中国南方地区罗非鱼无乳链球菌的分子流行病学研究

从广东省以及海南省等地区养殖的患病罗非鱼体内分离、收集到多株致病菌,经生化分析和分子生物学鉴定,均为无乳链球菌。对这些菌株分别进行了耐药谱测定、分子分型试验以及分子血清型分析。药敏试验结果表明,2007—2010年分离到的无乳链球菌耐药谱基本相似;多位点可变数目串联重复序列分析(MLVA)试验中,选择5个高变异指数的可变数目重复位点(VNTR)进行分子分型,结果表明,所有鱼源无乳链球菌菌株为同一MLVA型,而作为对照的牛源无乳链球菌则明显不同;为了对这些菌株进一步分型,分别进行了分子血清型和表面蛋白抗原基因的检测,结果表明,鱼源无乳链球菌的分子血清型均为Ⅰa型,表面蛋白抗原均为alpha-C蛋白。这进一步说明了不同年份和不同地区的鱼源无乳链球菌在基因水平上为同一分子类型,具有相同的起源或传染源。同时也说明,我国南方地区罗非鱼无乳链球菌在这几年中未发生明显的遗传变异。这些结果为罗非鱼无乳链球菌病疫苗研制,疫病监测及药物防治的研究提供理论依据

pJAK2 polypeptide,an antagonist of suppressors of cytokine signaling-1,can enhance the antitumor effect of dendritic cells

目的:探讨细胞因子信号转导抑制因子-1(SuPPrESSOrS Of CyTOkInE SIgnAlIng1,SOCS1)拮抗物PJAk2多肽(氨基酸序列号为1001-1013)参与树突状细胞(dEndrITIC CEllS,dCS)的体外诱导培养后对dCS抗肿瘤作用的影响。方法:采集健康人外周血,离心获得单个核细胞,用重组人粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(rECOMbInAnT HuMAn grAnulOCyTE-MACrOPHAgE COlOny STIMulATIng fACTOr,rHgM-CSf)及重组人白细胞介素-4(rECOMbInAnT HuMAn InTErlEukIn-4,rHIl-4)诱导dCS,第5天分为4组:单纯dCS培养(对照)组、抗原负载(lySATE-dCS)组、多肽修饰(PJAk2-dCS)组和抗原与多肽共培养(lySATE+PJAk2-dCS)组,第6天各组加入肿瘤坏死因子-α(TuMOr nECrOSIS fACTOr-AlPHA,Tnf-α)促成熟。倒置显微镜下观察dCS形态;fCM法检测dCS表型;乳酸脱氢酶(lACTATE dEHydrOgEnASE,ldH)细胞毒实验检测各组细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CyTOTOXIC T lyMPHOCyTE,CTl)对胃癌细胞bgC-823的靶向杀伤作用;ElISA法检测白细胞介素-12(InTErlEukIn-12,Il-12)和γ干扰素(InTErfErOn-γ,Ifn-γ)的水平。结果:与未加入诱导剂组相比,各组均成功诱导出成熟dCS,均高表达Cd80、Cd83、Cd86和人类白细胞dr抗原(HuMAn lEukOCyTE AnTIgEn dr,HlA-dr),但以lySATE+PJAk2-dCS组的表达水平最高。在10:1~30:1的效靶比范围内,CTl杀伤作用与效靶比呈正相关。当效靶比为30:1时,对照组的CTl杀伤率达(19.77±2.34)%,低于其他3组(P<0.01),而lySATE+PJAk2-dCS组较lySATE-dCS组及PJAk2-dCS组都高(P<0.05)。lySATE+PJAk2-dCS组培养上清液中Il-12及Ifn-γ的分泌水平明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:SOCS1拮抗物PJAk2多肽(1001-1013)可增强dCS对胃癌细胞的抗原递呈及特异性抗肿瘤作用。Objective:To investigate the effect of pJAK2 polypeptide,an antagonist of SOCS1(suppressors of cytokine signaling 1),on antitumor effect of in vitro cultivation-induced DCs(dendritic cells).Methods:Peripheral blood was collected from the healthy volunteers,and the PBMCs(peripheral blood mononuclear cells)were isolated.DCs were induced by rhGM-CSF(recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor)and rhIL-4(recombinant human interleukin-4).On the fifth day,DCs were divided into four groups:control group,Lysate-DCs group,pJAK2-DCs group,and Lysate + pJAK2 DCs group.On the sixth day,TNF-α(tumor necrosis factor-alpha)was added into each group.The morphological features of DCs were observed under an inverted microscope;the phenotypes were detected by FCM(flow cytometry);the killing effect of CTLs(cytotoxic T lymphocytes)on gastric cancer BGC-823 cells was evaluated by LDH(lactate dehydrogenase)cytotoxicity test;the concentrations of IL-12(interleukin-12)and IFN-γ(interferon-γ)were detected by ELISA(enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay).Results:Mature DCs presented typically morphological and phenotypic features;the DCs in Lysate + pJAK2-DCs group had the highest expression levels of CD80,CD83,CD86 and HLA-DR(human leukocyte antigen DR).When the ratio of effectors to target cells ranged from 10:1 to 30:1,the killing activity of CTLs had a positive correlation with the ratio.When the ratio of effectors to target cells was 30:1,the killing activity of CTLs in the control group was(19.77±2.34)%,which was lowest as compared with the other groups(P < 0.01),meanwhile the killing activity of CTLs in Lysate + pJAK2-DCs group was higher than those in Lysate-DCs and pJAK2-DCs groups(P < 0.05).The levels of IL-12 and IFN-γ secretion in Lysate + pJAK2-DCs group were apparently higher than those in the control group(P < 0.01).Conclusion:An antagonist of SOCS1,pJAK2 polypeptide,can enhance the ability of antigen presentation and specific antitumor effect of DCs on gastric cancer cells.南京军区医学科技创新课题资助项目(编号:10MA068); 福建省自然科学基金面上项目(编号:2010D013); 厦门市科技计划创新项目(编号:3502z20104014

