Effect of Exogenous NO on Germination in Cabbage under Salt Stress

以硝普钠作为外源一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)供体,研究NO对盐胁迫下小白菜种子萌发的影响.结果表明:小白菜在5‰盐度下生长情况最好;较高盐度(15‰)下,种子萌发和生长受到明显抑制,30‰盐度完全抑制种子萌发.较低盐度海水可以作为植物生长的营养液,促进小白菜种子萌发;外加0.01 mmol/L SNP能够提高白菜种子的发芽率、发芽指数.In this paper,effect of NO on germination of Cabbage under salt stress produced by SNP was studied.The results show that cabbage under salinity of 5‰ grows better than other salinities including control treatment.The development of cabbage was inhibited under salinity of 15‰,seeds of cabbage under 30‰ salinity couldn′t germinate.Low salinity of seawater could be used as nutritious solution for plants growth.We found that low concentration of SNP could increase germination rates and index significantly when cabbages were treated with various concentrations of SNP.国家自然科学基金资助项目(30271065,39970438,39870630

植物中的一氧化氮信号分子

综述了NO分子在植物中的生物合成、主要生理功能以及在耐受生物胁迫和非生物胁迫响应中的作用,以及植物对NO信号转导过程中cGMP途径和其他途径的关系。国家自然科学基金(30271065,39970438,39870630);; 福建省自然科学基金(D0210001

Nitric Oxide and Plant Stress Response

综述了NO分子在植物耐受生物胁迫和非生物胁迫中的作用,以及植物的NO信号转导过程中cGMP途径和其它途径的研究进展,并对以后的研究作一些展望。国家自然科学基金(30271065、39970438、39870630);; 福建省自然科学基金(D0210001)

Advances in Salt-Tolerance Mechanism of Mangrove

从形态、生理生化和分子水平综述了红树植物的耐盐机理。红树植物具有盐腺、叶片肉质化等形态特征,通过离子选择性积累、盐分区域化、泌盐和拒盐等机制降低体内的盐分浓度,积累或合成渗透调节物质(主要是松醇和甘露醇)来维持渗透平衡,增强抗氧化系统以清除活性氧。在分子水平上,红树植物的耐盐能力与参与合成渗透调节物质关键酶和抗氧化酶等基因的表达相关。 【英文摘要】 This article summarized some research progresses of salt tolerance in mangrove species at morphology,physiology and biochemistry,and molecular levels.Mangrove species have salt glands and their leaves become succulent.They avoid heavy salt loads through a combination of selective accumulation of ions,ion compartmentalization,salt excretion and salt exclusion,accumulation or synthesis compatible solutes which are mainly pinitol and mannitol for maintaining osmotic balance,and promotion of antioxidative to sc...国家自然科学基金(30271065,39970438,39870630);; 厦门大学优秀人才支持计划(0000X07115)资助项

Eco-physiological effect of calcium imbalance caused by environmental acidification:A review

环境酸化是全球气候变化引起的主要问题之一,陆地和湖泊等生态系统受酸雨的长期影响,呈现出PH下降的趋势,而海洋生态系统也由于大气CO2浓度的急剧上升而出现酸化。环境的酸化对生态系统中CA的平衡造成巨大影响。在海洋生态系统中表现为,随着PH下降海水中CO32-浓度降低,富CA海洋生物无法维持其体内CACO3形成的硬质结构,造成珊瑚钙化生长变缓、翼足目软体动物外壳腐蚀穿孔等,影响其种群繁衍。另外,在陆地生态系统中,由于酸雨的长期淋溶,大量的生物可利用CA从生态系统中流失,动植物无法获得充足的CA来满足其生理需要。蜗牛、水虱等土壤及湖泊中高CA动物的生长、繁殖受抑制,鸟类也由于缺CA造成种群数量下降。陆地植物体内依赖于CA的信号转导系统也遭受严重干扰,进而影响光合、抗逆和繁殖等诸多生理过程,表现出不同程度的生产力、物种多样性下降和森林的衰退。环境酸化导致不同生态系统中CA循环失衡,大多表现出不利于富CA生物体的存活,这可能是一个较为普遍的生态学模式。Environmental acidification is one of the major problems caused by global climate change.Due to the long-term effects of acid rain,the pH of terrestrial and lake ecosystems presents a declining trend,and in the meanwhile,acidification of marine ecosystem also occurs because of the dramatic increase of atmospheric CO2 concentration.Calcium homeostasis in organisms or/and ecosystems can be disturbed by environmental acidification.In marine ecosystem,calcium-rich species will have difficulties in maintaining their external calcium carbonate skeletons,resulting in the declining of coral calcification and the corroding of pteropod shell.With the decrease of ocean pH and carbonate ion concentration,the reproduction of marine organisms may be declined.In terrestrial ecosystem,organisms cannot absorb enough essential calcium because large quantity of bio-available calcium has been depleted from the ecosystem by the long-term acid rain.Therefore,anthropogenic acidification has caused the decline in calcium-rich species populations such as snail and Daphnia in soil and fresh waters,and birds also have low reproductive success as a result of calcium deficiency under long-term acid rain stress.In plants,acid rain disturbs calcium signal transduction cascades,and further,negatively affects physiological processes such as photosynthesis,stress-resistance,and reproduction,with the ecological consequences such as primary productivity and biodiversity decrease and forest decline.It may be a universal ecological pattern that calcium-rich species will be much more difficult in survival under the scenario of calcium homeostasis in ecosystems being disturbed by environmental acidification.国家自然科学基金项目(30670317;30770192);教育部博士基金项目(20070384033);留学回国人员科研启动基金项目(2008-890);厦门大学新世纪优秀人才基金项目(NCETXMU07115);“长江学者和创新团队发展计划”资助项

