A new technique of rehabilitation training based on motor imagine using brain computer interface-func-tional electric stimulation system and it＇s effect on plasticity of brain of a stroke patient

目的:验证脑机接口结合功能性电刺激(BCI-FES)在中枢神经康复中的可行性及其机制。方法:对1例40岁男性脑卒中后左侧上肢重度瘫痪患者进行4周的基于运动想象的BCI-FES训练,训练前后各进行一次系统上肢功能评价及包含"运动"及"想象"组块的fMRI检测,进行功能激活图的绘制。结果:经过为期1个月的训练后左手最快抓握速度提高24.7%,左手抓握运动时功能性磁共振成像(fMRI)激活表现为出现病灶同侧主要运动区(M1)及辅助运动区(SMA)的激活,病灶对侧M1区及运动前区(PMC)激活较训练前减弱。左手运动想象任务时出现了双侧SMA及病灶同侧右后顶叶的激活。结论:脑机交互技术可促进脑卒中患者的中枢神经重塑。BCI-FES应用于存在脑损伤的脑卒中患者的康复训练是可行的。Objective： To study the feasibility of brain computer interface combined with functional electric stimulation （BC1-FES） applied to a patient with stroke as a new rehabilitation training system and to explore its mechanism. Method： The participant was a 40 years old man with severe left-hand paralysis after stroke. He received 4 weeks training with BCI-FES system based on motor imagine. The motor function of upper limb was assessed and fMRI examination was conducted pre- and after training. Result： Maximum grasp-relax speed of affected hand increased by 24.7% after training. When motion task was executed the activations in primary motor area（M1） and supplement motor area（$MA） of ipsilateral hemisphere were observed with fMRI after training, and eontralateral activations in M1 and premotor eortex（PMC） decreased in addition. When motor imagine task was executed, the activations transferred to bilateral SMA and ipsilateral posterior parietal after BCI training. Conclusion： BCI-FES was a kind of feasible rehabilitation therapy for stroke survivor. The mechanism of func- tional recovery by using BCI-FES was to promote the plasticity of central nervous system

干旱内陆河流域平原区生态环境需水分析——以新疆自治区台兰河流域为例/Eco-environmental Water Requirement of Plain Regions in Arid Inland River Basin——A Case Study on Tailan River Basin in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region[J]

从干旱区台兰河流域存在的环境问题出发,在确定流域平原区生态环境需水类型的基础上,构建了台兰河流域平原区生态环境需水定量模型,估算了流域平原区生态环境的规模。计算结果表明,台兰河平原区最大生态环境需水量为4.146×10^8m^3,最小生态环境需水量为2.372×10^8m^3,最适生态环境需水量为2.983×10^8m^3,分别占台兰河平原区水资源总量（8.121×10^8m^3）的51.05%,29.21%和36.73%。在不考虑河流输沙需水量的情况下,台兰河河流生态环境需水量平均为1.440×10^8m^3。在考虑输沙需水量的情况下,河流生态环境需水量平均为2.604×10^8m^3。明确了在确定流域生态环境需水量时,必须考虑研究区环境状况和生态保护目标,从而在不同区域和用水部门间进行调配,并针对流域不同的生态系统状况和对应生态系统类型确定了面向生态的水资源合理配置方案