阴阳思想与语言研究:关联与启示

阴阳思想是中国古代认知体系中的一个重要命题,有丰富的内涵和普遍适用性,被应用于多个领域和学科研究中。阴阳对立统一,相互依存,从这一关系角度出发,可以形象地阐释语言符号的构成及意义的生成过程,也可使文学作品中性属问题的研究视角更加多元,还能为语言跨文化交际研究带来新的视角

Optimization of β lactam antibiotics regimens against bloodstream infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

目的制定某院B内酰胺类在铜绿假单胞菌（PA）血流感染中的治疗方案。方法收集某院2015年至2016年血培养中铜绿假单胞菌共64株，测定B内酰胺类（哌拉西林／他唑巴坦，头孢他啶，头孢吡肟，亚胺培南，美罗培南）对铜绿假单胞菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。用蒙特卡洛模拟计算多种治疗方案的达标率（PrA）和累积反应分数（CFR）。结果经验治疗时，哌拉西彬他唑巴坦4．5g（q6h），头孢他啶2g（q8h），头孢吡肟2g（q8h），亚胺培南1g（q6h），美罗培南1g（q8h，q6h），共6种方案的CFR值〉90％；目标治疗时，当MIC≥16μg·mL^-1时，模拟的所有方案达标概率值均（90％。结论铜绿假单胞菌血流感染经验治疗时可选哌拉西林／他唑巴坦4．5g（q6h），头孢他啶2g（q8h），头孢吡肟2g（q8h），亚胺培南1g（q6h），美罗培南1g（q8h，q6h）；目标治疗当MIC≥16μg·mL^-1时需要联合用药。Objective To develop the regimens of β lactam antibiotics against bloodstream infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa （PA）. Methods A total of 64 strains of PA cultured by blood from 2015 to 2016, the minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC）of piperacillin/ tazobactam （ TZP ）, ceflazidine （ CAZ ）, cefepime （ FEP ）, imipenem （IPM）, meropenem（MEM） against PA were determined, probability of talget attainment （ PTA ） and cumulative fraction of response （CFR） were calculated by monte carlo simulation. Results CFRs of TZP4. 5 g （q6 h）, CAZ 2 g（q8 h）, FEP2 g（q8 h）, IPM 1 g（q6 h） and MEM 1 g （q8 h, q6 h） were 〉 90% at experiential therapy, when MIC ≥16 μg · mL-1 at target therapy, PTA of all regimens 〈 90%. Conclusion when the patient was PA bloodstream infection, we suggest TZP 4. 5 g （q6 h）, CAZ2 g（q8 h）, FEP2 g（q8 h）, IPM 1 g（q6 h） and MEM 1 g（q8 h, q6 h） regimens at experiential therapy, and combined with other antibiotics at target therapy when MIC ≥ 16 μg · mL-1

Functions of Repetition as a Rhetorical Device Viewed from Critical Discourse Analysis— A Corpus-based Contrastive analysis

