ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MANDIBULAR CANAL COURSE AND INTERFORAMINAL AREA IN PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPHS FOR IMPLANT PLACEMENT

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of mandibular canal course with mental foramen localization on edentulous patients’ for implant placement. Material and Methods: This retrospective study was carried out on the panoramic radiographs of 788 edentulous patients. Horizontal measurements L (left mental foramen to the left mandibular ramus), R (right mental foramens to the right mandibular ramus), M (between the mental foramens) and vertical measurements D1 (mental foramen’s inferior border to the mandibular basis), D2 (mental foramen’s superior border to the alveolar crest) were digitally evaluated. Mandibular canals were classified into two types as linear and elliptic. Analysis of demographic data and correlations between canal course and linear measurements were carried out. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro Wilks tests, Kruskal Wallis test, and Chi-squared test was used to compare the qualitative data (p <0.05). Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the D1/D2 mean values and the canal course according to the age groups. The rate of the elliptic canal course in the men (41.6%) was significantly higher than that in the women (26.6%). There was no statistically significant difference between the mean D1/D2, (R + L)/M and L/M values according to the canal course. Conclusions: Both elliptical and linear canal courses do not affect the interforaminal distances, resulting ineffective in the anteroposterior spread of implants in cases of interforaminal implant placement. Key Words: Mandibular canal, canal course, interforaminal area, canal anatomy, implant. ÖZET Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı dişsiz hastalarda implant uygulaması için mandibular kanal seyri ve mental foramen konumunun ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif çalışma 788 dişsiz hastanın panoramik radyografileri ile yürütülmüştür. Ölçümler horizontal ve vertikal şeklinde dijital olarak yapılmıştır. L (sol mental foramen ile sol ramus arası mesafe), R (sağ mental foramen ile sağ ramus arası mesafe), M (mental foramenler arası mesafe) horizontal ölçümler; D1 (mental foramenin alt sınırı ile basis mandibular arası mesafe) ve D2 (mental foramenin üst sınırı ile alveol kret tepesi arası mesafe) ise vertikal ölçümlerdir. Mandibular kanal seyri doğrusal ve eliptik olarak iki sınıfta incelenmiştir. Demografik veriler, kanal seyri ve dijital ölçümler arası ilişki değerlendirilmiştir. Kolmogorov-Smirnov ve Shapiro Wilks testleri, Kruskal Wallis testi, ve Ki-Kare testi niteliksel verilerin karşılaştırılmasında kullanılmıştır (p <0,05). Bulgular: Yaş grupları arasında D1/D2 oranları ve kanal seyri açısından istatsitiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmiştir. Kanal seyrinin eliptik görülme oranı erkeklerde (%41,6) kadınlardan (%26,6) anlamlı derecede yüksek bulunmuştur. Kanal seyrine gore D1/D2, (R+L)/M ve L/M ortalamaları açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık yoktur. Sonuç: Eliptik ve doğrusal kanal seyrinin interforaminal mesafeye herhangi bir etkisi yoktur, bu durum antero-posterior yönde interforaminal aralığa implant yerleştirilmesini etkilememktedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Mandibular kanal, kanal seyri, interforaminal bölge, kanal anatomisi, implant

A city-wide survey of dental students' opinions on undergraduate oral surgery teaching

Purpose This study aimed to carry out a city-wide survey to evaluate undergraduate students' opinions on their oral surgery training by measuring their self-confidence.Materials and Methods A cross-sectional survey of 383 3rd year, 412 4th year and 363 5th year undergraduate dental students from six dental schools in Istanbul with a mean age of 22.73 +/- 1.55 was conducted towards the end of the academic year. A web link to the questionnaire was sent to the contact person at the participating dental schools. The questionnaires were anonymously evaluated. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and Chi-square tests were performed to examine the data. A P-value of In total, 1158 responses were returned, representing 67% of the overall students in the 2018-2019 academic year. The male respondents were significantly more self-confident than females in the general aspects of surgical skills. More than half of the respondents (53%) felt confident in oral surgery knowledge to undertake independent practice. Although 5th year respondents felt more confident in the general aspect of the questionnaire, their ability of differentiation of odontogenic and non-odontogenic pain was lower than their counterparts. The majority (86%) of the participants disagreed that the only knowledge required for oral surgery was that of tooth and jaw anatomy.Conclusion This survey revealed perceived confidence in tooth and retained root extraction. The male respondents were found to be more self-confident. There is a need for improvement in surgical skills, recognition of malignancies and differentiation of the origin of the pain