Assessment of imidacloprid toxicity on reproductive organ system of adult male rats

In the current study it was aimed to investigate the toxicity of low doses of imidacloprid (IMI) on the reproductive organ systems of adult male rats. The treatment groups received 0.5 (IMI-0.5), 2 (IMI-2) or 8 mg IMI/kg body weight by oral gavage (IMI-8) for three months. The deterioration in sperm motility in IMI-8 group and epidydimal sperm concentration in IMI-2 and IMI-8 groups and abnormality in sperm morphology in IMI-8 were significant. The levels of testosterone (T) and GSH decreased significantly in group IMI-8 compared to the control group. Upon treatment with IMI, apoptotic index increased significantly only in germ cells of the seminiferous tubules of IMI-8 group when compared to control. Fragmentation was striking in the seminal DNA from the IMI-8 group, but it was much less obvious in the IMI-2 one. IMI exposure resulted in elevation of all fatty acids analyzed, but the increases were significant only in stearic, oleic, linoleic and arachidonic acids. The ratios of 20:4/20:3 and 20:4/18:2 were decreased and 16:1n-9/16:0 ratio was increased. In conclusion, the present animal experiments revealed that the treatment with IMI at NOAEL dose-levels caused deterioration in sperm parameters, decreased T level, increased apoptosis of germ cells, seminal DNA fragmentation, the depletion of antioxidants and change in disturbance of fatty acid composition. All these changes indicate the suppression of testicular function

Anthropometric measurement of the hand

This study aims to get various anthropometric measurements of dominant hands of students from vocational high school of health and classifies them according to Krogman Hand Index to form a database 141 students (49 male, 92 female) who were healthy anatomically and had no other known disease attending to vocational high school of health of Baskent University were recruited. Right hand was dominant for all of the students. The length and width of the right hand of the students were taken after their height and weight were measured. The results were recorded as mm. The findings were classified according to Krogman index with the formula hand width / hand lengt X 100. For males right hand length and width was 183.9±0.88mm; and 87.54±0.70mm; respectively, with hand index being 47.58 and classified as brachyeri according to Krogman hand index. For females, right hand length and width was 169.75±2.01 and 77.63±1.21mm respectively with hand index being 45.72 and classified as mesocheri according to Krogman hand index. Measurements of body and body parts display variability due to age, gender, genetic and environmental factors across populations. Therefore; such data used in gender discrimination, identification and special ergonomic structures need to be population spesific. © 2018, Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All rights reserved

The use of noise measurements in machining stability analysis

Self-excited vibrations, namely chatter, is one of the most important problems in machining operations. Under certain conditions, the cutting system becomes unstable as a result of the dynamic interaction between the process and the structures. As a result of this dynamic interaction between the cutting tool and the work material, a high level noise is generated in addition to the very poor machined part surface quality. Chatter models used for the generation of the stability diagrams need the frequency response function (FRF) at the tool work interface point in addition to the material constants. Although high level noise generated in chatter is undesirable in a production facility, it creates a unique opportunity for the chatter tests. The frequency spectrum can be used to identify the chatter and the source when combined with the modal data. Considering the practical difficulties of placing a sensor in the cutting zone, the importance of this very inexpensive and reliable way of chatter identification and measurement can be understood much better. In this paper, the experimental verification, by using noise measurements, of the stability diagrams obtained from recently developed chatter and structural dynamics models for milling will be demonstrated with example applications. The comparison between the modeled and measured FRFs, the correlation of the modal frequencies with the predicted and the measured chatter frequencies by using the noise measurements will also be presented

Analytical modeling of asymmetric multi-segment rotor - bearing systems with Timoshenko beam model including gyroscopic moments

In this study, analytical modeling and an analysis approach for asymmetric multi-segment rotor bearing systems are presented. Timoshenko beam model which includes the effect of gyroscopic moments is employed for modeling rotor segments. Instead of applying FEM, sub-segment Frequency Response Functions (FRFs) are obtained analytically, and sub-segment FRFs obtained are coupled by using receptance coupling method. Bearing properties are included into system dynamics by employing structural modification techniques. The proposed analytical model is verified by using FEM approach. It is shown that using analytical model and receptance coupling, compared with FEM, reduces computational time drastically without losing accuracy

Analytical modeling of the machine tool spindle dynamics under operational conditions