反复是语篇建构过程中常见的修辞手段,目前对反复修辞的功能探讨多集中在其语篇、文体和语用功能。本文从批评语篇分析视角出发,尝试提出反复具有社会认知功能的假设,并建立奥巴马和布什竞选期间演讲的小型语料库,通过对语料库中单词、短语、小句反复的统计及对比分析对该假设予以验证。研究发现反复修辞具有聚焦社会现实和建立最佳语境关联的认知功能,同时具有服务思想意识、建构理想人际关系、协调行动的社会功能。Repetition as a rhetorical device is frequently seen in discourse formation.Existing studies of repetition mainly focus on its textual,stylistic and pragmatic functions.Inspired by Critical Discourse Analysis,this study tentatively brings forward the assumption that repetition assumes cognitive and social functions and further tests the assumption by calculating and contrastively analyzing the word,phrase and clause repetition in Obama's and Bush's campaign speeches.The study finds that repetition functions cognitively to foreground social reality and establish optimal relevance of context and at the same time it functions socially to maintain ideology,construct ideal interpersonal relations and coordinate social actions.国家社科基金项目“英美领导人在跨文化交际语境中的英文演讲之批评话语分析”(项目编号:08BYY072)的阶段性成

Optimization of beta lactam antibiotics regimens against bloodstream infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

目的制定某院beta内酰胺类在铜绿假单胞菌(PA)血流感染中的治疗方案。方法收集某院2015年至2016年血培养中铜绿假单胞菌共64株,测定; beta内酰胺类(哌拉西林/他唑巴坦,头孢他啶,头孢吡肟,亚胺培南,美罗培南)对铜绿假单胞菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)。用蒙特卡洛模拟计算多种治疗; 方案的达标率(PTA)和累积反应分数(CFR)。结果经验治疗时,哌拉西林/他唑巴坦4.5 g(q6 h),头孢他啶2 g(q8 h),头孢吡肟2; g(q8 h),亚胺培南1 g(q6 h),美罗培南1 g(q8 h, q6 h),共6种方案的CFR值> 90%;目标治疗时,当MIC≥16; mug·mL~(-1)时,模拟的所有方案达标概率值均 90% at; experiential therapy,when MIC≥16 mug·mL~(-1) at target therapy,PTA of; all regimens < 90%. Conclusion when the patient was PA bloodstream; infection,we suggest TZP 4.5 g (q6 h),CAZ 2 g(q8 h),FEP 2 g(q8 h),IPM 1; g(q6 h) and MEM 1 g(q8 h,q6 h) regimens at experiential therapy,and; combined with other antibiotics at target therapy when MIC≥16; mug·mL~(-1)

H_2S gas sensitivity of UV light activated WO_3 gas sensors

以热氧化钨丝法制备的WO3纳米材料为基材制备了厚膜气敏元件,在常温、紫外光激发条件下实验测试了所制纯WO3气敏元件对不同体积分数的H2S气体的气敏特性曲线,探讨了元件对H2S的灵敏度与紫外光的辐射通量密度的依赖关系。结果表明,常温、无紫外光照下WO3气敏元件对H2S不敏感,而在常温及紫外光激发下WO3气敏元件对H2S的灵敏度显著增大,且随着紫外光辐射通量密度增加,元件对H2S的灵敏度先增大而后减小。The thick film gas sensors were prepared by using WO3 nano-materials that prepared by the method of thermal oxidation of tungsten.Under the condition of room temperature and UV excitation,gas sensing characteristic curves of the prepared pure WO3 gas sensors to H2S gas with different volume fractions were tested.Dependencies between sensitivity of WO3 gas sensors to H2S and UV radiant flux density were investigated.The results show that under the room temperature condition,the WO3 gas sensors are not sensitive to H2S without UV irradiation,while the WO3 gas sensors are significantly sensitive to H2S with UV excitation,and with the increase of UV radiant flux density,the sensitivity of gas sensors to H2S first increases and then decreases.福建省省属高校科研专项资助项目(No.JK2011039); 福建省自然科学基金资助项目(No.2012D110;No.2013J05014); 国家级大学生创新项目资助(No.201310395003

