170-летие открытия рутения в России

170th Anniversary of ruthenium discovery in RussiaОткрыти

Актуальные направления развития химии и технологии платиновых металлов

The actual dirtections in the chemistry and technology of platinum metals for the future decade are formulated. The modern technology of platinum metals is discussed. The modern methods in technology are suggested for they industrial applicationСформулированы актуальные направления развития химии платиновых металлов на ближайшее десятилетие. Рассмотрено современное состояние технологии платиновых металлов и высказаны рекомендации по внедрению в производство современных технологических методов и приемов

Reaction of carbonyl-stabilized sulfonium ylides with trivalent derivatives of group VB elements

1. Triethylamine demethylates 2-methylphenyl- and 2-dimethylsulfuranylidenedimedon to give, in the presence of sodium tetraphenylboranate, methyltriethylammonium tetraphenylboranate. 2. Triphenylstibine and triphenylbismuth demethylate 2-methylphenyl sulfur anylidenedimedon, which is indicated by the isolation of 2-phenylsulfenyldimedon in these reactions. © 1979 Plenum Publishing Corporation

Reaction of methylphenylselenuranylidene derivatives of dimedon and dibenzoylmethane with triphenylphosphine and tris(dimethylamino)phosphine

Triphenylphosphine and tris (dimethylamino)phosphine demethylate 2-methylphenylselenuranylidenedimedon and methylphenylselenuranylidenedibenzoylmethane to give the corresponding enolate-anion of phosphonium salts. © 1980 Plenum Publishing Corporation

Reaction of carbonyl-stabilized selenonium ylides with derivatives of some group V trivalent elements

1. The "iodonium method" is an efficient way of synthesizing the selenonium ylides: 2-methylphenylselenuranylidenedimedon and methylphenylselenuranylidenedibenzoylmethane. 2. Similar to S-alkyl-substituted sulfonium ylides, 2-methylphenylselenuranylidenedimedon and methylphenylselenuraaylidenedibenzoylmethane when treated with Et3N or Ph3As in the presence of NaBPh4 are demethylated to give the corresponding ammonium and arsonium tetraphenylborates. © 1979 Plenum Publishing Corporation

Application of palladium complexes bearing acyclic amino(hydrazido)carbene ligands as catalysts for copper-free Sonogashira cross-coupling

Metal-mediated coupling of one isocyanide in cis-[PdCl2(CNR1)2] (R1 = C6H11 (Cy) 1, tBu 2, 2,6-Me2C6H3 (Xyl) 3, 2-Cl-6-MeC6H34) and various carbohydrazides R2CONHNH2 [R2 = Ph 5, 4-ClC6H46, 3-NO2C6H47, 4-NO2C6H48, 4-CH3C6H49, 3,4-(MeO)2C6H310, naphth-1-yl 11, fur-2-yl 12, 4-NO2C6H4CH213, Cy 14, 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-yl 15, (pyrrolidin-1-yl)C(O) 16, 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propane-1-yl 17, EtNHC(O) 18] or sulfohydrazides R3SO2NHNH2 [R3 = Ph 19, 4-MeC6H420] led to a series of (hydrazido)(amino)carbene complexes cis-[PdCl2{C(NHNHX)double bond; length as m-dashN(H)R1}(CNR1)]; X = COR2, SO2R3 (21–48, isolated yields 60–96%). All prepared species were characterized by elemental analyses (C, H, N), HR ESI+-MS, IR, 1H and 13C{1H} NMR spectroscopy, and by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction for 38. Complexes 21–48 demonstrated excellent activity as catalysts in copper-free Sonogashira coupling of aryl iodides and a variety of aromatic terminal alkynes. Catalytic system runs in environmentally benign EtOH ensuring product yields of up to 75–96% and TONs of up to 104. Mechanism of the copper-free Sonogashira catalytic cycle involving 21–48 as catalysts was proposed upon identification of key intermediates using HRESI-mass