In vitro Studies on Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Polysaccharide from Lycoris aurea

目的:研究水溶性忽地笑多糖的体外抗氧化和抑菌活性。方法:采用体外化学体系研究忽地笑多糖对超氧自由基(O2-.)、羟自由基(.OH)、脂自由基(R.)和过氧化氢(H2O2)的清除作用及用琼脂扩散滤纸片法测定其抑菌活性。结果:抗氧化活性测定以Vc为对照,忽地笑多糖的抗氧化活性总体上弱于Vc,但对.OH和H2O2的清除活性与Vc相当。抑菌活性实验结果表明:忽地笑多糖对藤黄微球菌、短小芽孢杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌抑制活性较强。结论:忽地笑多糖具有良好的.OH和H2O2清除活性及对革兰氏阳性菌的抑制活性。Objective: To study the preliminary antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of polysaccharide extracted from Lycoris aurea.Methods: The scavenging activities of the polysaccharide in vitro on superoxide radical(O-·2),hydroxyl radical(·OH),alkyl radical(R·) and hydrogen peroxide(H2O2) were investigated by modified chemical systems.Meanwhile,the antimicrobial activities were tested using paper-discagar diffusion method.Results:In general,the antioxidant activities of the polysaccharide were lower compared with Vc.However,the scavenging effects to ·OH and H2O2 were parallel to Vc.Meanwhile,polysaccharide from Lycoris.aurea had strong antimicrobial activities against Micrococcus luteus,Bacillus pumilus and Staphylococcus aureus.Conclusion: The polysaccharide extracted from L.aurea can scavenge ·OH and H2O2 effectively and inhibit Gram-positive bacterias.国家自然科学基金资助项目(30670317,30770192);; 厦门大学新世纪优秀人才支持计划(0000-X07115

Development of Molecular Markers and Their Application in Botany Research

概述了分子标记的研究进展 ,并对其在植物研究领域中的应用及前景作了介绍和展望 . 【英文摘要】 The development of molecular markers and their application in plant study were summarized,and the application prospect were pveviewed.国家自然科学基金!资助项目 (39870 6 30

Progress in Mechanisms of Plant Resistance to Salt Stress

近年来植物抗盐机理的研究进展作了概述 ,阐明了植物对盐分的反应及盐分对植物的不同伤害 ,并从盐生植物的形态、生理和分子水平上综述了盐生植物的抗盐机理 ,最后对今后植物抗盐机理的研究可能存在的问题提出了自己的观点 【英文摘要】 The research of the mechanisms of salt resistance in plants in recent years is summarized.The responses to salinity and different harms in plants are elucidated,and the mechanisms of salt resistance in plants in morphological,physiological and molecular levels are also summarized.The possible problems in research in mechanisms of salt resistance in plants are raised.国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 39870 6 30

Effects of salinity on the growth and proline,soluble sugar and protein contents of Spartina alterniflora

研究了互花米草在不同培养盐度下,株高、茎粗、叶长、叶宽、叶面积、鲜重等生长指标以及脯氨酸、可溶性糖和蛋白质含量的变化情况。结果表明,随着盐度增加,米草株高呈下降趋势,在高盐度(5 0‰)下,米草叶面积、叶长等指标与对照组相比明显下降,鲜重与低盐度组比较显著下降。米草叶片中可溶性糖、脯氨酸含量随盐度增加总体上呈上升趋势;可溶性蛋白质含量随盐度增加亦呈上升趋势,表明蛋白质合成增强。在盐胁迫下,渗透调节物质的积累作用是互花米草对盐胁迫的主要响应过程,可以作为其抗盐性的生理参数。 【英文摘要】 Under different salinity conditions,variations of height,stem diameter,leaf length and width,leaf area,fresh weight,proline,soluble sugar and protein contents of Spartina alterniflora seedlings were investigated.The results showed that the height tended to decrease with the increaseing salinity in the medium.In high salinity (50‰) treatment,the leaf area and length decreased significantly compared with control,and single plant fresh weight decreased more than those of low salinity treatments.The sugar ...国家自然科学基金项目 (3 0 2 710 65 ,3 9970 43 8,3 9870 63 0 );; 福建省自然科学基金资助项目 (D0 2 10 0 0 1