Presencia, memoria y testimonio: algunos trazos históricos de la Facultad de Teología de la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana

La memoria histórica hace referencia a toda la trayectoria del hombre. Porlo tanto, no se queda en el fragmento del pasado, sino que, reteniendo loque aconteció, la mente lo asume y lo hace actual en el presente, para llevarloal futuro. En esa dirección hay que decir: la memoria no es simplementeuna intelección de hechos pasados para retenerlos y ordenarlos según causaefecto, y así trazarlos en una historiografía sobre la cual se pueda pasar lamirada resaltando los episodios. En esta visual la cuestión no es ir más alláde las causas y sus efectos; no aparece allí la inquietud por sacar una lecciónsobre el sentido de la vida o el respeto por la dignidad de la persona. Poreso, la atención debe dirigirse a los acontecimientos, que perduran, y no alos hechos, que pasan

Lithospheric folding by flexural slip in subduction zones as source for reverse fault intraslab earthquakes

Subduction requires the permanent generation of a bend fold in the subducting slab which mechanics is not well understood. Lithospheric bending of subducting slabs was traditionally considered to be accommodated by orthogonal flexure, generating extensional outer rise earthquakes responsible of the external arc elongation during folding. Here we explore the possibility of lithospheric flexure being accommodated through simple shear deformation parallel to the slab (folding by flexural slip) and evaluate this process as source of earthquakes. The seismicity predicted by flexural slip dominated slab bending explains a significant amount of intermediate earthquakes observed in subduction zones with different degrees of coupling. This mechanism predicts the generation of intraslab thrust earthquakes with fault planes subparallel to the slab top. Being the orientations of the fault planes the same for the interface thrust earthquakes and the flexural-slip intraslab earthquakes, the amount of seismic moment liberated by the interface could be significantly lower than considered before. This proposed seismic source should be taken into account in models and hazard studies of subduction zones. Determining the seismic generating processes in subduction zones and their characteristics is a fundamental issue for the correct assessment of the associated seismic and tsunami risk

Prevalence of positive prick test to anaesthetic drugs in the surgical population

Producción CientíficaPrevalence of patients with positive prick tests to anaesthetics occurred in 4.7% of the surgical populatio

Influencia del riego deficitario controlado durante tres temporadas sobre la productividad y composicion de bayas , cv Cabernet Sauvignon

Un estudio se realizó para determinar la influencia del riego deficitario controlado aplicado en post cuaja y post pinta durante las temporadas de desarrollo 2000-01, 2001-02, 2002-03, sobre la composición de bayas y la productividad de un viñedo perteneciente a la Viña San Pedro, en la localidad de Pencahue VII Región de Chile. El cultivar utilizado fue Cabernet Sauvignon de 8 años de edad, conducido en espaldera vertical simple, y regado por goteo, con goteros de 3,5 lt h-1. Los tratamientos de riego correspondieron al 40%, 70% y 100% de la evapotranspiracion real de la vid (ETreal) durante post cuaja y post pinta. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la aplicación de agua de un 40% durante post cuaja y 70% de ETreal durante post pinta redujo el rendimiento y aumento la composición fenolica de las bayas

The inflammatory response to colloids and crystalloids used for pump priming during cardiopulmonary bypass

Producción CientíficaBackground: Systemic inflammatory response frequently occurs after coronary artery bypass surgery and is strongly correlated with the risk of postoperative morbidity and mortality. This study tests the hypothesis that the priming of the extracorporeal circuit with colloid solutions results in less inflammation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery than priming with crystalloid solutions. Methods: A prospective, randomized studywas designed. Forty-four patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting were randomly allocated to one of two groups: 22 patients primed with Ringer’s lactate (RL) solution and 22 patients primed with gelatin-containing solution during the surgery. Plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, C-reactive protein (CRP) and, complement 4 were measured during the surgical intervention and over the following 48 postoperative hours. Cytokine levels were measured by enzyme-linked assays from plasma samples obtained at specific time points pre- and post-operatively. Results: In both groups the serum levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-a), CRP, complement 4, and leukocytes increased significantly over the baseline, although no significant differences were observed between the two groups. The operation time, blood loss, need for inotropic support, extubation time, and length of intensive care unit stay did not differ significantly between the two groups. Conclusion: Priming with gelatin vs. RL produces no significant differences in the inflammatory response in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass

Método Multi-Híbrido FEM-MoM-PO para el Análisis de Problemas de Dispersión y Radiación

A general fully coupled multi-hybrid method in three dimensions (3D) combining the Finite Element Method (FEM), the Method of Moments (MoM), and a high frequency asymptotic technique, Physical Optics (PO), is presented. Complex radiating structures are analyzed with FEM (which easily handles complex geometries, permeable materials, anisotropy, and so on) while small and medium size perfect electric conductor (PEC) objects are rigorously analyzed using MoM; large PEC objects can be efficiently analyzed with PO. Furthermore, different regions of the same object can be modeled with MoM and PO. That provides the possibility, for instance, of taking into account the edge effects of PEC objects without the need of introducing artificial line currents at the edges, as the Physical Theory of Diffraction (PTD) does. Several numerical results are presented showing the validity of the method