Ethynyl Around the HII Regions S255 and S257

Abstract: We present the results of the ethynyl (C2H) emission line observations towards the S255 and S257 HII regions and the molecular cloud between them. Radial profiles of line brightness, column density, and abundance of C2H are obtained. We show that the radial profile of the ethynyl abundance is almost flat towards the HII regions and drops by a factor of two towards the molecular cloud. At the same time, we find that the ethynyl abundance is at maximum towards the point sources in the molecular cloud—the stars with emission lines or emitting in X-ray. Line profiles are consistent with the assumption that both HII regions have front and back neutral walls those move relative to each other. © 2021, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.We are grateful to L.E. Pirogov, S.V. Kalenskii for valuable advice during the processing of observational data, to D.A. Semenov for a discussion of the chemistry of ethynyl, and to anonymous referee for valuable comments. This study was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (contract No. 20-02-00643 А). Anna Punanova is a member of the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft partner group in the Ural Federal University. Anna Punanova is supported by the Russian Ministry of Science and Higher Education via state assignment FEUZ-2020-0038

Физико-химические основы экстракционного выделения палладия из солянокислых растворов оксиоксимами и их смесями

The extraction of Pd(II) from solution HCl by hydroxyoxime 5-(1,1,3,3- tetrametylbutyl)-2- hydroxybenzylphenyloxime (ABP) and mixture of hydroxyoximes with kerosene has been studied. The technological schema of Pd extraction from solution HCl with use of ABP has been suggested. The extraction metod of Pd by mixture of 1015% 5-nonyl-2-hydroxybenzylloxim (Аcorga P-50) + 57% trioctylamin (ТОА) + 810% isooctanol, with high yield in wide diaposons of acidity has been suggestedИсследована экстракция Pd(II) и сопутствующих элементов из растворов HCl 5-(1,1,3,3-тетра- метилбутил)-2-оксибензофеноноксимом (АБФ) и смесями, содержащими оксиоксимы в керосине. Предложена технологическая схема селективного извлечения Pd из растворов HCl с использованием АБФ

Исследование психологических особенностей детей и подростков с заболеваниями органов пищеварения

