Questions for evaluating the performance of energy management systems

Розглянуто ключові моменти оцінки ефективності функціонування систем енергетичного менеджменту. У роботі показано, що для ефективного функціонування систем енергетичного менеджменту необхідно проводити періодичну оцінку ефективності їх функціонування. У роботі зазначено, що визначення рівня ефективності функціонування систем енергетичного менеджменту є складною науковою задачею. Для вирішення цього завдання в статті запропоновано методику оцінки та сформований набір критеріїв оцінки.Key issues for evaluating the performance of energy management systems was considered. It is shown that the efficient operation of energy management systems, a regular assessment of the effectiveness of their operation is needed. The paper noted that the determination of the level of efficiency of energy management systems is a complex scientific task. To solve this problem, the article proposed a methodology to assess and create a set of evaluation criteria.Рассмотрены ключевые моменты оценки эффективности функционирования систем энергетического менеджмента. В работе показано, что для эффективного функционирования систем энергетического менеджмента необходимо проводить периодическую оценку эффективности их функционирования. В работе отмечено, что определение уровня эффективности функционирования систем энергетического менеджмента является сложной научной задачей. Для решения этой задачи в статье предложено методику оценки и сформирован набор критериев оценки

Activity detection in conversational sign language video for mobile telecommunication

The goal of the MobileASL project is to increase accessibility by making the mobile telecommunications network available to the signing Deaf community. Video cell phones enable Deaf users to communicate in their native language, American Sign Language (ASL). However, encoding and transmission of real-time video over cell phones is a powerintensive task that can quickly drain the battery. By recognizing activity in the conversational video, we can drop the frame rate during less important segments without significantly harming intelligibility, thus reducing the computational burden. This recognition must take place from video in real-time on a cell phone processor, on users that wear no special clothing. In this work, we quantify the power savings from droppin

Temperature dependence of the probability of "small heating" and total losses of ucns on the surface of fomblin oils of different molecular mass

We measured the temperature dependence of the probability of small heating and total losses of UCNs on the PFPE Fomblin Y surface with various molecular masses Mw=2800, 3300, 6500 amu in the temperature range of 100-300 K. The probability of small heating sharply decreases with increasing Mw and decreasing temperature. The probability of total loss weakly decreases with decreasing temperature and takes the minimum value at Mw=3300 amu. As this oil provides a homogeneous surface with minimal probabilities of small heating and total losses of UCNs, it is the preferred candidate for experiments on measuring the neutron lifetime

Effects of low frequency ultrasound on some properties of fibrinogen and its plasminolysis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Pharmacological thrombolysis with streptokinase, urokinase or tissue activator of plasminogen (t-PA), and mechanical interventions are frequently used in the treatment of both arterial and venous thrombotic diseases. It has been previously reported that application of ultrasound as an adjunct to thrombolytic therapy offers unique potential to improve effectiveness. However, little is known about effects of the ultrasound on proteins of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. Here, we investigated the effects of the ultrasound on fibrinogen on processes of coagulation and fibrinogenolysis in an <it>in vitro </it>system.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Our study demonstrated that low frequency high intensity pulse ultrasound (25.1 kHz, 48.4 W/cm2, duty 50%) induced denaturation of plasminogen and t-PA and fibrinogen aggregates formation <it>in vitro</it>. The aggregates were characterized by the loss of clotting ability and a greater rate of plasminolysis than native fibrinogen. We investigated the effect of the ultrasound on individual proteins. In case of plasminogen and t-PA, ultrasound led to a decrease of the fibrinogenolysis rate, while it increased the fibrinogenolysis rate in case of fibrinogen. It has been shown that upon ultrasound treatment of mixture fibrinogen or fibrin with plasminogen, t-PA, or both, the rate of proteolytic digestion of fibrin(ogen) increases too. It has been shown that summary effect on the fibrin(ogen) proteolytic degradation under the conditions for combined ultrasound treatment is determined exclusively by effect on fibrin(ogen).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The data presented here suggest that among proteins of fibrinolytic systems, the fibrinogen is one of the most sensitive proteins to the action of ultrasound. It has been shown <it>in vitro </it>that ultrasound induced fibrinogen aggregates formation, characterized by the loss of clotting ability and a greater rate of plasminolysis than native fibrinogen in different model systems and under different mode of ultrasound treatment. Under ultrasound treatment of plasminogen and/or t-PA in the presence of fibrin(ogen) the stabilizing effect fibrin(ogen) on given proteins was shown. On the other hand, an increase in the rate of fibrin(ogen) lysis was observed due to both the change in the substrate structure and promoting of the protein-protein complexes formation.</p

