110 research outputs found
Bacteremia After Prophylaxis II
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141639/1/jper0371.pd
Weight regain after behavioural weight management programmes and its impact on quality of life and cost effectiveness: evidence synthesis and health economic analyses
Aims
We used data from a recent systematic review to investigate weight regain after behavioural weight management programmes (BWMPs, sometimes referred to as lifestyle modification programmes) and its impact on quality-of-life and cost-effectiveness.
Materials and Methods
Trial registries, databases and forward-citation searching (latest search December 2019) were used to identify randomized trials of BWMPs in adults with overweight/obesity reporting outcomes at âĽ12âmonths, and after programme end. Two independent reviewers screened records. One reviewer extracted data and a second checked them. The differences between intervention and control groups were synthesized using mixed-effect, meta-regression and time-to-event models. We examined associations between weight difference and difference in quality-of-life. Cost-effectiveness was estimated from a health sector perspective.
Results
In total, 155 trials (nâ>â150â000) contributed to analyses. The longest follow-up was 23âyears post-programme. At programme end, intervention groups achieved â2.8 kg (95%CI â3.2 to â2.4) greater weight loss than controls. Weight regain after programme end was 0.12-0.32âkg/year greater in intervention relative to control groups, with a between-group difference evident for at least 5âyears. Quality-of-life increased in intervention groups relative to control at programme end and thereafter returned to control as the difference in weight between groups diminished. BWMPs with this initial weight loss and subsequent regain would be cost-effective if delivered for under ÂŁ560 (ÂŁ8.80-ÂŁ3900) per person.
Conclusions
Modest rates of weight regain, with persistent benefits for several years, should encourage health care practitioners and policymakers to offer obesity treatments that cost less than our suggested thresholds as a cost-effective intervention to improve long-term weight management
Experimental validation of a non-contact, non-line of sight displacement sensor for SHM
This work investigates the possibility of developing a non-contact, non-line of sight sensor to measure interstorey
drift through simulation and experimental validation.
⢠The method uses frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar to measure displacement. This method is
commonly in use in a number of modern applications, including aircraft altimeters and automotive parking sensors.
⢠The technique avoids numerous problems found in contemporary structural health monitoring methods, namely
integral drift errors and structural modification requirements.
⢠The smallest achievable detection error in displacement was found to be as low as 0.26%, through simulated against
the displacement response of a single degree of freedom structure subject to ground motion excitation.
⢠This was verified during experimentation, when a corner-style reflector was placed on a shake table running ground
motion data taken from the 4th September 2010 earthquake in Christchurch. These results confirmed the
conclusions drawn from simulation
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