Spin polarized tunneling spectroscopy of intercalated Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+

Thesis (Master)--Izmir Institute of Technology, Materials Science and Engineering, Izmir, 2006Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 89-91)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and Englishxii, 91 leavesThere has been continuing interest in decades in heterostructure tunnel junctions that combine ferromagnetic material (F), insulator (I) and superconductor (S). This junction has been known to a good probe to analyze the physical properties of ferromagnetic and superconducting materials. In order to understand the influence of the spin injection on the c-axis tunneling characteristics of a Bi-2212 single crystal as a function of temperature and magnetic field, two sets of samples have been prepared; in one set, the surface of HgBr2 intercalated Bi-2212 crystals have been deposited with merely Au while the other set has ferromagnetic multilayer (Au/Co/Au) on top of the crystal. The micron sized mesa arrays have been patterned using photolithography and ion beam etching techniques. The surface topography and height of the mesa were investigated using atomic force microscopy. Tunneling characteristics were examined by means of the novel technique, point contact tunneling (PCT), and experiment were performed wide range of temperatures from 4.2 K to 300 K and that of magnetic field from 0 G to 2600 G. The results of spin polarized tunneling measurements compared with spin degenerate tunneling. Magnetic field dependence hysteretic I-V curves with multiple branches were examined to show the suppression of the superconductivity with spin polarized current. The distinct temperature dependence of depression in tunneling conductance near Fermi level was discussed for spin degenerate and polarized currents above Tc. The zero bias conductance and resistivity versus temperature plots were investigated to show the existence of the pseudogap in tunneling spectroscopy of investigated samples

Avrupa birliği sürecinde kamuda i̇ç denetim: Pamukkale Üniversitesi örneği

Dünyada yaşanan ekonomik krizlerle birlikte, kamu kaynaklarının kötüye kullanılmasına tepkiler gün geçtikçe artmış ve bu bağlamda kamu yöneticilerinin hesap vermeleri günümüzde önem kazanmıştır. Bu amaçla oluşturulan kamu iç denetim sistemleri, kamu idaresinin çalışmalarına değer katmayı, geliştirmeyi, kaynakların ekonomiklik, etkililik ve verimlilik esasına göre yönetilip yönetilmediğini değerlendirmeyi ve rehberlik yapmayı amaçlamaktadır. 5018 sayılı kanunla yeniden şekillendirilen ve büyük oranda Uluslararası ve AB standartlarına uygun hale getirilmiş, kamu iç denetim yapısında; Avrupa Birliği’nin titizlikle üzerinde durduğu en önemli konu olan iç denetim sisteminin bağımsızlığı, ülkemizde tam olarak fonksiyonel hale getirilememiştir. Ayrıca 5018 sayılı kanunun ikincil ve üçüncül mevzuatları halen tam olarak yürürlüğe geçirilememiştir

Inventory and valuation in industrial organizations from the perspective of metrology: its reflection on profit and corporate tax

Bir dönemlik muhasebe sürecinin en önemli aşaması dönem sonu envanterinin yapılarak dönem sonu kayıtlarının tamamlanması ve bulunan sonuç doğrultusunda -buna ticari kâr denilmektedir- vergi ve diğer yasal yükümlülüklerin hesaplanmasına geçilmesidir. Burada envanter işlemi, özellikle mamul üreten bir başka ifade ile üretim yapan veya başka bir açıdan bakıldığında hammaddeye katma değer ekleyerek onu satılabilir bir nihai mamul haline getiren işletmelerde çok önemlidir. Çünkü; bu tür işletmelerde farklı ölçü birimleri ile ifade edilen birçok hammadde ve/veya yardımcı ve işletme malzemesi mevcuttur. Bunların bazıları kilogram, metreküp, metrekare v.b. ölçü değerleri ile ölçülmektedir. Ancak muhasebeleştirilmeleri ve dolayısıyla ticari kâra etkileri ülkenin milli para birimi cinsinden olmaktadır. İşte bu noktada ölçümbilimin önemi ve katkısı kendini göstermektedir. Çünkü envanter kelime anlamı gereği saymak, tartmak ve ölçmek demektir. Vergi Usul Kanunu ise envanteri 186. maddede şöyle tanımlamaktadır; bilanço günündeki mevcutları, …… saymak, ölçmek, tartmak ve değerlemek suretiyle kesin bir şekilde ve müfredatlı olarak tespit etmektir. Şu kadar ki, ticari teamüle göre tartılması, sayılması ve ölçülmesi mutat olmayan malların değerleri tahminen tespit olunur. Mevcutlar, …… işletmeye dahil iktisadi kıymetleri ifade eder. Bu açıdan konu ele alındığında, envanter süreci doğru ölçümü gerektirmektedir. Yukarıda da belirtildiği üzere envanter sonuçları da işletmenin ticari kârını belirlemektedir. O halde dolaylı olarak “doğru ölçümleme işletmenin ticari kârını etkilemektedir” şeklinde bir çıkarımda bulunmak yanlış olmayacaktır. Bu çalışmada amaç, kısaca envanter hakkında bilgi vermek ardından ticari kâr-mali kâr ilişkisini gösterdikten sonra hesaplanan kurumlar vergisi ve diğer yükümlüklerin üzerinde ölçüm farklılıklarının nasıl sonuçlar doğuracağını gösteren bir örnek uygulama ile konuyu topluca ele alarak, elde edilecek sonuçları genelleyerek ülkemiz açısından çıkarımlarda bulunmaktır

