Sarcomas de partes blandas. Análisis de 42 casos

El objetivo de este estudio es valorar el pronóstico a largo plazo de una serie de pacientes tratados en nuestro hospital en relación con diversos factores clínicos, diagnósticos y terapéuticos que podrían condicionarlo. Se revisaron 123 pacientes tratado por tumores malignos de partes blandas entre los años 1979 y 1999, de estos solo 42 cumplieron las características para incluirles en nuestro estudio. Se valoró su evolución teniendo en cuenta las variables pronosticas identificadas en trabajos previamente publicados y nuestra propia experiencia y se realizó el estudio estadístico de las mismas. En el análisis estadístico del estudio se utilizó el programa SPSS versión 8.0WIN y se realizó el análisis de supervivencia mediante el método de Kaplan-Meier. El tiempo de supervivencia total descrito según este método para el total de los casos estudiados presenta una mediana de 33 meses con un error estándar de 8 y un intervalo de confianza del 95% de (17,49), el tiempo libre de enfermedad presenta una mediana de 9 meses con un error estándar de 2 y un intervalo de confianza del 95% de (6,12) y el tiempo de aparición de metástasis presenta una mediana de 26 meses con un error estándar de 5 y un intervalo de confianza del 95% de (17,35). A su vez se realizó el análisis bivariante de las múltiples variables pronosticas. El gran número de variables y la dispersión de la muestra hacen aconsejable estudios multicéntricos prospectivos más numerosos para obtener conclusiones definitivas sobre este tipo de tumores.The aim of this study is to evaluate the long-term prognosis of a series of patients treated in our hospital with regard to various clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic factors. A total of 123 patients who had been treated for malignant soft tissue tumours between 1979 and 1999 were reviewed. Of these, only 42 fulfilled the requirements to be included in our study. The outcome was evaluated taking into account prognostic variables identified in previously published studies and our own experience, and a statistical study of these factors as carried out with the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis method. The total survival time for all the cases studied was 33+8 (median + SE) months with a 95% confidence interval of 17.49 months. The time free of illness was 9+2 (median + SE) months with a 95% confidence interval of 6.12 months. The time-period until metastasis appeared was 26+5 (median + SE) months with a 95% confidence interval of 17.35 months. At the same time, the bivariant analysis of the many prognostic variables was performed. The high number of variables and the dispersion of the sample group suggest that it would be advisable to carry out more prospective, multicentric studies to reach definitive conclusions about this type of tumour

Investigación y propuesta de identidad de marca para la comercialización de los productos Miel de la Sierra ubicada en Zapopan, Jalisco, México

A continuación, se presentará el rebranding que se realizó a lo largo de los meses de agosto a noviembre para la marca Miel de la Sierra, ahora llamada Abelena. Tras este proyecto, se expondrá cuáles fueron las investigaciones previas a los cambios que se realizó con la marca, las respectivas encuestas y los resultados obtenidos para que se lograran cambios congruentes y óptimos para nuestro cliente. Principalmente, se buscaba un cambio de imagen para lograr alcance con otro tipo de mercado en un punto de venta distinto al que se ha tenido siempre, lo cual volvió una obligación un cambio de logotipo, etiquetado, envase y materiales gráficos que se mostrarán más adelante; convirtiendo la imagen de nuestro cliente, de un producto con características de venta en tianguis, a un producto más elegante capaz de distribuirse en tiendas y delicatessen. Por tanto, en adición a lo mencionado anteriormente, se realizó un benchmarking de las marcas que nuestro cliente buscaba que su marca se asemejara, así como un análisis financiero para establecer los nuevos precios que Abelena, Miel de la Sierra ofrecería al mercado. Lograr el balance entre una nueva imagen, fresca, moderna y elegante, sin perder la imagen y, por ende- posicionamiento de la marca anterior, fue todo un reto en todos los aspectos. A continuación, ofrecemos mayor adentramiento a este proceso.ITESO, A.C

Carbapenem-resistant Citrobacter spp. isolated in Spain from 2013 to 2015 produced a variety of carbapenemases including VIM-1, OXA-48, KPC-2, NDM-1 and VIM-2

