Malatya Yöresinde Organik Kayısı Yetiştiriciliği

Bu çalışma, Malatya yöresinde organik tarım tekniğinde yer alan bitki besleme uygulamalarını konvansiyonel uygulamasıyla karşılaştırarak, kayısı yetiştiriciliği için en uygun organik tarım programını oluşturmak amacıyla planlanmıştır. Çalışma 2002-2006 yıllarında Malatya ili Akçadağ ilçesi Karapınar Köyü’nde, 5 yıldır sertifikalı olarak organik tarım yetiştiriciliği yapılan, 15 yaşında, 10x10 m aralık ve mesafede dikilmiş Hacıhaliloğlu kayısı çeşidinden kurulu kayısı bahçesinde yürütülmüştür. Bu bahçenin yakınında, konvansiyonel tarım sisteminin uygulandığı, 15 yaşında ve 10x10 m aralık ve mesafe ile dikilmiş Hacıhaliloğlu kayısı çeşidinden kurulmuş bir üretici bahçesi de kontrol bahçesi olarak kullanılmıştır. Deneme tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü ve her tekerrürde 3 ağaç olacak şekilde kurulmuştur. Çalışmada, organik tarım sistemine uygun 5 farklı bitki besleme uygulaması A (Toprağa Ticari Organik Gübre + Toprağa Çiftlik Gübresi + Yeşil Gübre Uygulaması), B (Toprağa Ticari Organik Gübre + Toprağa Humik Asit Uygulaması), C (Toprağa Ticari Organik Gübre + Toprağa Çiftlik Gübresi Uygulaması), D (Toprağa Organik Gübre + Yeşil Gübre Uygulaması) ve E (Toprağa Ticari Organik Gübre + Yaprağa Ticari Organik Gübre Uygulaması) yapılmıştır. Uygulamaların meyve verim ve kalitesi üzerine etkileri ile ekonomik analizleri yapılmıştır. Uygulamaların ortalama ağaç başına ve gövde kesit alanına verim değerleri üzerine etkisi %1 düzeyinde önemli bulunmuştur. En yüksek ağaç başına ve gövde kesit alanına verim değerleri sırası ile 111.30 kg/ağaç ve 0.18 kg/cm2 ile kontrol uygulamasından, organik uygulamalardan ise en yüksek verim 83.09 kg/ağaç ve 0.16 kg/cm2 ile A uygulamasından elde edilmiştir. En düşük verim ise 55.25 kg/ağaç ve 0.10 kg/cm2 ile D uygulamasından elde edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, Malatya koşullarında verim, kalite ve net karlılık kriterleri göz önüne alınarak, organik kayısı yetiştiriciliği için A kombinasyonunun (Toprağa Ticari Organik Gübre Uygulaması + Toprağa Çiftlik Gübresi Uygulama + Yeşil Gübre Uygulaması), tavsiye edilebilir ve uygulanabilir en uygun organik kombinasyon olduğu saptanmıştır

A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased negative emotions and decreased positive emotions globally. Left unchecked, these emotional changes might have a wide array of adverse impacts. To reduce negative emotions and increase positive emotions, we tested the effectiveness of reappraisal, an emotion-regulation strategy that modifies how one thinks about a situation. Participants from 87 countries and regions (n = 21,644) were randomly assigned to one of two brief reappraisal interventions (reconstrual or repurposing) or one of two control conditions (active or passive). Results revealed that both reappraisal interventions (vesus both control conditions) consistently reduced negative emotions and increased positive emotions across different measures. Reconstrual and repurposing interventions had similar effects. Importantly, planned exploratory analyses indicated that reappraisal interventions did not reduce intentions to practice preventive health behaviours. The findings demonstrate the viability of creating scalable, low-cost interventions for use around the world

Clinical and radiological findings, SEM analysis and evaluation of caries risk in ectodermal dysplasia cases