Molecular Characterization of Native Entomopathogenic Fungi from Ambrosia Beetles in Hazelnut Orchards of Turkey and Evaluation of Their In Vitro Efficacy

Ambrosia beetles, Anisandrus dispar Fabricius, Xylosandrus germanus Blandford, and Xyleborinus saxesenii Ratzeburg (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) are among the most significant hazelnut pests in Turkey. The control of these pests is difficult and expensive due to their biology. The present study aimed to isolate entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) from A. dispar, X. germanus, and X. saxesenii individuals that were obtained from the main hazelnut production areas of Turkey, characterize the EPF isolates using internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-DNA sequencing and iPBS profiling, and determine the efficacy of the isolates against A. dispar, X. germanus, and X. saxesenii under laboratory conditions. Phylogenetic analyses based on ITS revealed that the 47 native isolates were Beauveria bassiana (11), B. pseudobassiana (8), Cordyceps fumosorosea (6), Cordyceps farinosa (1), Akanthomyces lecanii (13), Purpureocillium lilacinum (3), Clonostachys rosea (2) and Metarhizium anisopliae (3). For the first time, the primer binding site (PBS) marker system, based on retrotransposons, was used to discriminate successfully among the EPF species. Some isolates of B. bassiana, B. pseudobassiana, C. fumosorosea, A. lecanii, and M. anisopliae caused 100% mortality of the beetle species within 7 to 9 days. The findings of this study indicated that some isolated entomopathogenic fungi provide an essential basis for the development of bioproducts, as well as a promising alternative method for controlling these ambrosia beetles

Molecular Characterization of Native Entomopathogenic Fungi from Ambrosia Beetles in Hazelnut Orchards of Turkey and Evaluation of Their In Vitro Efficacy

Ambrosia beetles, Anisandrus dispar Fabricius, Xylosandrus germanus Blandford, and Xyleborinus saxesenii Ratzeburg (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) are among the most significant hazelnut pests in Turkey. The control of these pests is difficult and expensive due to their biology. The present study aimed to isolate entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) from A. dispar, X. germanus, and X. saxesenii individuals that were obtained from the main hazelnut production areas of Turkey, characterize the EPF isolates using internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-DNA sequencing and iPBS profiling, and determine the efficacy of the isolates against A. dispar, X. germanus, and X. saxesenii under laboratory conditions. Phylogenetic analyses based on ITS revealed that the 47 native isolates were Beauveria bassiana (11), B. pseudobassiana (8), Cordyceps fumosorosea (6), Cordyceps farinosa (1), Akanthomyces lecanii (13), Purpureocillium lilacinum (3), Clonostachys rosea (2) and Metarhizium anisopliae (3). For the first time, the primer binding site (PBS) marker system, based on retrotransposons, was used to discriminate successfully among the EPF species. Some isolates of B. bassiana, B. pseudobassiana, C. fumosorosea, A. lecanii, and M. anisopliae caused 100% mortality of the beetle species within 7 to 9 days. The findings of this study indicated that some isolated entomopathogenic fungi provide an essential basis for the development of bioproducts, as well as a promising alternative method for controlling these ambrosia beetles