Description of Steel Properties in Modeling of Emergency Situations

Расчеты деформирования конструкций на стадии предразрушения и разрушения необходимы по двум причинам. Во-первых, они позволяют перейти от формулировок, удобных специалистам в расчетах на прочность (коэффициент запаса по напряжениям или деформациям), к формулировкам, которые могут быть напрямую использованы эксплуатационниками (запас по нагрузке, перемещениям, длительности эксплуатации). Во-вторых, такие расчеты необходимы для выполнения риск-анализа, требующего расчетного предсказания сценария и последствий аварии. Характеристики материала, необходимые для расчета стадии предразрушения и разрушения, зависят от метода этого расчета. и заложенных в него предположений. При использовании МКЭ в геометрически нелинейной постановке таким способом является использование истинной диаграммы деформирования в напряжениях. В работе предложена процедура, которая позволяет восстанавливать истинные диаграммы деформирования только с использованием справочных характеристик материалов. Найденные диаграммы в некоторых случаях заметно отличаются от получаемых с использованием традиционных аппроксимаций (например, Рамберга-Осгуда).Calculations of structures behavior at the stage of pre-fracture and fracture are necessary for two reasons. First, they allow us to shift from formulations that are convenient for specialists in strength calculations (the safety factor for stresses or deformations), to formulations that can be directly used by operators (load, displacement, operation time). Secondly, such calculations are necessary to carry out a risk analysis that requires a calculated prediction of the scenario and the consequences of the accident. The material characteristics required for the calculation of the pre-fracture and fracture stage depend on the method of this calculation and the assumptions put into it. When FEM is used in a geometrically nonlinear setting, this method uses the true stress-strain diagram. The proposed procedure allows to restore the true stress-strain diagrams by the reference characteristics of the materials only (yield strength, ultimate strength, elongation, necking). The found diagrams in some cases differ markedly from those obtained with the use of traditional approximations (for example, Ramberg-Osgood)

2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: executive summary.

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2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: executive summary.

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RESULTS OF INTRAMYOCARDIAL ADMINISTRATION OF A MONONUCLEAR FRACTION OF AUTOLOGOUS BONE MARROW CELLS IN CHD PATIENTS WITH CONCOMITANT CARDIAINSUFFICIENCY

Aim. Evaluation of long-term results of drug therapy and intramyocardial administration of a mononuclear fraction of bone marrow cells in CHD patients with chronic cardiac insufficiency. Materials and methods. 109 patients were randomized into two groups by using an envelope method. Intramyocardial administration of a mononuclear fraction of autologous bone marrow cells and cardiac insufficiency therapy were performed for the 1st group (n = 55), while the 2nd group (n = 54) received drug therapy only. All patients underwent clinical examination at admission and at 6 and 12 months after the onset of the study. Results. In the 1st group the angina functional class was reliably lowered (from 3.3 ± 0.2 at the onset of the study down to 2.5 ± 0.1 after 12 months). The distance covered during a 6-minute walk test increased from the initial 185 ± 39 meters up to 359 ± 69 me- ters by the end of the 12th month. The angina class decreased from 3.1 ± 0.4 at the onset of the study down to 1.6 ± 0.4 by the end of the 12th month. Minnesota Life Quality Index reduced from 65.3 ± 21 points down to 22.4 ± 6 points in the first group, while in the control one it decreased down to 59.9 ± 16 points. On the contrary, cardiac insufficiency in patients of the second group tended to continually progress: from NYHA FC 3.5 ± 0.1 at the beginning of the study up to 3.9 ± 0.1 in the course of 12-month observation. The angina class remained the same (3.5 ± 0.5 at the beginning and 3.5 ± 0.4 after 12 months respectively). Conclusion. Intramyocardial implantation of a mononuclear fraction of autologous bone marrow cells is a safe method that contributes to the improvement of the left ventricular function, clinical data and prognosis