AbstractEctodermal dysplasia (ED) consists of many different combinations of irregularities that include developmental defects that occur in two or more of the following tissues: teeth, nails, skin, hair and sweat glands. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible carries risk, perform scanning electron microscopy (SEM) mineral analysis in ectodermal dysplasia cases and describe the oral aspects. Ectodermal dysplasia cases, 41 patients (22 males and 19 females, aged 1.5 to 45 years), had a clinical examination. SEM analyses were performed from teeth that had to be extracted from ED cases for various reasons. Forty-one patients had tooth agenesis (from hypodontia to anodontia), multiple caries, hair and nail dystrophy. Also, extra orally they had sparse or absent hair, a short face, an unusual facial concavity, maxillary retrusion and relative mandibular protrusion. Differences between tooth samples were determined by SEM analyses. SEM analyses showed that the mineral content of ED teeth was lower than that of normal teeth and the surface properties of dentin and enamel were different. It is necessarily to support this observation with more comprehensive research. When dentists examine ED patients, they should consider the oral mucosa for excessive dryness and increased dental caries and should conduct a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to these patients in order to improve their dental, masticatory and caries conditions

Changes in Liver Tissue Trace Element Concentrations During Hepatitis B Viral Infection Treatment

Approximately 350-400 million people in the world have Hbs Ag (hepatitis B virus surface antigen) positivity. In the international guidelines, the permanent suppression of replication in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection therapy is reported as the primary therapeutic goal. Trace elements play a key role in liver diseases. The aim of our study is to determine some trace element concentrations in the liver during HBV treatment periods. The measurement of 11 trace elements (manganese, lead, nickel, chromium, cadmium, iron, copper, zinc, silver, cobalt, and aluminum) was carried out by the method of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in liver biopsy materials (before starting treatment and at the sixth month of the treatment period). There was an increase in zinc and copper concentrations in liver materials at the sixth month of treatment compared to the pre-treatment values (the median zinc value was 48.05g/g before treatment and 74.9g/g at 6months after initial treatment, p=0.035; median copper was 2.82g/g before treatment and 5.31g/g after 6months, p=0.002). General estimations indicated that zinc (p=0.002), iron (p=0.0244), copper (p=0.0003), and aluminum (p=0.0239) values may be effective in HAI (histological activity index) changes. Only iron levels could be at a very low level effective on the changes caused by fibrosis (p=0.0002). Liver tissue zinc and copper levels increased in parallel with the improvement of inflammation in antiviral-treated HBV patients. In addition, the levels of zinc and copper in the liver tissue can be useful markers for liver tissue damage detection

Suboptimal use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants: Results from the RAMSES study

WOS: 000384041400052PubMed ID: 27583892This study aimed to investigate the potential misuse of novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) and the physicians' adherence to current European guideline recommendations in real-world using a large dataset from Real-life Multicenter Survey Evaluating Stroke Prevention Strategies in Turkey (RAMSES Study).RAMSES study is a prospective, multicenter, nationwide registry (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02344901). In this subgroup analysis of RAMSES study, patients who were on NOACs were classified as appropriately treated (AT), undertreated (UT), and overtreated (OT) according to the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines. The independent predictors of UT and OT were determined by multivariate logistic regression.Of the 2086 eligible patients, 1247 (59.8%) received adequate treatment. However, off-label use was detected in 839 (40.2%) patients; 634 (30.4%) patients received UT and 205 (9.8%) received OT. Independent predictors of UT included >65 years of age, creatinine clearance 50mL/min, urban living, existing dabigatran treatment, and HAS-BLED score of <3, whereas that of OT were creatinine clearance <50mL/min, ongoing rivaroxaban treatment, and HAS-BLED score of 3.The suboptimal use of NOACs is common because of physicians' poor compliance to the guideline recommendations in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Older patients who were on dabigatran treatment with good renal functions and low risk of bleeding were at risk of UT, whereas patients who were on rivaroxaban treatment with renal impairment and high risk of bleeding were at risk of OT. Therefore, a greater emphasis should be given to prescribe the recommended dose for the specified patients