9 research outputs found

    Outcomes of Treatment for Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors: Different Clinical Features Associated with Neurofibromatosis Type 1

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    PURPOSE: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are a rare subtype of sarcoma that occur spontaneously or in association with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1). This study aimed to clinically differentiate these types of MPNSTs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study reviewed 95 patients diagnosed with and treated for MPNST at Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea over a 27-year period. The clinical characteristics, prognostic factors, and treatment outcomes of sporadic MPNST (sMPNST) and NF-1 associated MPNST (NF-MPNST) cases were compared. RESULTS: Patients with NF-MPNST had a significantly lower median age (32 years vs. 45 years for sMPNST, p=0.012), significantly larger median tumor size (8.2 cm vs. 5.0 cm for sMPNST, p < 0.001), and significantly larger numbers of imaging studies and surgeries (p=0.004 and p < 0.001, respectively). The 10-year overall survival (OS) rate of the patients with MPNST was 52ยฑ6%. Among the patients with localized MPNST, patients with NF-MPNST had a significantly lower 10-year OS rate (45ยฑ11% vs. 60ยฑ8% for sMPNST, p=0.046). Univariate analysis revealed the resection margin, pathology grade, and metastasis to be significant factors affecting the OS (p=0.001, p=0.020, and p < 0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis of the patients with localized MPNST identified R2 resection and G1 as significant prognostic factors for OS. CONCLUSION: NF-MPNST has different clinical features from sMPNST and requires more careful management. Further study will be needed to develop specific management plans for NF-MPNST.ope

    ไบบ็š„ๆœƒ็คพ์˜ ่ชฒ็จ…ๆ–นๆกˆ : ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ์‹ญ ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ S corporation ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ๋น„๊ต๊ฒ€ํ† ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ž…๋ฒ•์•ˆ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๋ฒ•ํ•™๊ณผ,2005.Maste

    Study on Hangul font characteristics using CNN

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ํ†ต๊ณ„ํ•™๊ณผ, 2017. 2. ์›์ค‘ํ˜ธ.๋กœ๋งˆ์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์น˜์  ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜์ฒด๊ณ„๋Š” ์ž˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ. ํ•œ๊ธ€ ์„œ์ฒด ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ค€์€ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •์˜๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ธ€ ์„œ์ฒด ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์น˜์  ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ์„ธ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ์„œ์ฒด ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํŠน์ง•๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ปจ๋ณผ๋ฃจ์…˜ ๋‰ด๋Ÿด ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ(convolutional neural network)๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ช…์กฐ์™€ ๊ณ ๋”• ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ์„ธ์šฐ๊ณ , ๋‰ด๋Ÿด ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์˜ ์ปจ๋ณผ๋ฃจ์…˜ ํ•„ํ„ฐ(convolution filter)๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ด ๋‘ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์˜ ํŠน์ง•์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ํ”ผ์ฒ˜(feature)๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์ž ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ, ์„œ์ฒด ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์˜ ํŠน์ • ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ํ•™์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฌธ์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์  ํŠน์ง•์„ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๋Š”์ง€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.1. ์„œ๋ก  1 1.1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 1 1.2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชฉํ‘œ 2 2. Convolutional Neural Network 3 2.1. Back-propagation 4 2.2. Convolution Layer 5 2.3. Pooling Layer 9 2.4. Fully Connected Layer 10 2.5. Activation Function 10 3. Visualization Method 13 3.1 Deconvolution Visualization 13 3.2 Saliency Maps 15 4. ํ•œ๊ธ€ ์„œ์ฒด ํŠน์ง• ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 17 4.1. ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ 18 4.2. ๋ชจํ˜•๊ตฌ์กฐ 19 4.3. ์‹œ๊ฐํ™” 22 4.4. ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ 36 5. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  40 6. ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 42 Appendix A ํ‘œ 44 Appendix B ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 45 B.1 ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ปจ๋ณผ๋ฃจ์…˜์ธต 45 B.2 ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ปจ๋ณผ๋ฃจ์…˜์ธต 46 B.3 ์™„์ „ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ธต 48 B.4 ์ถœ๋ ฅ์ธต 56 Abstract 57Maste
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