1,096,444 research outputs found
Search for Tracker Potentials in Quintessence Theory
We report a significant finding in Quintessence theory that the the scalar
fields with tracker potentials have a model-independent scaling behaviour in
the expanding universe. So far widely discussed exponential,power law or
hyperbolic potentials can simply mimic the tracking behaviour over a limited
range of redshift. In the small redshift range where the variation of the
tracking parameter may be taken to be negligible, the differential
equation of generic potentials leads to hyperbolic sine and hyperbolic cosine
potentials which may approximate tracker field in the present day universe. We
have plotted the variation of tracker potential and the equation of state of
the tracker field as function of the redshift for the model-independent
relation derived from tracker field theory; we have also plotted the variation
of in terms of the scalar field for the chosen hyperbolic
cosine function and have compared with the curves obtained by reconstruction of
from the real observational data from the supernovae.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, late
Nuclear bound states of antikaons, or quantized multiskyrmions?
The spectrum of strange multibaryons is considered within the chiral soliton
model using one of several possible SU(3$ quantization models (the bound state
rigid oscillator version). The states with energy below that of antikaon and
corresponding nucleus can be interpreted as antikaon-nucleus bound states. In
the formal limit of small kaon mass the number of such states becomes large,
for real value of this mass there are at least several states. For large values
of binding energies interpretation of such states just as antikaon-nuclear
bound states becomes more ambiguous.Comment: Corrections, amendments and additions made, references adde
Nucleon contribution to the induced charge of neutrinos in a matter background and a magnetic field
We study the nucleon contribution to the electromagnetic vertex function of
neutrinos that propagate in a matter background in the presence of a magnetic
field. Starting from the one-loop expression for the corresponding terms of the
vertex function, and taking into account the anomalous magnetic coupling of the
nucleons, we calculate the B-dependent part of the form factors that determine
the induced charge of the neutrino. A formula for the neutrino induced charge
is obtained, and it is evaluated for various illustrative situations. The terms
due to the nucleons can be important in some cases, depending on the physical
conditions of the environment.Comment: revtex4, 13 pages. Contains the minor revisions made in the prd
accepted versio
Active shielding of magnetic field with circular space-time characteristic
Aim. The synthesis of two degree of freedom robust two circuit system of active shielding of magnetic field with circular spacetime characteristic, generated by overhead power lines with "triangle" type of phase conductors arrangements for reducing the magnetic flux density to the sanitary standards level and to reducing the sensitivity of the system to plant parameters uncertainty. Methodology. The synthesis is based on the multi-criteria game decision, in which the payoff vector is calculated on the basis of the Maxwell equations quasi-stationary approximation solutions. The game decision is based on the stochastic particles multiswarm optimization algorithms. The initial parameters for the synthesis by system of active shielding are the location of the overhead power lines with respect to the shielding space, geometry and number of shielding coils, operating currents, as well as the size of the shielding space and magnetic flux density normative value, which should be achieved as a result of shielding. The objective of the synthesis is to determine their number, configuration, spatial arrangementand and shielding coils currents, setting algorithm of the control systems as well as the resulting of the magnetic flux density value at the shielding space. Results. Computer simulation and field experimental research results of two degree of freedom robust two circuit system of active shielding of magnetic field, generated by overhead power lines with Β«triangleΒ» type of phase conductors arrangements are given. The possibility of initial magnetic flux density level reducing and system sensitivity reducing to the plant parameters uncertainty is shown. Originality. For the first time the synthesis, theoretical and experimental research of two degree of freedom robust two -circuit t system of active shielding of magnetic field generated by single-circuit overhead power line with phase conductors triangular arrangements carried out. Practical value. Practical recommendations from the point of view of the practical implementation on reasonable choice of the spatial arrangement of two shielding coils of robust two -circuit system of active shielding of the magnetic field with circular space-time characteristic generated by single-circuit overhead power line with phase conductors triangular arrangements are given.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ. Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ Ρ ΠΊΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ-Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ, Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ. Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΡ
Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΠ°ΠΊΡΠ²Π΅Π»Π»Π° Π² ΠΊΠ²Π°Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ. Π Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠΎΡ
Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ. ΠΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ
Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Ρ, Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΊΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³Π½ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ, Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠ° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² ΡΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ, Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ². ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·, ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ, Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ Ρ ΠΊΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ-Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²
