Research on tourists' attitudes on the potential of Goč mountain for the development of eco-tourism

Goč Mountain has a wealth of natural resources, which represent the most important prerequisite for the development of ecotourism. However, the natural resources of this mountain are inadequately utilized for tourism. The aim of the research is to examine the views of tourists on the possibilities for the development of ecotourism on the mountain Goč, with a view to the more intensive tourist development of this mountain. Special attention is paid to the analysis of possibilities for expanding the existing tourist offer, additional attractive contents and activities, which would contribute to the greater competitiveness of this mountain in the ecotourism market. The survey method was used to collect primary data in the research and it included 174 respondents. The results of the descriptive statistical analysis showed that Goč Mountain has the potential for ecotourism development and that the construction of eco-accommodation facilities would contribute to the greater competitiveness of Goč Mountain.Publishe

Kulturni i verski motivi kao faktori odluke za putovanjem: studija slučaja Neum

Kako su se na turističkom tržištu tokom pandemije Kovid-19 pojavile nove turističke destinacije, koje su svojom otvorenošću privlačile veliki broj turista, tako je cilj ovog rada bio da ispita koji su motivi bili glavni faktori odluke za putovanjem u jednu od takvih destinacija, kakav je i Neum. Gradić u Bosni i Hercegovini, bio je predmet ponude velikog broja turističkih agencija tokom pandemije Kovid-19, ali i tražnje turista. U radu se prošlo od pretpostavke da su odmor i relaksacija na moru bili glavni motivi i faktori odluke turista za putovanjem u Neum. Međutim, istraživanje koje je sprovedeno na uzorku od 92 turista koji su u julu 2021. godine boravili u Neumu, pokazalo je da su kulturni i verski motivi Neuma bili njihov glavni motiv za putovanjem u ovaj grad

Efekti antibiotika koji deluju na ćelijske membrane na srce pacova

The effect of some membrane active ionophoric antibiotics on the amplitude of contractions of isolated rat heart right ventricle was studied. The effects of polyether nigericin, polyene amphotericin B and peptide antibiotic polymyxin B were examined. Nigericin in a concentration of 1.38 _mol/L exerts a positive inotropic effect with its maximal value (+29%) 15 minutes after application. Amphotericin B in a concentration of 1.08 _mol/L caused a positive inotropic effect, which was maximal in the 30th minute of the experiment (+28%). Polymyxin B in a concentration of 0.84 _mol/L caused a positive inotropic effect, which was maximal (+32%) 20 minutes after application.Amfotericin B, nigericin i polimiksin B pokazuju pozitivni inotropni efekat na izolovanu desnu komoru srca pacova. Imajući u vidu nižu toksičnost jonofornih antibiotika u poređenju sa glikozidnim supstancama koje se u farmakoterapiji koriste kao kardiotonici i visoku selektivnost jonofora prema nekim katjonima, dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na moguću upotrebu ovih supstanci u poboljšanju funkcije insuficijentnog miokarda

Emergence of travel agencies in Yugoslavia as drivers of the development of travel culture

Although the idea of the creation of the first travel agency in Yugoslavia existed in the middle of the 19th century, it took more than sixty years to establish the first travel agency, Putnik, in Belgrade in 1923. Founding of a tourist agency initiated numerous trips, both domestic and foreign, to the places of former Yugoslavia. The most popular destinations in Yugoslavia in the first half of the 20th century were in southern Serbia, Slovenia and the Adriatic. During 1930, business operations of Putnik were marked by cruises and thematic exhibitions in Paris, London, Nice, as well as the opening of a large number of branches in different cities, in the country and abroad. Until the beginning of World War I, important events for the development of tourist travels in Yugoslavia occurred: printing of posters, brochures, promotions of destinations, opening of the Belgrade Fair, making of the first tourist film in colour. After World War II, which had a very negative effect on tourism in the whole world, including Yugoslavia, a period of the country’s restoration followed and a golden age of tourism in Yugoslavia started, which by the number of tourists, their overnight stays and tourism revenues have never been exceeded. The appearance of agency activity in Yugoslavia contributed to the creation of a travel culture that has had multiple benefits for both travellers and hosts, but also for the society as a whole.Publishe

