Efecto de la calabaza fermentada (Cucúrbita pepo) en los parámetros productivos y de salud en cerdos en preceba

There were used 30 pre-fattening pigs of Yorkshire x Landrace hybrid, 7 kg average weight, during 42 days, coinciding between 33 to 76 days of the pigs´ age, with the objective of replacing the 0 (control); 15 and 30% of the conventional feed for the fermented pumpkin, according to completely randomized design with three treatments and ten repetitions, each baby was considered as a repetition. The concentration of yeasts in the pumpkin fermentation was determined, where an apparent stability in the concentration of these microorganisms was observed 21 days after the fermented was elaborated, while in the pigs the final live weight (27.30, 28.00 and 27.50 kg), the average daily gain (483, 502 and 488 g / day), the consumption of dry matter (30.37, 30.38 and 30.33 kg) and the conversion of dry matter (1.50, 1.44 and 1.48 kg DM / kg PV respectively) did not present a significant difference between the treatments evaluated; however, in the control treatment, there were more animals with diarrhea and mortality reached 10%; while in treatments that included fermented pumpkin, the rate of diarrhea was minimal and deaths were nil. It is concluded that pumpkin fermentation did not affect the productive indicators of pre-fattening pigs, while reducing the occurrence of diarrhea and avoiding deaths in this technological category.Se utilizaron 30 cerdos en preceba del hibrido Yorkshire x Landrace, de peso promedio 7 kg, durante 42 días, coincidiendo entre los 33 a los 76 días de edad de los cerdos, con el objetivo de sustituir el 0 (control); 15 y 30 % del pienso convencional por el fermentado de calabaza, según diseño completamente aleatorizado con tres tratamientos y diez repeticiones, cada cría se consideró como una repetición. Se determinó la concentración de levaduras en el fermentado de calabaza donde se observó una estabilidad aparente en la concentración de estos microorganismos a los 21 días de elaborado el fermentado, mientras que en los cerdos el peso vivo final (27.30; 28.00 y 27.50 kg), la ganancia media diaria (483; 502 y 488 g/día), el consumo de materia seca (30.37; 30.38 y 30.33 kg) y la conversión de la materia seca (1.50; 1.44 y 1.48 kg MS/kg PV respectivamente); no presentaron diferencia significativa entre los tratamientos evaluados, sin embargo en el tratamiento control hubo mayor cantidad de animales con diarreas y la mortalidad alcanzó el 10 %; mientras que en los tratamientos que incluyeron fermentado de calabaza el índice de diarrea fue mínimo y las muertes nula. Se concluyó que el fermentado de calabaza no afectó los indicadores productivos de los cerdos en preceba, al tiempo que reduce las ocurrencias de diarreas y evita las muertes en esta categoría tecnológica

Efecto de la calabaza fermentada (Cucúrbita pepo) en los parámetros productivos y de salud en cerdos en preceba

Se utilizaron 30 cerdos en preceba del hibrido Yorkshire x Landrace, de peso promedio 7 kg, durante 42 días, coincidiendo entre los 33 a los 76 días de edad de los cerdos, con el objetivo de sustituir el 0 (control); 15 y 30 % del pienso convencional por el fermentado de calabaza, según diseño completamente aleatorizado con tres tratamientos y diez repeticiones, cada cría se consideró como una repetición. Se determinó la concentración de levaduras en el fermentado de calabaza donde se observó una estabilidad aparente en la concentración de estos microorganismos a los 21 días de elaborado el fermentado, mientras que en los cerdos el peso vivo final (27.30; 28.00 y 27.50 kg), la ganancia media diaria (483; 502 y 488 g/día), el consumo de materia seca (30.37; 30.38 y 30.33 kg) y la conversión de la materia seca (1.50; 1.44 y 1.48 kg MS/kg PV respectivamente); no presentaron diferencia significativa entre los tratamientos evaluados, sin embargo en el tratamiento control hubo mayor cantidad de animales con diarreas y la mortalidad alcanzó el 10 %; mientras que en los tratamientos que incluyeron fermentado de calabaza el índice de diarrea fue mínimo y las muertes nula. Se concluyó que el fermentado de calabaza no afectó los indicadores productivos de los cerdos en preceba, al tiempo que reduce las ocurrencias de diarreas y evita las muertes en esta categoría tecnológica

Study protocol for the multicentre cohorts of Zika virus infection in pregnant women, infants, and acute clinical cases in Latin America and the Caribbean: The ZIKAlliance consortium

