医患间交谈对儿童治疗合作程度的影响的研究

【目的】比较儿童患者在有医患交谈与无医患交谈的情况下进行口腔治疗的合作情况。【方法】将120名儿童分为甲组（10-12岁）,乙组（7-9岁）,每组再随机分为A、B、C 3小组,A组医生不与患者直接交谈,B组医生与患者简单交谈,C组医生与患者耐心交谈并简单示范。以Venham＇s Clinical Rating of Anxiety and Cooperative Behavior为判定标准,对儿童进行口腔治疗的心理及合作情况各评出一个等级分数。【结果】直接谈话组与不直接谈话组间患者的合作程度有明显区别（P〈0.01）,不同年龄组间患者的合作程度也有明显区别（P〈0.05）。【结论】儿童在进行口腔治疗时有医生与其交谈,对降低其牙科恐惧及增加其合作程度有明显帮助

胆甾醇疏水改性的羧乙基普鲁兰多糖合成及自组装性质

背景:将羧基引入疏水改性的多糖,使其自组装的纳米粒子带上表面电荷,有利于提高其稳定性,更好的发挥作为药物载体的优良性质。目的:观察合成胆甾醇疏水改性的羧乙基普鲁兰多糖在水溶液中的自组装行为及其纳米粒子的性质。方法:利用丙烯酸与普鲁兰多糖反应生成羧乙基普鲁兰多糖(CEP),然后按前期方法合成胆甾醇琥珀酰基N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(CSN),最后CSN和CEP在催化剂下生成目标物。应用核磁共振仪对产物进行表征。结果与结论:通过1H-NMR分析,表明成功合成了胆甾醇疏水改性的羧乙基普鲁兰多糖,该材料在水溶液中能自组装为具有乳光的球型纳米粒子。CHS-CEP纳米粒子平均粒径为148.6nm,平均Zeta电位约为-19.9mV,在水溶液中分散度好,分布均匀,具有长期稳定性,可作为良好的药物载体

田基黄中三个黄酮类化合物保肝退黄作用的实验研究

【目的】研究田基黄中槲皮苷(Quercetin-3-β-D-rhamnose)、异槲皮苷(Quercetin-3-β-D-glucoside)、田基黄苷(Quercetin-7-β-D-rhamnose)3个黄酮类化合物的保肝退黄作用。【方法】选用四氯化碳(CCl4)和D-氨基半乳糖胺(D-Gal)致大鼠急性肝损伤模型,观察3个黄酮类化合物对血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、门冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)的影响;用α-萘异硫氰酸酯(ANIT)致小鼠黄疸性肝损伤模型,观察3个黄酮类化合物对血清总胆红素(T.BIL)的影响。【结果】异槲皮苷、槲皮苷、田基黄苷均能显著抑制CCl4和D-Gal所致的大鼠血清ALT和AST升高,对ANIT所致的小鼠血清总胆红素升高有明显的降低作用。【结论】田基黄中3个黄酮类化合物异槲皮苷、槲皮苷、田基黄苷均有保肝退黄作用

贝壳吸声界面吸声性能试验研究

以贝壳、玻璃棉为主要材料,利用贝壳、玻璃棉、空腔组成一个吸声界面,通过驻波管吸声降噪的试验研究,探究不同厚度的贝壳层、玻璃棉层、空腔这三者的搭配组成的吸声界面的吸声频谱特性及变化规律,用于不同贝壳层厚度、不同玻璃棉厚度吸声性能的预测评估,为最终实现贝壳吸声产品研发提供参考