Historical development of tourism in Serbia

The analysis of the research papers on the beginnings of tourism development in the world led to the conclusion that our literature lacked detailed studies dealing with the historical development of tourism in Serbia. The aim of this paper is to present the results of the research into the available documentation on the developments related to the first forms and types of tourism, including observations, notes and experiences of the first passengers on the territory of today's Serbia. In order to indicate the directions of the current tourism development, it is necessary to analyse its original forms in the past, and also to compare whether the first tourism forms have reached their peak development until today. The importance of tourism can be seen not only through its economic indicators and impacts, but also through cultural, educational, health and other needs of both tourists and locals. Various forms of tourism in the past can affect not only their future development, but also the tourist consumption of domestic and foreign tourists, as well as the development of the entire tourism industry

Ultrastructure of medullary thymic epithelial cells of autoimmune regulator (Aire)-deficient mice

The significance of the autoimmune regulator (Aire) transcription regulator in establishing central tolerance has recently been elucidated in great detail. Still, the role of Aire in medullary thymic epithelial cell (mTEC) physiology is not fully understood. To shed more light on this issue, we studied the ultrastructure of mTECs in Aire-deficient thymus. We show that all types of mTECs show ultrastructural signs of activation and increased intracellular traffic, which suggests that in the absence of Aire their physiology is impaired. Type 6 ‘large’ mTECs are fully developed in Aire-deficient mice and more frequent than in the normal thymus. The frequency of type 5 ‘undifferentiated’ mTECs is also increased. Collectively, our results suggest that the role of Aire in the physiology of mTECs could be more profound and not restricted only to the presentation of self-tissue-restricted antigens and/or apoptosis of end-stage fully mature cell types.Živana Milićević, Novica M. Milićević, Martti Laan, Pärt Peterson, Kai Kisand, Hamish S. Scott and Jürgen Westerman

Lipopolysaccharide induces tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 independent relocation of lymphocytes from the red pulp of the mouse spleen

It is well known that bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces migration of several cellular populations within the spleen. However, there are no data about the impact of LPS on B and T lymphocytes present in the red pulp. Therefore, we used an experimental model in which we tested the effects of intravenously injected LPS on the molecular, cellular and structural changes of the spleen, with special reference to the red pulp lymphocytes. We discovered that LPS induced a massive relocation of B and T lymphocytes from the splenic red pulp, which was independent of the tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 signaling axis. Early after LPS treatment, quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed the elevated levels of mRNA encoding numerous chemokines and proinflammatory cytokines (XCL1, CXCL9, CXCL10, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL17, CCL20, CCL22, TNFα and LTα) which affect the navigation and activities of B and T lymphocytes in the lymphoid tissues. An extreme increase in mRNA levels for CCL20 was detected in the white pulp of the LPS-treated mice. The CCL20-expressing cells were localized in the PALS. Some smaller CCL20-expressing cells were evenly dispersed in the B cell zone. Thus, our study provides new knowledge of how microbial products could be involved in shaping the structure of lymphatic organs

LTβR dependent growth suppressive activity also affects fully developed splenic tissue.

<p>(A) WT recipients without prior splenectomy were either sham operated or received WT or LTβR^-/- splenic implants. Eight weeks later weight (left side) and cell number (right side) of the endogenous spleen was determined. Only WT splenic regenerates significantly reduced weight and cell number of the endogenous WT spleen. Indicated are means and standard deviation (n = 4–11, * = p < 0.05, ** = p < 0.01). (B) LTβR^-/- recipients without prior splenectomy were either sham operated or received WT or LTβR^-/- splenic implants. Eight weeks later weight (left side) and cell number (right side) of the endogenous spleen was determined. Only WT splenic regenerates significantly reduced weight and cell number of the endogenous LTβR^-/- deficient spleen. Indicated are means and standard deviation (n = 5–8, ** = p < 0.01). These experiments were 2 times independently performed.</p