Study on disinfection and sterilization of high algae-laden water with Hydroxyl radicals

消毒灭菌是饮用水处理工艺中的重要组成部分。而地表水富营养化现象日益加剧，导致水源地高藻频发，增加了饮用水常规氯消毒处理工艺的负担，严重威胁城市供水卫生安全。如何平衡饮用水微生物安全性与化学安全性，成为当前高藻饮用水消毒技术研究的重要内容。本文依托国家科技支撑计划项目“高藻水源地供水卫生保障羟基自由基氧化技术研发与示范”(NO.2013BAC06B00)，针对厦门市重要水源地九龙江北溪流域水体，通过大气压强电离放电规模制备羟基自由基(•OH)，建立了高藻饮用水•OH消毒灭菌处理工艺，开展了•OH对大肠杆菌的致死研究，考察了•OH和ClO2对水厂各工...Disinfection and sterilization is an important part in the process of water treatment. However the eutrophication in the surface water is growing badly, causing the high algae water happened frequently. So it came to be a chanllege for chlorine disinfection of conventional drinking water treatment process, threating the urban water supply health and safety.How to balance microbial safety and chemi...学位：工学硕士院系专业：环境与生态学院_环境工程学号：3332013115174

Treatment of algae bloom water using ·OH based on conventional drinking water process

我国水体的富营养化日益严重,水源地出现季节性藻类爆发现象,严重威胁饮用水安全。以厦门市莲坂水厂各工艺段出水为研究对象,采用大气压强电离放电产生羟; 基自由基(·OH),分别对水源水、混凝沉淀出水、砂滤出水进行处理,处理时间为4.5 s。当注入总氧化剂浓度为1.8 mg·; L~(-1)时,高藻浓度从25.3*10~4 cells · mL~(-1)降到800 cells ·; mL~(-1);对混凝沉淀出水注入总氧化剂0.6 mg· L~(-1)、砂滤出水注入0.2 mg·; L~(-1)时,藻细胞都未检出;·OH处理后CODMn、TOC及UV254均有明显降低,砂滤出水三卤甲烷小于8; mug·L~(-1);检测的各项指标均达到国家《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB; 5479-2006)。因此,·OH可快速有效安全地杀灭高藻,为我国高藻水源地饮用水卫生安全保障提供技术支撑。Due to the increasing eutrophication in China, harmful algae blooms; often occur in water body periodically, which poses serious threats to; drinking water safety. Using a strong ionization discharge technology at; atmosphere pressure, ·OH was used to remove algae bloom. Other; conventional process such as coagulation, sedimentation and sand; filtration were applied respectively in the Lianban Water Plant in; Xiamen (China). The total reaction time required in the three water; processes was only 4.5 s. When the total reactive oxidant (TRO); concentration injected to algae bloom water was 1.8 mg·L~(-1), the algae; content was decreased by ·OH from 25.3*10~4 cells·mL~(-1) to 800; cells·mL~(-1). When the TRO that was injected into coagulation,; sedimentation and sand filtration water achieved 0.6 mg·L~(-1) and 0.2; mg·L~(-1), respectively, the algae contents were not detected (ND) in; treated effluents. At the same time, water quality in CODMn, TOC and; UV254 were decreased and the disinfection by-products(DBPs) such as,; trihalomethanes (THMs) concentration was lower than 8 mug·L~(-1) in; treated effluents. The treated effluent, resulting from this technology,; met the requirement of the National Drinking Water Standards (GB; 5479-2006). Therefore, ·OH was effective and safe to remove freshwater; algae without further treatment being required.国家科技支撑计划项目; 国家重大科研仪器研制项目; 科技部创新人才推进计划重点领域创新团

社会系统工程与国家治理体系现代化

2014年3月30日,中国人民大学国家发展与战略研究院社会系统工程研究中心成立暨“社会系统工程与国家治理体系现代化“学术研讨会在中国人民大学逸夫会堂第一会议室举行,来自十余所高校和学术团体的专家、学者和一些媒体的代表参加了会议。现把会议主要发言内容选载如下

新疆北疆地区野生香料植物资源调查和开发利用研究

本课题完成了新疆北疆地区野生香料植物资源调查，提出了综合调查报告。对野生神香草开展引种驯化试验，研究探索人工驯化和栽培野生神香草的可能性和总结提出了栽培技术，首次完成了野生野生神香草引种驯化试验研究。提出了兵团野生香料植物开发利用规划的设想。对于进一步保护、开发和利用新疆野生香料植物资源，开发新的经济作物种类，形成新的经济增长点具有极大的实用意义，有广阔的应用前景

Synthesis of High-Performance LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2 Cathode Materials via Azeotropic Distillation Method

三元复合氧化物镍钴锰酸锂(LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2)因兼有LiNiO2和LiCoO2的优点,被认为是最有可能取代LiCoO2的新型正极材料而受到广泛关注.本文采用一种改进的共沉淀方法合成了LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2,以共沸蒸馏干燥前驱物.结果表明,共沸干燥法最终得到的产物比普通干燥法得到的产物具有更高的比容量、更好的循环性能以及更优的倍率性能.究其原因,可归结为共沸干燥得到的样品颗粒更小,且粒径分布更均匀,球形度高,比表面积大,促进了锂离子的扩散,因而提高了其电化学性能.Layered LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 is one of the most promising alternative materials for LiCoO2 in lithium ion batteries due to its low cost,large capacity and excellent cyclability.In this paper,LiNi1/3 Co1/3 Mn1/3 O2 was synthesized via azeotropic distillation method with isobutyl alcohol as an azeotropic agent.The structure and surface morphology were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscope(SEM),respectively.The as-prepared LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 shows a layered α-NaFeO2 structure;the particles are small and uniformly distributed.As compared with the sample prepared by traditional method,the present cathode material exhibits superior cyclability and rate capability,which can be ascribed to the enhanced Li + diffusion due to smaller and more uniform particles caused by the addition of the azeotropic agent during preparation.作者联系地址：华中科技大学材料科学与工程学院材料成形与模具技术国家重点实验室;华中科技大学电子科学与技术系;深圳市华粤宝电池有限公司;Author's Address: 1.School of Materials Science and Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;2.Department of Electronic Science and Technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;3.HYB Battery Co.,Ltd,Shenzhen 518116,Guangdong,Chin