单、双胎早产的高危因素及早产儿结局比较研究

目的探讨双胎早产与单胎早产高危因素的特点以及单、双胎早产儿的结局。方法回顾性分析广州医科大学附属第三医院2009年1月至2015年12月的单、双胎孕产妇与新生儿临床数据资料。结果研究期间在该院分娩的36 931例新生儿,双胎2080例,单胎34 851例,其中早产5877例,双胎早产1395例(双胎早产组),早产率为67.07%;单胎早产4482例(单胎早产组),单胎早产率为12.86%,总计早产发生率为15.91%,双胎早产率明显高于单胎,差异有统计学意义(P22~26岁组、>26~30岁组、>30~34岁组、>34~39岁组和>39岁组中,双胎早产率均明显高于单胎(单胎早产率对双胎早产率分别为:19.65%vs.64.86%、11.45%vs.70.85%、10.49%vs.68.16%、12.88%vs.65.41%、19.67%vs.64.51%、22.83%vs.68.42%,P均<0.05);单、双胎孕产妇不同孕周出生率比较,双胎在孕20~37周之间的出生率均高于单胎出生率;对早产的高危因素进行对比分析,双胎早产组中人工授精、体外受精-胚胎移植、羊水过多、胎膜早破、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症的比例均明显高于单胎早产组,差异有统计学意义(1.79%vs.0.16%、1.79%vs.0.16%、2.79%vs.1.38%、32.48%vs.29.65%、19.50%vs.15.84%、2.22%vs.1.41%,P均<0.05);对新生儿的结局进行比较,单胎早产组中死胎、出生缺陷、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征发生率均明显高于双胎早产组(8.68%vs.2.22%、11.20%vs.8.52%、15.35%vs.12.90%,P均<0.05),1 min、5 min、10 min Apgar评分双胎早产组明显高于单胎早产组,差异有统计学意义[(9.43±0.023)min vs.(9.06±0.026)min、(9.85±0.013)min vs.(9.69±0.016)min、(9.92±0.011)min vs.(9.81±0.014)min,P均<0.05]。结论双胎发生早产的风险显著高于单胎,与单胎早产相比,人工授精、体外受精-胚胎移植、羊水过多、胎膜早破、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症等高危因素与双胎早产的关系更加密切,早产儿结局优于单胎早产组。国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1000405/2016YFC1000303);;国家自然科学基金(81571518

地夫可特治疗杜氏肌营养不良有效性及安全性研究进展

地夫可特作为一种糖皮质激素类药物，有利于改善杜氏肌营养不良(Duchenne muscular dystrophy, DMD)患者运动功能和肌力、延迟患者丧失自主活动时间，改善肺功能，降低脊柱侧凸风险，延缓心肌病进展及提高生存率。2017年2月，美国食品药品监督管理局批准地夫可特用于治疗DMD。2024年5月，地夫可特以“临时进口”途径进入北京协和医院定点使用。本文从作用机制、药动学、临床疗效及不良反应等方面对其进行介绍，以期为地夫可特在临床中合理、安全使用提供参考