Objectives: There is little information about carbapenemase-producing (CP) Citrobacter spp.We studied the molecular epidemiology and microbiological features of CP Citrobacter spp. isolates collected in Spain (2013-15). Methods: In total, 119 isolates suspected of being CP by the EUCAST screening cut-off values were analysed. Carbapenemases and ESBLs were characterized using PCR and sequencing. The genetic relationship among Citrobacter freundii isolates was studied by PFGE. Results: Of the 119 isolates, 63 (52.9%) produced carbapenemases, of which 37 (58.7%) produced VIM-1, 20 (31.7%) produced OXA-48, 12 (19%) produced KPC-2, 2 (3.2%) produced NDM-1 and 1 (1.6%) produced VIM- 2; 9 C. freundii isolates co-produced VIM-1 plus OXA-48. Fourteen isolates (22.2%) also carried ESBLs: 8 CTX-M-9 plus SHV-12, 2 CTX-M-9, 2 SHV-12 and 2 CTX-M-15. Fifty-seven isolates (90.5%) were C. freundii, 4 (6.3%) were Citrobacter koseri, 1 (1.6%) was Citrobacter amalonaticus and 1 (1.6%) was Citrobacter braakii. By EUCAST breakpoints, eight (12.7%) of the CP isolates were susceptible to the four carbapenems tested. In the 53 CP C. freundii analysed by PFGE, a total of 44 different band patterns were observed. Four PFGE clusters were identified: cluster 1 included eight isolates co-producing VIM-1 and OXA-48; blaVIM-1 was carried in a class 1 integron (intI-blaVIM-1 - aacA4-dfrB1-aadA1-catB2-qacE¿1/sul1) and blaOXA-48 was carried in a Tn1999.2 transposon. Conclusions: We observed the clonal and polyclonal spread of CP Citrobacter spp. across several Spanish geographical areas. Four species of Citrobacter spp. produced up to five carbapenemase types, including coproduction of VIM-1 plus OXA-48. Some CP Citrobacter spp. isolates were susceptible to the four carbapenems tested, a finding with potential clinical implications

Centrality evolution of the charged-particle pseudorapidity density over a broad pseudorapidity range in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76TeV

Peer reviewe

α-Haemoglobin regulates sympathoadrenal cell metabolism to maintain a catecholaminergic phenotype

23 páginas, 7 figuras, 2 tablas.Discovery of haemoglobin A expression outside of the erythroid cell lineage suggests that oxygen transport is the main, but not the unique, function of adult haemoglobin chains in mammals. The contribution of haemoglobin A to antioxidant defences has been proposed in the territories where it is expressed. Catecholaminergic cells rely on an active oxidative metabolism to accomplish their biological function, but are exposed to strong oxidative stress due to metabolism of catecholaminergic transmitters. We show in the present study that peripheral catecholaminegic cells express the α- and not the β-haemoglobin A chains, and that α-haemoglobin expression could modulate the antioxidant capabilities of these cells. We also show that α-haemoglobin overexpression in PC12 cells leads to a selective increase of tyrosine hydroxylase synthesis and activity. This is achieved by means of a reorganization of antioxidant defences, decreasing cytoplasmic glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, and increasing mitochondrial peroxidase. Moreover, α-haemoglobin induces a decrease in lipogenesis and increase in lipid degradation, situations that help save NAD(P)H and favour supply of acetyl-CoA to the tricarboxylic acid cycle and production of reducing equivalents in the cell. All of these results point to a role for α-haemoglobin as a regulator of catecholaminergic cell metabolism required for phenotype acquisition and maintenance.The TH-EGFP mice were obtained from the Gene Expression Nervous System Atlas (GENSAT) Project [NINDS contracts N01NS02331 and HHSN271200723701C to The Rockefeller University (New York, NY, U.S.A.)]. The work was funded by the Marcelino Botín Foundation, the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education, and the Andalusian Government. CIBERNED is funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education for M.T.M.A. (“FPI” predoctoral fellowship) is also acknowledged.Peer reviewe

COMPARISON OF TWO CULTIVARS OF \u3ci\u3ePhaseolus vulgaris\u3c/i\u3e L. INOCULATED WITH A STRAIN OF NITROGEN FIXING RHIZOBACTERIA

INTRODUCTION: A whole spectrum of soil microorganisms in the rhizosphere, may affect the bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) yield as well as the interaction among the different microorganisms which might exist in the soil. The bean plant has also the opportunity to interact with other microorganisms as in the case of the bacteria (Gherbi et al., 2008; Marsh et al., 2008; Oldroyd et al., 2009). The nitrogen fixing bacteria such as a strain of Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899, are capable of fixing the atmospheric nitrogen when it occurs in symbiosis with its host plant, in this case the bean plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse of Colegio de Postgraduados at Montecillo, state of Mexico in July of 2016. Two cultivars of determinate growth habit were employed: OTI and Cacahuate 72. A group of seedlings in the simple leaf stage were inoculated with a suspension of strain Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899 bacteria. Another group was not inoculated. The plants were grown in plastic containers with 7 kg of sandy loam soil. The experimental design was a complete randomized with five replications. The following treatments were evaluated: 1) cv. OTI inoculated; 2) cv. OTI non inoculated; 3) cv. Cacahuate 72 inoculated and 4) cv. Cacahuate 72 non inoculated. Sixty nine days after planting, the rates of photosynthesis and transpiration were determined. At physiological maturity there were registered: the number of normal pods, seeds and seed yield (all per plant). The statistical analysis was performed with the SAS program (SAS, 2012)