9 research outputs found
Outcomes of Treatment for Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors: Different Clinical Features Associated with Neurofibromatosis Type 1
PURPOSE: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are a rare subtype of sarcoma that occur spontaneously or in association with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1). This study aimed to clinically differentiate these types of MPNSTs.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study reviewed 95 patients diagnosed with and treated for MPNST at Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea over a 27-year period. The clinical characteristics, prognostic factors, and treatment outcomes of sporadic MPNST (sMPNST) and NF-1 associated MPNST (NF-MPNST) cases were compared.
RESULTS: Patients with NF-MPNST had a significantly lower median age (32 years vs. 45 years for sMPNST, p=0.012), significantly larger median tumor size (8.2 cm vs. 5.0 cm for sMPNST, p < 0.001), and significantly larger numbers of imaging studies and surgeries (p=0.004 and p < 0.001, respectively). The 10-year overall survival (OS) rate of the patients with MPNST was 52ยฑ6%. Among the patients with localized MPNST, patients with NF-MPNST had a significantly lower 10-year OS rate (45ยฑ11% vs. 60ยฑ8% for sMPNST, p=0.046). Univariate analysis revealed the resection margin, pathology grade, and metastasis to be significant factors affecting the OS (p=0.001, p=0.020, and p < 0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis of the patients with localized MPNST identified R2 resection and G1 as significant prognostic factors for OS.
CONCLUSION: NF-MPNST has different clinical features from sMPNST and requires more careful management. Further study will be needed to develop specific management plans for NF-MPNST.ope
ไบบ็ๆ็คพ์ ่ชฒ็จ ๆนๆก : ํํธ๋์ญ ๋ฐฉ์๊ณผ S corporation ๋ฐฉ์์ ๋น๊ต๊ฒํ ๋ฅผ ํตํ ์ ๋ฒ์
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ผ๋ฌธ(์์ฌ)--์์ธ๋ํ๊ต ๋ํ์ :๋ฒํ๊ณผ,2005.Maste
Study on Hangul font characteristics using CNN
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ผ๋ฌธ (์์ฌ)-- ์์ธ๋ํ๊ต ๋ํ์ : ํต๊ณํ๊ณผ, 2017. 2. ์์คํธ.๋ก๋ง์์ ๋ํ ์์น์ ๋ถ๋ฅ์ฒด๊ณ๋ ์ ๋ฐ๋ฌ๋์ด ์์ง๋ง. ํ๊ธ ์์ฒด ๋ถ๋ฅ๋ฅผ ์ํ ๊ธฐ์ค์ ์์น์ ์ผ๋ก ์ ์๋์ด ์์ง ์๋ค. ๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ๋ชฉํ๋ ํ๊ธ ์์ฒด ๋ถ๋ฅ๋ฅผ ์ํ ์์น์ ๊ธฐ์ค์ ์ธ์ฐ๊ธฐ ์ํด, ์์ฒด ์คํ์ผ์ ๊ตฌ๋ถํ๋ ์ค์ํ ํน์ง๋ค์ ์ฐพ๋ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค. ์ปจ๋ณผ๋ฃจ์
๋ด๋ด ๋คํธ์ํฌ(convolutional neural network)๋ฅผ ์ฌ์ฉํ์ฌ ๋ช
์กฐ์ ๊ณ ๋ ์คํ์ผ์ ๊ตฌ๋ถํ๋ ๋ชจํ์ ์ธ์ฐ๊ณ , ๋ด๋ด ๋คํธ์ํฌ์ ์ปจ๋ณผ๋ฃจ์
ํํฐ(convolution filter)๋ฅผ ๋ถ์ํด ๋ ์คํ์ผ์ ํน์ง์ ๊ฒฐ์ ํ๋ ํผ์ฒ(feature)๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ ์ ํ๋ค. ๋ฌธ์ ์์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ถ๋ฅํ๋ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์๋, ์์ฒด ์คํ์ผ์ ํน์ ๋ถ๋ถ์ ํ์ตํ๋ ๊ฒ์ด๋ฏ๋ก ๋ฌธ์์ ๋ํ ์ ๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์์ ๋ ๋ถ๋ถ์ ํน์ง์ ๋ ์ ์ฐพ์๋ด๋์ง ์ฐ๊ตฌํ๊ณ ์ ํ๋ค.1. ์๋ก 1
1.1. ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 1
1.2. ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชฉํ 2
2. Convolutional Neural Network 3
2.1. Back-propagation 4
2.2. Convolution Layer 5
2.3. Pooling Layer 9
2.4. Fully Connected Layer 10
2.5. Activation Function 10
3. Visualization Method 13
3.1 Deconvolution Visualization 13
3.2 Saliency Maps 15
4. ํ๊ธ ์์ฒด ํน์ง ์ฐ๊ตฌ 17
4.1. ๋ฐ์ดํฐ 18
4.2. ๋ชจํ๊ตฌ์กฐ 19
4.3. ์๊ฐํ 22
4.4. ํ
์คํธ 36
5. ๊ฒฐ๋ก 40
6. ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ 42
Appendix A ํ 44
Appendix B ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 45
B.1 ์ฒซ ๋ฒ์งธ ์ปจ๋ณผ๋ฃจ์
์ธต 45
B.2 ๋ ๋ฒ์งธ ์ปจ๋ณผ๋ฃจ์
์ธต 46
B.3 ์์ ์ฐ๊ฒฐ์ธต 48
B.4 ์ถ๋ ฅ์ธต 56
Abstract 57Maste