系统性红斑狼疮患者高表达的CD154促进自身抗体分泌

目的】探讨系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）患者外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）CD154表达水平、及CD40/CD154对SLE患者分泌自身抗体的影响和地塞米松（Dex）对此的作用。【方法】选择SLE活动期患者（10例）和正常对照者（11例）,分离PBMC,检测其CD154的表达水平;培养PBMC,应用CD40 mAb和Dex进行干预,使用ELISA法检测培养液上清抗dsDNA水平。【结果】①活动期组PBMC CD154表达水平明显高于对照组6.4%±2.1%vs 1.5%±1.2%,（P〈0.05）;②活动期组培养液上清抗dsDNA抗体水平明显高于对照组[（11.8±6.8）U/mL vs（5.6±2.3）U/mL（RPMI 1640）,（11.4±7.0）U/mL vs（6.3±2.1）U/mL（IgG）,P均〈0.05];③CD40 mAb使两组培养液上清抗dsDNA抗体水平明显增高[活动期组：（18.6±7.7）U/mL vs（11.8±6.9）U/mL,对照组：（8.3±4.4）U/mL sv（5.6±2.3）U/mL,P均〈0.05]。④在活动期组,Dex明显抑制CD40 mAb引起的PBMC培养液上清抗dsDNA抗体水平的增高[（8.8±5.2）U/mL vs（18.6±7.7）U/mL,P〈0.05],使其低于非特异性处理时水平[（8.8±5.2）U/mL vs（11.8±6.8）U/mL,P〈0.05];Dex不影响对照组。【结论】活动期SLE患者PBMC表达的CD154水平升高,此能够促进抗dsDNA抗体的分泌,而Dex能够抑制其作用

暹罗鳄多肽粉提高机体免疫力及抗疲劳的效应

为研究暹罗鳄多肽粉对小鼠免疫力及抗疲劳效应的影响,对小鼠的免疫能力和相关血清指标进行了测定,同时也对小鼠的运动能力及疲劳代谢指标进行了测定.实验结果显示:暹罗鳄多肽粉可以促进小鼠胸腺和脾脏的生长,免疫力得到提高.相对于对照组小鼠,暹罗鳄多肽粉组小鼠血清中的总蛋白、血钙、白蛋白含量升高(p<0.05),谷丙转氨酶(ALT)的活力和血糖浓度下降(p<0.05).小鼠爬绳及负重游泳实验发现服用了暹罗鳄多肽粉的小鼠垂直爬绳时间和负重游泳时间均高于对照组的(p<0.01),小鼠的耐力增强.进一步通过建立抗疲劳小鼠力竭游泳模型研究了暹罗鳄多肽粉的抗疲劳动物学功效,结果显示相对于对照组,暹罗鳄多肽粉组小鼠血液中尿素氮(BUN)和乳酸(LA)的含量以及乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的酶活力均降低(p<0.05),而超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的酶活力升高(p<0.05).综上结果表明暹罗鳄多肽粉可能有保肝护肝,提高肌体免疫力以及抗疲劳等功效.福建省自然科学基金项目(2016J05105);;广东省自然科学基金博士启动项目(2016A030310374);;厦门大学生命科学学院-福建鼍龙鳄鱼生物制品研发协同创新中心项目(XDHT2017004C

Estimation of the sources of organophosphorus pesticides in Xiamen sea area,

利用SPEGCFPD对厦门附近海域的微表层、表层、底层海水及九龙江入海口高、低潮水中有机磷农药进行了分析.结果表明,有机磷农药的含量范围为:低于检测限～725.54ng·L-1,平均值为136.47ng·L-1.研究海区中马銮内湾有机磷农药污染最为严重(165.77～453.42ng·L-1,平均296.01ng·L-1),九龙江口、西海域和西南海域污染水平接近(16.26～200.65ng·L-1,平均84.59ng·L-1),东部海域有机磷农药污染最轻(10.38～66.01ng·L-1,平均38.14ng·L-1).九龙江入海口高潮水中农药的浓度明显低于低潮水中浓度,说明海域中多数农药污染来源于九龙江流域输入,少数农药来源于海域周边地区或九龙江流域和海域周边地区共同输入,微表层对有机磷农药的富集作用不明显. 【英文摘要】 Organophosphorus Pesticides (OPPs) were determined in microsurface water, subsurface water and bottom water in Xiamen sea area with SPE-GC-FPD. The result showed that the levels of all OPPs ranged from below detection limit to 725.54ng·L -1, the mean was 136.47ng·L -1. The pollution in Maluan Bay was the most serious(165.77～453.42ng·L -1,mean 296.01ng·L -1) and the Eastern Sea was the slightest(10.38～66.01ng·L -1,mean 38.14ng·L -1). Meanwhile, the levels of OPPs in Jiulong estuary were closed to that in the...国家自然科学基金(No.40106012)~