Polymorphism of Fatty Acid of Ralstonia solanacearum in Fujian Province

【目的】利用气相色谱技术检测福建省的40株青枯雷尔氏菌(Ralstonia solanacearum)菌株细胞内的脂肪酸,分析其脂肪酸分布的多态性;研究青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸多态性与青枯雷尔氏菌现有种下分化方法之间的关系。【方法】对40株青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸进行气相色谱分析,比较同一寄主分离的青枯雷尔氏菌和不同寄主分离的青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸的分布;对40株青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸进行聚类分析,分析聚成的各类青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸的特点以及脂肪酸多态性与其生理小种、生化型和致病性之间的关系。【结果】同一寄主分离的青枯雷尔氏菌和不同寄主分离的青枯雷尔氏菌,其脂肪酸都存在着明显的多态性;对40株青枯雷尔氏菌的脂肪酸进行聚类分析,可以聚成3类,即groupⅠ、groupⅡ和groupⅢ;青枯雷尔氏菌生理小种1存在着不同的脂肪酸类群,青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸多态性与其生化型之间不存在相关性,但是脂肪酸和致病性之间存在一定的相关性:groupⅠ为无致病性菌株,groupⅡ为过渡性菌株,groupⅢ为强致病性菌株。【结论】福建省青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸分布存在着明显的多态性;青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸多态性与致病性之间存在一定的相关性,脂肪酸有望成为青枯雷尔氏菌小种鉴定的新指标。【Objective】The fatty acids of 40 strains of Ralstonia solanacearum isolated from different hosts in the fields in Fujian Province were detected by gas chromatography (GC). The polymorphism of R. solanacearum fatty acids relating to the pathogenicity was observed. 【Method】 The MIDI system and cluster analysis were introduced in analyzing fatty acids to display the relations among the polymorphism, race, biovartype and pathogenicity. 【Result】 The results showed that the patterns of fatty acids were significant different in R. solanacearum strains both isolated from the different hosts and the different body parts of the same hosts. According to the fatty acids the strains were clustered into three groups, e.g. group Ⅰ relating to the strains with non-pathogenicity, group Ⅱ in which the strain pathogenicity was changeable with some virulent and avirulent ones, and group Ⅲ respondent to high pathogenicity. It was proved that the model of fatty acids has no relations to races and biovartypes in R. solanacearum. 【Conclusion】It is the fist time to describe the polymorphism of fatty acids in R. solanacearum in this paper. The pathogenicity could be grouped by the models of fatty acids to distinguish the pathogenicity, which could be used in the identification of R. solanacearum under species differentiation.国家“863”项目(2002AA244031);; 福建省青年科技人才创新项目(2003.J046

Fingerprint analysis on methyl fatty acid and its applications in microbial study

脂肪酸甲酯谱图分析方法(Fatty Acid Methyl Ester,FAME)是鉴于脂肪酸可作为生物标记物而发展起来的分析技术。本文介绍了FAME谱图分析方法及其在微生物学领域的应用,包括在微生物检测、鉴定和微生物多样性研究中的应用。Fatty acid is an important biomarker.Its application in biology research has become increasingly popular.The method of FAME fingerprint analysis is based on fatty acid's utilization as a biomarker.This paper describes the FAME fingerprint analysis and its applications for microbial studies,including identification of unknown microbes and assessment of microbial diversity.国家863计划项目(2006AA10A211);; 福建省发展和改革委员会重点项目[闽农产(2006)10号];; 福建省青年科技人才创新项目(2003.J046

Abundance and production of bacteria and their correlations with environmental factor

以2014年8月南海北部海水样品为研究对象,利用平板计数法和流式细胞仪计数法对南海北部表层和垂直海域可培养细菌和细菌总数分布状况进行研究,对细菌; 生产力进行测定,并结合环境因子进行相关性分析。结果表明:珠江口到南海北部海域,水平方向可培养细菌总数变化范围是3.70*10~2 ~; 1.42*10~3 CFU/mL,细菌总数变化范围是5.12 * 10~5 ~1.61 * 10~6; cells/mL,细菌生产力的变化范围是0.03 ~0.40 mg/m~3/h;垂直方向上可培养细菌变化范围是1.08 *10~3 ~9.00; *10~3 CFU/mL,细菌生产力变化范围是0.01 ~0.08; mg/m~3/h,其中表层海水中的细菌生产力明显高于底层。与环境因子相关性分析表明,水平方向上,影响南海北部表层海水细菌总数和细菌生产力的主要因; 素是温度、盐度、硝酸盐(NO_3-N)、硅酸盐(SiO_3-Si)、亚硝酸盐(NO_2-N)和磷酸盐(PO_4-P)(P<0.05);垂直方向上; ,影响南海北部可培养细菌总数的主要因素是NO_2-N(P<0.05),影响细菌生产力的主要影响因素是温度和盐度(P; <0.05)。可见,南海北部表层海水中细菌总数高于可培养细菌总数2; ~3个数量级,表明该海域表层海水存在大量不可培养细菌;细菌的生命活动在海水表层相较底层更为活跃。Distribution of abundance and production of bacteria and their; correlations with environmental factor were investigated, using plate; count method and flow cytometry, in the surface and vertical waters of; the northern south China sea in August 2014. The cultivable bacterial; abundance ranged from 3.70 * 10~2 CFU/mL to 1.42 * 10~3 CFU/ mL, the; total bacterial abundance ranged from 5.12 * 10~5 cells/mL to 1.61 *; 10~6 cells/mL and the bacterial productions varied from 0.03 mg/m~3/h to; 0.40 mg/m~3/h in horizontal distribution. In vertical distribution, the; cultivable bacterial abundance ranged from 1.08 * 10~3 CFU/mL to 9.00 *; 10~3 CFU/mL and the bacterial productions varied from 0.01 mg/m~3/h to; 0.08 mg/m~3/h, respectively. The correlation analysis results showed; that the environmental factors affecting the abundance of total bacteria; and bacterial productivity included temperature, salinity,; nitrate(NO_3-N),silicate (SiO_3-Si), nitrite (NO_2-N),and phosphate; (PO_4-P) (P<0.05). NO_2-N was the main influencing factor to cultivable; bacteria abundance (P < 0.05), while bacterial productivity was highly; correlated with temperature and salinity in vertical distribution of; northern south China sea (P < 0.05). The total bacterial abundance was 2; ~ 3 orders of magnitude higher than cultivable bacteria, suggesting that; there were many uncultured bacterium in surface water of northern south; China sea and bacterial activities in the surface maybe more active than; in the bottom.全球变化与海气交互作用; 国家重点研发计划全球变化及应对专项; 海洋公益性行业科研专

