25th Annual Midwest/Midsouth Estate Planning Institute

Materials from UK/CLE\u27s 25th Annual Midwest/Midsouth Estate Planning Institute held in July 1998

Reversibility of the homolytic acylation. Substitution of acyl groups in protonated heteroaromatic bases by nucleophilic free radicals

Nucleophilic alkyl and acyl radicals effect homolytic substitution of acyl groups in protonated heteroaromatic compounds ; the results indicate the reversibility of the addition of the acyl radicals to heteroaromatic bases

A mutation in the FZL gene of Arabidopsis causing alteration in chloroplast morphology results in a lesion mimic phenotype

Lesion mimic mutants (LMMs) are a class of mutants in which hypersensitive cell death and defence responses are constitutively activated in the absence of pathogen attack. Various signalling molecules, such as salicylic acid (SA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), Ca2+, ethylene, and jasmonate, are involved in the regulation of multiple pathways controlling hypersensitive response (HR) activation, and LMMs are considered useful tools to understand the role played by the key elements of the HR cell death signalling cascade. Here the characterization of an Arabidopsis LMM lacking the function of the FZL gene is reported. This gene encodes a membrane-remodelling GTPase playing an essential role in the determination of thylakoid and chloroplast morphology. The mutant displayed alteration in chloroplast number, size, and shape, and the typical characteristics of an LMM, namely development of chlorotic lesions on rosette leaves and constitutive expression of genetic and biochemical markers associated with defence responses. The chloroplasts are a major source of ROS, and the characterization of this mutant suggests that their accumulation, triggered by damage to the chloroplast membranes, is a signal sufficient to start the HR signalling cascade, thus confrming the central role of the chloroplast in HR activation

Ancient Solomon Islands mtDNA: assessing Holocene settlement and the impact of European contact

International audienc

Entre espace et paysage

Dans le présent numéro, vingt-et-un chercheurs provenant de différents horizons disciplinaires se proposent d’explorer l’insaisissable multiplicité des « visions » culturelles liées aux notions d’espace et de paysage. Leurs interventions ont été présentées lors de deux colloques interdisciplinaires consacrés à la représentation de l’espace et du paysage dans les sciences humaines, organisés en 2011 par la Formation doctorale interdisciplinaire de la Faculté des lettres de l’Université de Lausanne et par le « Laboratorio internazionale sul paesaggio » di S. Biagio della Cima. En parcourant ces essais, le lecteur pourra suivre le fil d’une réflexion collective qui montre à quel point toute délimitation spatiale et tout cadrage paysager relèvent d’une expérience de reconnaissance identitaire, individuelle et culturelle. Les espaces et les paysages dits « réels » se présentent finalement comme des systèmes complexes, formés par plusieurs couches d’énonciations verbales et non verbales, et comme des discours qu’on peut essayer de traduire ou de laisser partiellement émerger