Transfinite tree quivers and their representations

The idea of "vertex at the infinity" naturally appears when studying indecomposable injective representations of tree quivers. In this paper we formalize this behavior and find the structure of all the indecomposable injective representations of a tree quiver of size an arbitrary cardinal $\kappa$. As a consequence the structure of injective representations of noetherian $\kappa$-trees is completely determined. In the second part we will consider the problem whether arbitrary trees are source injective representation quivers or not.Comment: to appear in Mathematica Scandinavic

Investigation of the ecotoxicologic effect of pesticide industry wastewater on the pancreas and liver of rats

In this study, when the raw wastewater, which resulted from the manufacturing of 2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) dimethylamine salt and 2,4-D acid isooctylester herbicides in the factory, was discharged to the ecosystem without treatment, its ecotoxic effect on the pancreas and liver of rats was investigated. In this research, 16 Wistar Albino race male rats were grouped into two (Group 1- control, n = 8; Group 2- wastewater, n = 8) and were then used. The rats in Group 1 were fed by standard feed, while rats in Group 2 were fed by a diet including 200 mg/kg/day factory composite raw wastewater for 16 weeks, and dissection was carried out for all of them. In the research, it was determined that the body, liver and pancreas weights of rats were decreased when compared to the control group; however, there was no significant statistical difference (P > 0.05) between the twogroups. In the histopathological investigation, on the other hand, it was determined that atypical cell focuses (ACF) (neoplastic variations) were observed in the liver and pancreas of rats in Group 2 and the quantitative analysis of the ACF was performed. In the livers of rats in Group 2, dilation in sinusoids close to the vein centralis and hydropic degeneration in parenchyma were observed when compared to the control group. Since there is a possibility that the neoplastic variations caused by this wastewater could be transformed into adenoma or carcinoma during long-term treatment, it also seems possible that it could be carcinogenic.Key words: 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), herbicide, wastewater, atypical cell focuses, pancreas and liver, ecotoxic effect

The effects of hot water dip treatments on the cold storage of Big Top nectarines

Big Top nectarine fruits were subjected to hot water dip treatments at 45ºC, 50ºC or 55ºC for 2 or 3 min after harvest and kept at 0°C for 45 days and additional 4 days at 20°C to determine the effects of hot water dip treatments on storage and shelf life of Big Top nectarine fruits. The effects of hot water dip treatments on quality parameters (weight loss, skin color, flesh firmness, total soluble solids and titratable acidity) and incidence of chilling injury (CI) and fungal decay were assessed after 45 days of storage at 0°C and subsequent 2 days and 4 days at 20°C following cold storage. Hot water dip treatment at 45°C for 2 min reduced weight loss and CI, delayed color development and maintained fruit lightness, but insufficient to delay fruit softening. Incidence of fungal decay was low during storage and shelf life period. Our results indicated that hot water dip treatments had potential to maintain postharvest quality for Big Top nectarines

On Some Hadamard-Type Inequalıtıes for (r,m) -Convex Functıons

In this paper, we define a new class of convex functions which is called (r,m) - convex functions. We also prove some Hadamard\u27s type inequalities based on this new definition

Spinning cosmic strings: a general class of solutions

In this work, we give a general class of solutions of the spinning cosmic string in Einstein's theory of gravity. After treating same problem in Einstein Cartan (EC) theory of gravity, the exact solution satisfying both exterior and interior space-times representing a spin fluid moving along the symmetry axis is presented in the EC theory. The existence of closed timelike curves in this spacetime are also examined