Drought yield index to select high yielding rice lines under different drought stress severities

BACKGROUND Drought is the most severe abiotic stress reducing rice yield in rainfed drought prone ecosystems. Variation in intensity and severity of drought from season to season and place to place requires cultivation of rice varieties with different level of drought tolerance in different areas. Multi environment evaluation of breeding lines helps breeder to identify appropriate genotypes for areas prone to similar level of drought stress. From a set of 129 advanced rice (Oryza sativa L.) breeding lines evaluated under rainfed drought-prone situations at three locations in eastern India from 2005 to 2007, a subset of 39 genotypes that were tested for two or more years was selected to develop a drought yield index (DYI) and mean yield index (MYI) based on yield under irrigated, moderate and severe reproductive-stage drought stress to help breeders select appropriate genotypes for different environments. RESULTS ARB 8 and IR55419-04 recorded the highest drought yield index (DYI) and are identified as the best drought-tolerant lines. The proposed DYI provides a more effective assessment as it is calculated after accounting for a significant genotype x stress-level interaction across environments. For rainfed areas with variable frequency of drought occurrence, Mean yield index (MYI) along with deviation in performance of genotypes from currently cultivated popular varieties in all situations helps to select genotypes with a superior performance across irrigated, moderate and severe reproductive-stage drought situations. IR74371-70-1-1 and DGI 75 are the two genotypes identified to have shown a superior performance over IR64 and MTU1010 under all situations. CONCLUSION For highly drought-prone areas, a combination of DYI with deviation in performance of genotypes under irrigated situations can enable breeders to select genotypes with no reduction in yield under favorable environments compared with currently cultivated varieties. For rainfed areas with variable frequency of drought stress, use of MYI together with deviation in performance of genotypes under different situations as compared to presently cultivated varieties will help breeders to select genotypes with superior performance under all situations.Anitha Raman, Satish Verulkar B, Nimai Mandal P, Mukund Variar, V Shukla D, J Dwivedi L, B Singh N, O Singh N, Padmini Swain, Ashutosh Mall K, S Robin, R Chandrababu, Abhinav Jain, Tilatoo Ram, Shailaja Hittalmani, Stephan Haefele, Hans-Peter Piepho, and Arvind Kuma

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Not AvailableThe Azolla-Anabaena symbiosis is distinguished by its high productivity and ability to fix nitrogen at high rates. As a result, numerous studies on this association have been conducted over the last few decades, with insufficient synthesis and coordination. As a result, this paper attempts to review and summarise previous and recent findings on the biology and applications of azolla in the hope of facilitating increased future collaborative research on this green gold mine. Azolla is a plant in the Azolla genus. Azolla derived from water can be used as human food, animal feed, green manure, organic fertiliser and to increase soil fertility, as well as for biological wastewater remediation and salt soil reclamation. Because of its high nutritional quality and protein content, azolla is suitable for human consumption as well as as a feed additive for a variety of animals such as fish, ducks, cattle, poultry and others to reduce feed costs. It is also used in the production of biogas and hydrogen, as well as as astronaut food in space. This review provides an overview of Azolla’s benefits as well as new developments in its various fields of application.Not Availabl

High-yielding, drought-tolerant, stable rice genotypes for the shallow rainfed lowland drought-prone ecosystem

Abstract not availableA. Kumar, S.B. Verulkar, N.P. Mandal, M. Variar, V.D. Shukla, J.L. Dwivedi, B.N. Singh, O.N. Singh, P. Swain, A.K. Mall, S. Robin, R. Chandrababu, A. Jain, S.M. Haefele, H.P. Piepho and A. Rama

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Breeding resilient and productive genotypes adapted to drought-prone rainfed ecosystem of India

Abstract not availableS.B. Verulkar ... S. Haefele ... et al

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