Betaine increases net portal absorption of volatile fatty acids in Iberian pigs

[EN] Betaine is an osmolyte with the potential to increase volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production and hence improve intestinal health.The present study investigated how betaine affects portal and arterial concentrations and net portal absorption (NPA) of VFA in growing Iberian pigs. Eight 30 kg BW Iberian growing barrows with indwelling catheters in portal vein, ileal vein and carotid artery were randomly assigned to a control diet or a diet supplemented with 0.5% betaine. Para-aminohippuric acid was infused into the ileal vein as a marker to determine portal blood flow using the dilution method. Blood samples were simultaneously taken from the carotid artery and portal vein at −60, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300 and 360 min after feeding 1 200 g of the diet. The NPA of VFA (acetate, propionate, butyrate, valerate, isobutyrate and caproate) was determined by multiplying the porto-arterial plasma concentration differences by portal plasma flow. Betaine increased NPA of acetate (1.44 fold; P < 0.001) and total VFA (0.55 fold; P < 0.001) while decreased NPA of propionate (−0.38 fold; P < 0.05) and valerate (−1.46 fold; P < 0.05) compared with control pigs. Estimated heat production potentially derived from NPA of VFA accounted for 0.20–0.27 of metabolizable energy for maintenance. Acetate and propionate accounted for most of the total VFA estimated heat production (0.83–0.89). Regarding bacterial communities, betaine apparently did not change the DNA abundance of fecal total bacteria, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterobacteriaceae, Bacteroides and the Clostridium clusters I, IV and XIV. In conclusion, betaine increased portal appearance and NPA of VFA, contributing to cover maintenance energy requirementsSIThis research was supported by grant AGL2016-80231-R from Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Spain. M. Gómez-García was supported by grant LE131-18 from Junta de Castilla y León co-financed by the European Social Fun

A Q-Method Approach to Perceptions of Professional Reasoning in Occupational Therapy Undergraduates

[Abstract] Background. Professional reasoning provides a firm basis for the development of teaching and assessment strategies to support the acquisition of skills by healthcare students. Nevertheless, occupational therapy educators should use diverse methods of learning assessment to examine student learning outcomes more fully with an evaluation that supports the overall complexity of the process, particularly learners’ subjective experience. The aim of this article is to identify the range of perspectives among occupational therapy undergraduates regarding terms or concepts that are key for improving their professional reasoning. Methods. Q-methodology was used to address the aim of the study. A concourse relating to a series of ideas, phrases, terminology, and concepts associated with various studies on professional reasoning in occupational therapy, specifically on students in this field, was generated. The terms that had the clearest evidence, the most relevance or the greatest number of citations in the literature were collected (n = 37). The P-set was assembled by non-probabilistic sampling for convenience. It comprised undergraduate university students in occupational therapy. Factor analysis was conducted using Ken-Q Analysis v.1.0.6, reducing the number of Q-sets to smaller groups of factors representing a common perspective. Results. Through statistical analysis of the Q-sorts of 37 occupational therapy students, 8 default factors were identified. The four factors in accordance with the selection criteria were rotated by varimax rotation to identify variables that could be grouped together. Each viewpoint was interpreted, discussed and liked to different aspects of professional reasoning in occupational therapy. Conclusions. The observed perceptions were linked to the various aspects of professional reasoning that have been widely discussed in the occupational therapy literature. For most of the students, there was a strong correspondence between the narrative, interactive and conditional aspects of the various components

Impact of ventilator-associated pneumonia on mortality and epidemiological features of patients with secondary peritonitis

Producción CientíficaBackground: Despite the significant impact of nosocomial infections on the morbidity and mortality of patients staying in the intensive care unit (ICU), no study over the past 20 years has focused specifically on VAP following secondary peritonitis. The objective of the present study was to determine in-hospital mortality and epidemiological features attributed to ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) following secondary peritonitis. Methods: Prospective observational study involved 418 consecutive patients admitted in the ICU. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors associated with mortality and development of VAP. Results: The incidence of VAP following secondary peritonitis was 9.6 %. Risk factors associated with the development of VAP were hospital-acquired peritonitis, requiring >48 h of mechanical ventilation, and SOFA score. The onset of VAP was late in majority of patients. VAP was developed about 16.8 days after the initiation of the peritonitis. Etiological microorganisms responsible for the peritonitis were different than for VAP. The 90-day in-hospital mortality rate was 47.5 % of VAP patients. Independent factors associated with 30- to 90-day in-hospital mortality were VAP and SOFA. Conclusions: In light of the impact on morbidity and mortality in the ICU, more attention should be given to the concurrent features among VAP and secondary peritonitis.Junta de Castilla y León (grant (GRS773/A/13)Instituto de Salud Carlos III (grant PI15/01451