Diversity of CO_2 fixation gene in the surface waters of northern South China Sea in the Calvin cycle

为揭示南海北部表层海水中参与卡尔文循环的固碳基因多样性及其与环境因子的关系,本研究以卡尔文循环中的关键酶核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶(Rubis CO)的Ⅰ、Ⅱ型基因(cbbL、cbbM)作为分子标记,采用Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术对海水中的固碳基因多样性进行分析,并结合多元统计分析的方法,探讨了固碳基因多样性与环境因子的关系.结果显示,在南海北部表层海水中,含cbbL基因固碳基因主要归属于变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、蓝藻门(Cyanobacteria)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes),其中,优势亚群分别是γ-变形菌亚门(45.3%)、蓝细菌(30.9%)和β-变形杆菌亚门(23.8%);而含cbbM基因的固碳菌群未检测到;近岸的A9站位与其他站位物种组成有一定的差异,异着色菌属(Allochromatium)、硫杆菌属(Thiobacillus)和硫单胞菌属(Thiohalomonas)为其特有菌属.相关性和冗余分析(RDA)结果显示,含cbbL基因的固碳基因丰度与水温、盐度呈显著负相关(p<0.01),与硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、硅酸盐呈显著正相关(p<0.01).To elucidate the diversity of CO_2 fixation and its relationship with environmental factors in surface water of northern South China Sea,the coding gene form I( cbbL) and form II( cbbM)( that encodes Ribulose-1,5-biphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase( Rubis CO) were chosen as biomarkers in Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle( a common carbon fixation pathway for chemolithoautotrophic microorganisms) to analyze the carbon sequestration gene diversity. The Illumina Miseq sequencing method and multivariate statistical analysis were employed. The cbbM gene was not detected in any of samples,while the cbbL gene was found in all samples. The cbbL-containing genetic communities were dominated by Proteobacteria,Cyanobacteria and Firmicutes,in which γ-Proteobacteria( 45. 3%),Cyanobacteria( 30. 9%),β-Proteobacteria( 23. 8%) were predominant subpopulation. There were differences between the nearshore station of A9 with other stations,in which Allochromatiu,Thiobacillus and Thiohalomonas were unique species in A9 station.Relativity and redundancy analysis suggest that water temperature, salinity, nitrate, nitrite, silicate were highly statistically significant factors.Temperature and salinity were positively( p < 0. 01),while the other three factors negatively influenced CO_2 fixation gene of cbbL gene abundance( p <0. 01).全球变化与海气交互作用专项(No.GASI-03-01-02-05);; 海洋公益性行业科研专项(No.201305030,201405007)~