Hypogammaglobulinemia Prevelance in Children with Atopic Dermatitis and the Relationship Between Immunoglobulin Levels and Eczema Severity

Aim:Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic skin disease of childhood. Although eczema may be a prominent finding in some primary immune deficiencies, there are very few studies conducted on the frequency of hypogammaglobulinemia in patients with eczema. In our study, we aimed to determine the frequency of hypogammaglobulinemia in patients with AD and the relationship between immunoglobulin levels and eczema severity.Materials and Methods:Patients between the ages of 0-18 years, who were diagnosed with AD between January 2015 and August 2018 in the Department Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, were included in the study. Hypogammaglobulinemia was defined as being less than -2 standard deviation of immunoglobulin A, M and G from normal values for age.Results:The median age of 117 patients included in the study was 11 months [interquartile range (IQR): 6.7-33 months], the median age of eczema onset was 3.5 months (IQR: 2-6 months), the median SCORingAtopicDermatitis at presentation was 13.8 (IQR): 5-32]. Thirty-six (30.8%) patients had low levels in one of the immunoglobulin isotypes and decreased levels of immunoglobulin A (IgA), M and G were found in 21 (17.9%), 18 (15.5%) and 23 (19.7%) patients, respectively. While there was no difference between mild and moderate-severe eczema groups in terms of age at presentation, age of onset of eczema, family history of allergic diseases, smoking exposure, aeroallergen sensitivity, food allergy, the number of patients having hypogammaglobulinemia, and the levels of IgA, M and G, a male predominance and higher number of eosinophils were observed in the moderate-severe eczema group.Conclusion:It is concluded that the evaluation of immunoglobulin levels independent of the severity of eczema is important for the distinction of primary immunodeficiency and the follow-up of patients in terms of transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy in patients with AD

Characteristics of food allergy in children: National multicenter study

Conference: Congress of the European-Academy-of-Allergy-and-Clinical-Immunology (EAACI) Location: Lisbon, PORTUGAL Date: JUN 01-05, 2019Background : Food allergies impose a significant burden on the life of the child and the family. In this study, to determine the demographic characteristics of food allergies, we investigated the characteristics of patients with food allergies in different regions of Pediatric Allergy- Immunology departments in Turkey. Method : Turkey ' s National Study of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Society has conducted a Study Group on Food Allergies. 25 centers participated in this multicenter, cross- sectional and descriptive study.European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunolog

COVID-19 in pediatric nephrology centers in Turkey

Background/aim: There is limited data on COVID-19 disease in children with kidney disease. We aimed to investigate the characteristics and prognosis of COVID-19 in pediatric nephrology patients in Turkey. Materials and methods: This was a national, multicenter, retrospective cohort study based on an online survey evaluating the data between 11th March 2020 and 11th March 2021 as an initial step of a detailed pediatric nephrology COVID-19 registry. Results: Two hundred and three patients (89 girls and 114 boys) were diagnosed with COVID-19. One-third of these patients (36.9%) were between 10–15 years old. Half of the patients were on kidney replacement therapy: kidney transplant (KTx) recipients (n = 56, 27.5%), patients receiving chronic hemodialysis (n = 33, 16.3%) and those on peritoneal dialysis (PD) (n = 18, 8.9%). Fifty-four (26.6%) children were asymptomatic. Eighty-two (40.3%) patients were hospitalized and 23 (28%) needed intensive care unit admission. Fifty-five percent of the patients were not treated, while the remaining was given favipiravir (20.7%), steroid (16.3%), and hydroxychloroquine (11.3%). Acute kidney injury developed in 19.5% of hospitalized patients. Five (2.4%) had MIS-C. Eighty-three percent of the patients were discharged without any apparent sequelae, while 7 (3.4%) died. One hundred and eight health care staff were infected during the study period. Conclusion: COVID-19 was most commonly seen in patients who underwent KTx and received HD. The combined immunosuppressive therapy and frequent exposure to the hospital setting may increase these patients’ susceptibility. Staff infections before vaccination era were alarming, various precautions should be taken for infection control, particularly optimal vaccination coverage