Background: The European Commission (EC) Horizon 2020 (H2020)-funded ZIKAlliance Consortium designed a multicentre study including pregnant women (PW), children (CH) and natural history (NH) cohorts. Clinical sites were selected over a wide geographic range within Latin America and the Caribbean, taking into account the dynamic course of the ZIKV epidemic. Methods: Recruitment to the PW cohort will take place in antenatal care clinics. PW will be enrolled regardless of symptoms and followed over the course of pregnancy, approximately every 4 weeks. PW will be revisited at delivery (or after miscarriage/abortion) to assess birth outcomes, including microcephaly and other congenital abnormalities according to the evolving definition of congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). After birth, children will be followed for 2 years in the CH cohort. Follow-up visits are scheduled at ages 1-3, 4-6, 12, and 24 months to assess neurocognitive and developmental milestones. In addition, a NH cohort for the characterization of symptomatic rash/fever illness was designed, including follow-up to capture persisting health problems. Blood, urine, and other biological materials will be collected, and tested for ZIKV and other relevant arboviral diseases (dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever) using RT-PCR or serological methods. A virtual, decentralized biobank will be created. Reciprocal clinical monitoring has been established between partner sites. Substudies of ZIKV seroprevalence, transmissio

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Effect of remote ischaemic conditioning on clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (CONDI-2/ERIC-PPCI): a single-blind randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Remote ischaemic conditioning with transient ischaemia and reperfusion applied to the arm has been shown to reduce myocardial infarct size in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). We investigated whether remote ischaemic conditioning could reduce the incidence of cardiac death and hospitalisation for heart failure at 12 months. METHODS: We did an international investigator-initiated, prospective, single-blind, randomised controlled trial (CONDI-2/ERIC-PPCI) at 33 centres across the UK, Denmark, Spain, and Serbia. Patients (age >18 years) with suspected STEMI and who were eligible for PPCI were randomly allocated (1:1, stratified by centre with a permuted block method) to receive standard treatment (including a sham simulated remote ischaemic conditioning intervention at UK sites only) or remote ischaemic conditioning treatment (intermittent ischaemia and reperfusion applied to the arm through four cycles of 5-min inflation and 5-min deflation of an automated cuff device) before PPCI. Investigators responsible for data collection and outcome assessment were masked to treatment allocation. The primary combined endpoint was cardiac death or hospitalisation for heart failure at 12 months in the intention-to-treat population. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02342522) and is completed. FINDINGS: Between Nov 6, 2013, and March 31, 2018, 5401 patients were randomly allocated to either the control group (n=2701) or the remote ischaemic conditioning group (n=2700). After exclusion of patients upon hospital arrival or loss to follow-up, 2569 patients in the control group and 2546 in the intervention group were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. At 12 months post-PPCI, the Kaplan-Meier-estimated frequencies of cardiac death or hospitalisation for heart failure (the primary endpoint) were 220 (8·6%) patients in the control group and 239 (9·4%) in the remote ischaemic conditioning group (hazard ratio 1·10 [95% CI 0·91-1·32], p=0·32 for intervention versus control). No important unexpected adverse events or side effects of remote ischaemic conditioning were observed. INTERPRETATION: Remote ischaemic conditioning does not improve clinical outcomes (cardiac death or hospitalisation for heart failure) at 12 months in patients with STEMI undergoing PPCI. FUNDING: British Heart Foundation, University College London Hospitals/University College London Biomedical Research Centre, Danish Innovation Foundation, Novo Nordisk Foundation, TrygFonden

A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased negative emotions and decreased positive emotions globally. Left unchecked, these emotional changes might have a wide array of adverse impacts. To reduce negative emotions and increase positive emotions, we tested the effectiveness of reappraisal, an emotion-regulation strategy that modifies how one thinks about a situation. Participants from 87 countries and regions (n = 21,644) were randomly assigned to one of two brief reappraisal interventions (reconstrual or repurposing) or one of two control conditions (active or passive). Results revealed that both reappraisal interventions (vesus both control conditions) consistently reduced negative emotions and increased positive emotions across different measures. Reconstrual and repurposing interventions had similar effects. Importantly, planned exploratory analyses indicated that reappraisal interventions did not reduce intentions to practice preventive health behaviours. The findings demonstrate the viability of creating scalable, low-cost interventions for use around the world

Efecto de la calabaza fermentada (Cucúrbita pepo) en los parámetros productivos y de salud en cerdos en preceba