Objective: The present study was aimed at the psychological characteristics of children with different chronic diseases of the digestive system and the identification of key factors influencing the formation of their personality.Methods: The continuous prospective study of psychological peculiarities of 125 patients (7−17 y.o.) with diseases of the digestive system who have been monitored at Scientific Centre of Children’s Health (Moscow) was performed. As research methods were used: analysis of medical and pedagogical documentation, participant observation, educational experiment, interview, questionnaires and projective methods.Results: The study involved 125 patients aged 7–17 years (12.4 averagely) with diseases of the digestive system including teens — 68 (54%), primary school pupil — 57 (46%). The number of boys significantly prevailed over the number of girls (2:1). The study confirmed the existence of a close relationship and mutual influence of three factors: the physical condition, social situation of development, and individual psychological characteristics of children. According to the psychological characteristics the children can be combined in three groups: Group I (47 of 125 people; 37.6%) ― children with bad psychological status. This is most typical for children with active form of chronic diseases requiring intensive medical assistance (37 of 47 people; 78.7%). Group II (59 of 125 people; 47.2%) ― children with instable psychological condition, with risk of neurotization. This group mainly comprises patients with chronic diseases at the stage of unstable clinical remission with preserved or compensated functions of organism bodies and systems or with incomplete compensation of functions requiring long term supportive treatment (45 of 59 people; 76.3%). Group III ― patients with rather stable psychological condition (19 of 125 people; 15.2%). It comprises patients with rather stable psychological condition, anyway, with expressed psychological vulnerability in stress situation. Most children suffer from chronic diseases of different etiology at the stage of clinical remission with rare aggravations, with preserved or compensated functions, provided there are no aggravations of the basic disease (17 of 19 people; 89.5%).Conclusion: Most children with diseases of the digestive system have the psychological difficulties, while their identity is often formed in the distorted social conditions. Therefore, these children need psychological and pedagogical support, as well the special psychological and pedagogical conditions for the realization of their mental and cognitive capacities. To put together a program of psychological and educational assistance we should take into account the child’s age at the moment of occurrence of the disease, etiology, duration and severity of the illness, the nature and degree of non-compliance of social environmental.Цель исследования: изучить психологические особенности детей с различными хроническими заболеваниями органов пищеварения и установить основные факторы, влияющие на процесс формирования личности.Методы: проведено сплошное проспективное исследование психологических особенностей детей с болезнями органов пищеварения, наблюдавшихся в Научном центре здоровья детей Минздрава России (Москва). В качестве методов исследования были использованы анализ медицинской и педагогической документации, включенное наблюдение, беседа, опросный и проективный методы.Результаты: обследовано 125 пациентов в возрасте 7−17 (средний возраст 12,4) лет с болезнями органов пищеварения, из них подростков — 68 (54%), младших школьников — 57 (46%). Число мальчиков преобладало над числом девочек (2:1). В исследовании подтверждено наличие связи и взаимного влияния 3 факторов — физического состояния, социальной ситуации развития и индивидуальных психологических характеристик детей. По психологическим особенностям детей можно было объединить в 3 группы: I (n =47; 37,6%) ― дети в тяжелом психологическом состоянии, у большинства из которых (n =37; 78,7%) заболевание находилось в активной стадии, требующей интенсивной медицинской помощи; II (n =59; 47,2%) ― дети с неустойчивым психологическим состоянием и высоким риском невротизации личности, у многих из которых (n =45; 76,3%) заболевание находилось в стадии нестойкой клинической ремиссии с сохраненными или компенсированными функциями органов и систем организма либо неполной компенсацией функций, требующей длительного поддерживающего лечения; III (n =19; 15,2%) ― пациенты с относительно стабильным психологическим состоянием и высокой психологической уязвимостью в ситуации стресса, у большинства из которых (n =17; 89,5%) болезнь перешла в стадию клинической ремиссии c редкими обострениями, с сохранными или компенсированными функциями, требующую регулярного контроля врачами-специалистами.Заключение: большинство детей с болезнями органов пищеварения имеют психологические трудности, и их личность формируется в искаженных социальных условиях, ввиду чего они нуждаются в психолого-педагогической поддержке и создании специальных психолого-педагогических условий для реализации их психологического и познавательного потенциала. При составлении программы психолого-педагогической помощи необходимо учитывать возраст ребенка на момент возникновения болезни, этиологию и степень тяжести заболевания ребенка, длительность, характер и выраженность несоответствия социальных условий среды его возрастным и индивидуальным психологическим потребностям

НАНОЧАСТИЦЫ ГИДРОКСОКАРБОНАТА ЦЕРИЯ, ИНКРУСТИРОВАННЫЕ ПАЛЛАДИЕМ. СИНТЕЗ И ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ

Cerium(III) nitrate and urea solution mixture were treated by hydrothermal and microwavehydrothermal methods, as a result cerium(III) carbonate hydroxide nanoparticles (22-37 nm) were obtained. Cerium(III) carbonate hydroxide nanoparticles, encrusted by palladium were obtained using palladium reduction process from cerium(III) carbonate hydroxide solution. It is shown, that palladium occurrence disturbs hard hydrogen bond system, leading to carbonate hydroxide nanoparticles structure disorder and also increases efficiency of catalytic reactivity process.Из смеси растворов нитрата церия(III) и мочевины с использованием различных методов и приемов выделены наночастицы (22-37 нм) гидроксокарбоната церия(III). Путем восстановления палладия в растворах в присутствии гидроксокарбоната церия(III) получены образцы наночастиц гидроксокарбоната церия(III) с поверхностью, инкрустированной палладием. Показано, что присутствие Pd нарушает жесткую систему водородных связей матрицы и приводит к разупорядочению строения наночастиц гидроксокарбоната. Подчеркивается перспективность использования указанных композитов в катализе