Chatter is an important problem in machining operations, and can be avoided by utilizing stability diagrams which are generated using frequency response functions (FRF) at the tool tip. In general, tool point FRF is obtained experimentally or analytically for the idle state of the machine. However, during high speed cutting operations, gyroscopic effects and changes of contact stiffness and damping at the interfaces as well as the changes in the bearing properties may lead to variations in the tool point FRF. Thus, stability diagrams obtained using the idle state FRFs may not provide accurate predictions in such cases. Spindle, holder and tool can be modeled analytically; however variations under operational conditions must be included in order to have accurate predictions. In authors previous works Timoshenko beam model was employed and subassembly FRFs were coupled by using receptance coupling method. In this paper, extension of the model to the prediction of operational FRFs is presented. In order to include the rotational effects on the system dynamics, gyroscopic terms are added to the Timoshenko beam model. Variations of the bearing parameters are included by structural modification techniques. Thus, for various spindle speeds, and holder and tool combinations, the tool point FRFs can be predicted and used in stability diagrams

A closed-form approach for identification of dynamical contact parameters in spindle-holder-tool assemblies

Accurate identification of contact dynamics is very crucial in predicting the dynamic behavior and chatter stability of spindle-tool assemblies in machining centers. it is well known that the stability lobe diagrams used for predicting regenerative chatter vibrations can be obtained from the tool point frequency response function (FRF) of the system. As previously shown by the authors, contact dynamics at the spindle-holder and holder-tool interfaces as well as the dynamics of bearings affect the tool point FRF considerably. Contact stiffness and damping values alter the frequencies and peak values of dominant vibration modes, respectively. Fast and accurate identification of contact dynamics in spindle-tool assemblies has become an important issue in the recent years. In this paper, a new method for identifying contact dynamics in spindle-holder-tool assemblies from experimental measurements is presented. The elastic receptance coupling equations are employed in a simple manner and closed-form expressions are obtained for the stiffness and damping parameters of the joint of interest. Although this study focuses on the contact dynamics at the spindle-holder and holder-tool interfaces of the assembly, the identification approach proposed in this paper might as well be used for identifying the dynamical parameters of bearings, spindle-holder interface and as well as other critical joints. After presenting the mathematical theory, an analytical case study is given for demonstration of the identification approach. Experimental verification is provided for identification of the dynamical contact parameters at the holder-tool interface of a spindle-holder-tool assembly

Paınless legs and movıng toes: Idıopathıc or not?

Painless legs and moving toes (PoLMT) is a rare variant of painful legs and moving toes (PLMT). The difference is the absence of pain, which is usually hard to manage in PLMT. An involuntary movement in the toes is a compound of both. Although there are many medication options for this disease, most fail to treat it successfully. Here, we report on a 62-year-old female with involuntary movements in her toes for five years. The rarity and unclear etiology of the disease are the reasons we wanted to present it

Resistin induces a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-4 gene expression in human chondrosarcoma cell line

Yaykasli, Emine/0000-0001-6471-0106; Yaykasli, Kursat/0000-0001-7550-6370WOS: 000351589700296

Expression and production of recombinant proteins from immunodominant E gene regions of bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1 (BVDV-1) Turkish field strains for prophylactic purpose

Since the first description of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (BVDV) infection, many studies have been performed, and control and eradication programs were developed worldwide. Several studies have been conducted on the presence/prevalence and molecular characterization of BVD viruses in Turkey. However, there is no effective struggle programs for BVDV infection up to now in Turkey. Current study has been conducted for the identification of the E gene region which encodes several immunogenic proteins of BVDV, tested the immunogenicity of the recombinant proteins for possible vaccine production. We focused on the molecular characterization of the E gene region of field pestivirus isolates (n=40) which were obtained in Turkey between 1997 and 2007. Two recombinant proteins, E-ms and E2, were chosen from the E region and expressed in baculovirus vector system. The acquired proteins (approximately 34 kDa for E-ms belonging to BVDV 1-a and 44 kDa for E2 belonging to BVDV 1-l) triggered a humoral immune response in mice. These proteins could represent a good starting material in preparation of vaccines which are indispensable for control and eradication programs of pestivirus infections in Turkey.TUBITAK TOVAG,TurkeyTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [110O915]Animal experiments were conducted follow in the approval of Ankara University Animal Experiments Local Ethical Commitee (Number: 2010-96, 2010-292, 201096-335). This study was supported by TUBITAK TOVAG 110O915, Turkey. The authors thank Alexander Postel for the critisims of designing of primers in this study