There were used 30 pre-fattening pigs of Yorkshire x Landrace hybrid, 7 kg average weight, during 42 days, coinciding between 33 to 76 days of the pigs´ age, with the objective of replacing the 0 (control); 15 and 30% of the conventional feed for the fermented pumpkin, according to completely randomized design with three treatments and ten repetitions, each baby was considered as a repetition. The concentration of yeasts in the pumpkin fermentation was determined, where an apparent stability in the concentration of these microorganisms was observed 21 days after the fermented was elaborated, while in the pigs the final live weight (27.30, 28.00 and 27.50 kg), the average daily gain (483, 502 and 488 g / day), the consumption of dry matter (30.37, 30.38 and 30.33 kg) and the conversion of dry matter (1.50, 1.44 and 1.48 kg DM / kg PV respectively) did not present a significant difference between the treatments evaluated; however, in the control treatment, there were more animals with diarrhea and mortality reached 10%; while in treatments that included fermented pumpkin, the rate of diarrhea was minimal and deaths were nil. It is concluded that pumpkin fermentation did not affect the productive indicators of pre-fattening pigs, while reducing the occurrence of diarrhea and avoiding deaths in this technological category.Se utilizaron 30 cerdos en preceba del hibrido Yorkshire x Landrace, de peso promedio 7 kg, durante 42 días, coincidiendo entre los 33 a los 76 días de edad de los cerdos, con el objetivo de sustituir el 0 (control); 15 y 30 % del pienso convencional por el fermentado de calabaza, según diseño completamente aleatorizado con tres tratamientos y diez repeticiones, cada cría se consideró como una repetición. Se determinó la concentración de levaduras en el fermentado de calabaza donde se observó una estabilidad aparente en la concentración de estos microorganismos a los 21 días de elaborado el fermentado, mientras que en los cerdos el peso vivo final (27.30; 28.00 y 27.50 kg), la ganancia media diaria (483; 502 y 488 g/día), el consumo de materia seca (30.37; 30.38 y 30.33 kg) y la conversión de la materia seca (1.50; 1.44 y 1.48 kg MS/kg PV respectivamente); no presentaron diferencia significativa entre los tratamientos evaluados, sin embargo en el tratamiento control hubo mayor cantidad de animales con diarreas y la mortalidad alcanzó el 10 %; mientras que en los tratamientos que incluyeron fermentado de calabaza el índice de diarrea fue mínimo y las muertes nula. Se concluyó que el fermentado de calabaza no afectó los indicadores productivos de los cerdos en preceba, al tiempo que reduce las ocurrencias de diarreas y evita las muertes en esta categoría tecnológica

Study protocol for the multicentre cohorts of Zika virus infection in pregnant women, infants, and acute clinical cases in Latin America and the Caribbean: the ZIKAlliance consortium

Background: The European Commission (EC) Horizon 2020 (H2020)-funded ZIKAlliance Consortium designed a multicentre study including pregnant women (PW), children (CH) and natural history (NH) cohorts. Clinical sites were selected over a wide geographic range within Latin America and the Caribbean, taking into account the dynamic course of the ZIKV epidemic. Methods: Recruitment to the PW cohort will take place in antenatal care clinics. PW will be enrolled regardless of symptoms and followed over the course of pregnancy, approximately every 4 weeks. PW will be revisited at delivery (or after miscarriage/abortion) to assess birth outcomes, including microcephaly and other congenital abnormalities according to the evolving definition of congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). After birth, children will be followed for 2 years in the CH cohort. Follow-up visits are scheduled at ages 1-3, 4-6, 12, and 24 months to assess neurocognitive and developmental milestones. In addition, a NH cohort for the characterization of symptomatic rash/fever illness was designed, including follow-up to capture persisting health problems. Blood, urine, and other biological materials will be collected, and tested for ZIKV and other relevant arboviral diseases (dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever) using RT-PCR or serological methods. A virtual, decentralized biobank will be created. Reciprocal clinical monitoring has been established between partner sites. Substudies of ZIKV seroprevalence, transmission clustering, disabilities and health economics, viral kinetics, the potential role of antibody enhancement, and co-infections will be linked to the cohort studies. Discussion: Results of these large cohort studies will provide better risk estimates for birth defects and other developmental abnormalities associated with ZIKV infection including possible co-factors for the variability of risk estimates between other countries and regions. Additional outcomes include incidence and transmission estimates of ZIKV during and after pregnancy, characterization of short and long-term clinical course following infection and viral kinetics of ZIKV