Nanostructured AlNiCoFeCrTi high entropy coating performed by cold spray

In this work, solid-state mechanical alloying (MA) and cold spraying (CS) processes were applied to fabricate powder AlNiCoFeCrTi high-entropy alloy (HEA) and then to produce HE coatings on steel substrate. Shot-time MA for 3 h has been employed to synthesize nanostructured equiatomic AlNiCoFeCrTi HEA of metastable supersaturated substitutional solid solution with bcc crystal structure. Although alloying is not complete at this shot milling time, it goes to completion during thermal annealing to achieve the alloy formation. XRD study on mechanically alloyed high-entropy AlNiCoFeCrTi alloy after thermal annealing at 1200 °C for 1 h revealed the formation of a three-phase structure consisting of ordered bcc phase with fine precipitates of intermetallic σ-phase (FeCr) and titanium carbide TiC. The powder agglomerates resulted from annealing were grinded in a ball mill for 1 h. Nanostructured disordered bcc solid solution, TiC and σ-phases are noticed after milling. Coatings of 450 μm in mean thickness were deposited by the CS process using an air like a working gas, temperature and pressure of 450 °C and 0.9 MPa, respectively. The experimental results confirm that CS process can be used to produce HE coatings with low porosity. As a low-temperature deposition process, CS completely retained the HEA phase composition and nanostructure in the coating without any phase transformation. The AlFeNiCoCrTi HE coatings exhibit 10.3±0.3 GPa in Vickers hardness

КЛИНИКО-МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ МОНОНУКЛЕАРНОЙ ФРАКЦИИ АУТОЛОГИЧНЫХ КЛЕТОК КОСТНОГО МОЗГА ПРИ ЭНДОМИОКАРДИАЛЬНОЙ ИМПЛАНТАЦИИ У БОЛЬНОГО С ВЫРАЖЕННОЙ ИШЕМИЧЕСКОЙ ДИСФУНКЦИЕЙ МИОКАРДА ЛЕВОГО ЖЕЛУДОЧКА

Aim. The purpose of this study is to conduct clinic-morphological analysis following intramyocardial administration of a mononuclear fraction of bone marrow stem cells in a CHF patient suffering from ischemic heart disease. In October 2007 the patient underwent surgery, with a mononuclear fraction of bone marrow stem cells implanted with the use of a NOGA system. The patient was then put on a waiting list for heart transplantation. After 2-year follow-up amelioration was observed, LVEF increased from 22 to 27%, LF end systolic volume dropped from 265 ml to 250 ml. All these positive developments indicated the stabilization of hemodynamic indicators and enabled to wait for orthotopic heart transplantation which was performed in December 2009. Цель. Представить результаты клинико-морфологического исследования после интрамиокардиального введения мононуклеарной фракции клеток костного мозга, выполненного пациенту с хронической сердечной недостаточностью при ишемической болезни сердца. В октябре 2007 года больному проводилась операция интрамиокардиальной имплантации мононуклеарной фракции клеток костного мозга с использованием системы NOGA. С этого же времени пациент был включен в лист ожидания трансплантации сердца. Отмеченное у больного по истечении двухлетнего срока наблюдения улучшение самочувствия, увеличение фракции выброса левого желудочка с 22 до 27%, снижение конечно-систолического объема левого желудочка с 265 мл до 250 мл указывало на стабилизацию гемодинамических показателей и позволило дождаться ортотопической пересадки сердца, которая была выполнена в декабре 2009 года.