Phenomenological theory of phase transitions in epitaxial BaxSr(1-x)TiO3 thin films
A phenomenological thermodynamic theory of BaxSr(1-x)TiO3 (BST-x) thin films
epitaxially grown on cubic substrates is developed using the Landau-Devonshire
approach. The eighth-order thermodynamic potential for BT single crystal and
modified fourth-order potential for ST single crystal were used as starting
potentials for the end-members of the solid solution with the aim to develop
potential of BST- solid solution valid at high temperatures. Several
coefficients of these potentials for BT were changed to obtain reasonable
agreement between theory and experimental phase diagram for BST-x (x > 0.2)
solid solutions. For low Ba content we constructed the specific phase diagram
where five phases converge at the multiphase point (T_N2 = 47 K, x = 0.028) and
all transitions are of the second order. The "concentration-misfit strain"
phase diagrams for BST-x thin films at room temperature and "temperature-misfit
strain" phase diagrams for particular concentrations are constructed and
discussed. Near T_N2 coupling between polarization and structural order
parameter in the epitaxial film is modified considerably and large number of
new phases not present in the bulk materials appear on the phase diagram.Comment: 8 pages 5 figure
Sub-SQL Sensitivity via Optical Rigidity in Advanced LIGO Interferometer with Optical Losses
The ``optical springs'' regime of the signal-recycled configuration of laser
interferometric gravitational-wave detectors is analyzed taking in account
optical losses in the interferometer arm cavities. This regime allows to obtain
sensitivity better than the Standard Quantum Limits both for a free test mass
and for a conventional harmonic oscillator. The optical losses restrict the
gain in sensitivity and achievable signal-to-noise ratio. Nevertheless, for
parameters values planned for the Advanced LIGO gravitational-wave detector,
this restriction is insignificant.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figure
The molecular ion in a magnetic field
A detailed study of the low-lying electronic states
{}^1\Si,{}^3\Si,{}^3\Pi,{}^3\De of the molecular ion in parallel
to a magnetic field configuration (when \al-particle and proton are situated
on the same magnetic line) is carried out for G in
the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. The variational method is employed using a
physically adequate trial function. It is shown that the parallel configuration
is stable with respect to small deviations for \Si-states. The quantum
numbers of the ground state depend on the magnetic field strength. The ground
state evolves from the spin-singlet {}^1\Si state for small magnetic fields
a.u. to the spin-triplet {}^3\Si unbound state for
intermediate fields and to the spin-triplet strongly bound state for a.u. When the molecular ion exists, it is stable with
respect to a dissociation.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures, 4 table
Interaction of plane gravitational waves with a Fabry-Perot cavity in the local Lorentz frame
We analyze the interaction of plane '+'-polarized gravitational waves with a
Fabry-Perot cavity in the local Lorentz frame of the cavity input mirror
outside of the range of long-wave approximation with the force of radiation
pressure taken into account. The obtained detector response signal is
represented as a sum of two parts: (i) the phase shift due to displacement of
the movable mirror under the influence of gravitational wave and the force of
light pressure, and (ii) the phase shift due to direct interaction of
gravitational wave with light wave inside the cavity. We obtain formula for the
movable mirror law of motion paying close attention to the phenomena of optical
rigidity, radiative friction and direct coupling of gravitational wave to light
wave. Some issues concerning the detection of high-frequency gravitational
waves and the role of optical rigidity in it are discussed. We also examine in
detail special cases of optical resonance and small detuning from it and
compare our results with the known ones.Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures; corrected references [7,8,34], added 2 new
references (currently [35,36]), added comments on (i) relativistic
corrections, (ii) detector angular pattern, (iii) quantized electromagnetic
field, increased font in figure
Fermentation Quality and in Vitro Nutrient Digestibility of Fresh Rice Straw-Based Silage Treated with Lactic Acid Bacteria
The aim of the experiment was to evaluate fermentation characteristics and in vitro nutrient digestibility of fresh rice straw-based silage ensiled with addition of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculant. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design, with 2 Γ 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The first factor was the ratio of fresh rice straw (FRS), tofu waste (TW) and cassava waste (CW) consisted of two levels i.e., 40 : 20 : 40 and 40 : 25 : 35, on dry matter (DM) basis). The second factor was the level of LAB inoculant with two levels ie., 0 and 20 mL/kg FM. The treatments were (A) FRS + TW + CW with the ratio of 40 : 20 : 40, without LAB inoculant; (B) FRS + TW + CW with the ratio of 40 : 20 : 40 + LAB inoculant; (C) FRS + TW + CW with the ratio of 40 : 25 : 35, without LAB inoculant; (D) FRS + TW + CW with ratio of 40 : 25 : 35 + LAB inoculant. Results showed that addition of LAB inoculant in silage increased lactic acid concentration (P0.05) on chemical composition, fermentation quality of silage and in vitro digestibility. It was concluded that mixture silage with ratio of 40 : 20 : 40 with the addition of LAB inoculant had the best fermentation quality and nutrient digestibility than other silages
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