkephalin with the ECEPP/2 energy function using the global-energy-minimum
and the second lowest-energy states as reference configurations. The free
energy is obtained as functions of the dihedral and the root-mean-square
distances from these two configurations. The latter allows one to identify the
transition state and to estimate its associated free energy barrier.Comment: 12 pages, (RevTeX), 14 figures, Phys. Rev. E, submitte
On the Wang-Landau Method for Off-Lattice Simulations in the "Uniform" Ensemble
We present a rigorous derivation for off-lattice implementations of the
so-called "random-walk" algorithm recently introduced by Wang and Landau [PRL
86, 2050 (2001)]. Originally developed for discrete systems, the algorithm
samples configurations according to their inverse density of states using
Monte-Carlo moves; the estimate for the density of states is refined at each
simulation step and is ultimately used to calculate thermodynamic properties.
We present an implementation for atomic systems based on a rigorous separation
of kinetic and configurational contributions to the density of states. By
constructing a "uniform" ensemble for configurational degrees of freedom--in
which all potential energies, volumes, and numbers of particles are equally
probable--we establish a framework for the correct implementation of simulation
acceptance criteria and calculation of thermodynamic averages in the continuum
case. To demonstrate the generality of our approach, we perform sample
calculations for the Lennard-Jones fluid using two implementation variants and
in both cases find good agreement with established literature values for the
vapor-liquid coexistence locus.Comment: 21 pages, 4 figure
Entropy-based analysis of the number partitioning problem
In this paper we apply the multicanonical method of statistical physics on
the number-partitioning problem (NPP). This problem is a basic NP-hard problem
from computer science, and can be formulated as a spin-glass problem. We
compute the spectral degeneracy, which gives us information about the number of
solutions for a given cost and cardinality . We also study an extension
of this problem for partitions. We show that a fundamental difference on
the spectral degeneracy of the generalized () NPP exists, which could
explain why it is so difficult to find good solutions for this case. The
information obtained with the multicanonical method can be very useful on the
construction of new algorithms.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Thermodynamics of two lattice ice models in three dimensions
In a recent paper we introduced two Potts-like models in three dimensions,
which share the following properties: (A) One of the ice rules is always
fulfilled (in particular also at infinite temperature). (B) Both ice rules hold
for groundstate configurations. This allowed for an efficient calculation of
the residual entropy of ice I (ordinary ice) by means of multicanonical
simulations. Here we present the thermodynamics of these models. Despite their
similarities with Potts models, no sign of a disorder-order phase transition is
found.Comment: 5 pages, 7 figure
Glauber dynamics of phase transitions: SU(3) lattice gauge theory
Motivated by questions about the QCD deconfining phase transition, we studied
in two previous papers Model A (Glauber) dynamics of 2D and 3D Potts models,
focusing on structure factor evolution under heating (heating in the gauge
theory notation, i.e., cooling of the spin systems). In the present paper we
set for 3D Potts models (Ising and 3-state) the scale of the dynamical effects
by comparing to equilibrium results at first and second order phase transition
temperatures, obtained by re-weighting from a multicanonical ensemble. Our
finding is that the dynamics entirely overwhelms the critical and non-critical
equilibrium effects.
In the second half of the paper we extend our results by investigating the
Glauber dynamics of pure SU(3) lattice gauge on
lattices directly under heating quenches from the confined into the deconfined
regime. The exponential growth factors of the initial response are calculated,
which give Debye screening mass estimates. The quench leads to competing vacuum
domains of distinct triality, which delay equilibration of pure gauge
theory forever, while their role in full QCD remains a subtle question. As in
spin systems we find for pure SU(3) gauge theory a dynamical growth of
structure factors, reaching maxima which scale approximately with the volume of
the system, before settling down to equilibrium. Their influence on various
observables is studied and different lattice sizes are simulated to illustrate
an approach to a finite volume continuum limit. Strong correlations are found
during the dynamical process, but not in the deconfined phase at equilibrium.Comment: 12 pages, 18 figure
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