Sliding-mode neuro-controller for uncertain systems

In this paper, a method that allows for the merger of the good features of sliding-mode control and neural network (NN) design is presented. Design is performed by applying an NN to minimize the cost function that is selected to depend on the distance from the sliding-mode manifold, thus providing that the NN controller enforces sliding-mode motion in a closed-loop system. It has been proven that the selected cost function has no local minima in controller parameter space, so under certain conditions, selection of the NN weights guarantees that the global minimum is reached, and then the sliding-mode conditions are satisfied; thus, closed-loop motion is robust against parameter changes and disturbances. For controller design, the system states and the nominal value of the control input matrix are used. The design for both multiple-input-multiple-output and single-input-single-output systems is discussed. Due to the structure of the (M)ADALINE network used in control calculation, the proposed algorithm can also be interpreted as a sliding-mode-based control parameter adaptation scheme. The controller performance is verified by experimental results

Control of an IPMC soft actuator using adaptive full-order recursive terminal sliding mode

The ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) actuator is a kind of soft actuator that can work for underwater applications. However, IPMC actuator control suffers from high nonlinearity due to the existence of inherent creep and hysteresis phenomena. Furthermore, for underwater applications, they are highly exposed to parametric uncertainties and external disturbances due to the inherent characteristics and working environment. Those factors significantly affect the positioning accuracy and reliability of IPMC actuators. Hence, feedback control techniques are vital in the control of IPMC actuators for suppressing the system uncertainty and external disturbance. In this paper, for the first time an adaptive full-order recursive terminal sliding-mode (AFORTSM) controller is proposed for the IPMC actuator to enhance the positioning accuracy and robustness against parametric uncertainties and external disturbances. The proposed controller incorporates an adaptive algorithm with terminal sliding mode method to release the need for any prerequisite bound of the disturbance. In addition, stability analysis proves that it can guarantee the tracking error to converge to zero in finite time in the presence of uncertainty and disturbance. Experiments are carried out on the IPMC actuator to verify the practical effectiveness of the AFORTSM controller in comparison with a conventional nonsingular terminal sliding mode (NTSM) controller in terms of smaller tracking error and faster disturbance rejection

H∞ control for networked systems with random communication delays

Copyright [2006] IEEE. This material is posted here with permission of the IEEE. Such permission of the IEEE does not in any way imply IEEE endorsement of any of Brunel University's products or services. Internal or personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution must be obtained from the IEEE by writing to [email protected]. By choosing to view this document, you agree to all provisions of the copyright laws protecting it.This note is concerned with a new controller design problem for networked systems with random communication delays. Two kinds of random delays are simultaneously considered: i) from the controller to the plant, and ii) from the sensor to the controller, via a limited bandwidth communication channel. The random delays are modeled as a linear function of the stochastic variable satisfying Bernoulli random binary distribution. The observer-based controller is designed to exponentially stabilize the networked system in the sense of mean square, and also achieve the prescribed H∞ disturbance attenuation level. The addressed controller design problem is transformed to an auxiliary convex optimization problem, which can be solved by a linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach. An illustrative example is provided to show the applicability of the proposed method

Special class of positive definite functions for formulating adaptive micro/nano manipulator control

This paper presents a special class of positive definite functions for the formulation of adaptive control strategies, specifically in the research of an effective control algorithm for piezoelectric actuation systems in micro/nano manipulation. To deal with the control problems of unknown system parameters, nonlinear hysteresis effects, and disturbances in the piezoelectric actuation systems, an adaptive control methodology is proposed. Using the saturation function derived from a positive definite function to formulate the control methodology, the closed-loop system stability can be guaranteed. Furthermore, the control methodology is proposed to track a desired motion trajectory in position, velocity, and acceleration. In this paper, a special positive definite function is introduced and a control formulation as well as a stability analysis is detailed. Implementation of the control methodology is practical and requires only a knowledge of the initial estimate of the system parameters. In this study, control experiments conducted using the proposed control approach on a piezoelectric actuation system has demonstrated a promising ability in tracking a specified motion trajectory. With this control capability in the presence of unknown system parameters, hysteresis, and external disturbance, the adaptive methodology is very attractive in the field of micro/nano manipulation in which high performance control applications could be realised

Modeling and Control of Piezoelectric Actuators

Piezoelectric actuators (PEAs) utilize the inverse piezoelectric effect to generate fine displacement with a resolution down to sub-nanometers and as such, they have been widely used in various micro- and nanopositioning applications. However, the modeling and control of PEAs have proven to be challenging tasks. The main difficulties lie in the existence of various nonlinear or difficult-to-model effects in PEAs, such as hysteresis, creep, and distributive vibration dynamics. Such effects can seriously degrade the PEA tracking control performances or even lead to instability. This raises a great need to model and control PEAs for improved performance. This research is aimed at developing novel models for PEAs and on this basis, developing model-based control schemes for the PEA tracking control taking into account the aforementioned nonlinear effects. In the first part of this research, a model of a PEA for the effects of hysteresis, creep, and vibration dynamics was developed. Notably, the widely-used Preisach hysteresis model cannot represent the one-sided hysteresis of PEAs. To overcome this shortcoming, a rate-independent hysteresis model based on a novel hysteresis operator modified from the Preisach hysteresis operator was developed, which was then integrated with the models of creep and vibration dynamics to form a comprehensive model for PEAs. For its validation, experiments were carried out on a commercially-available PEA and the results obtained agreed with those from model simulations. By taking into account the linear dynamics and hysteretic behavior of the PEA as well as the presliding friction between the moveable platform and the end-effector, a model of the piezoelectric-driven stick-slip (PDSS) actuator was also developed in the first part of the research. The effectiveness of the developed model was illustrated by the experiments on the PDSS actuator prototyped in the author's lab. In the second part of the research, control schemes were developed based on the aforementioned PEA models for tracking control of PEAs. Firstly, a novel PID-based sliding mode (PIDSM) controller was developed. The rational behind the use of a sliding mode (SM) control is that the SM control can effectively suppress the effects of matched uncertainties, while the PEA hysteresis, creep, and external load can be represented by a lumped matched uncertainty based on the developed model. To solve the chattering and steady-state problems, associated with the ideal SM control and the SM control with boundary layer (SMCBL), the novel PIDSM control developed in the present study replaces the switching control term in the ideal SM control schemes with a PID regulator. Experiments were carried out on a commercially-available PEA and the results obtained illustrate the effectiveness of the PIDSM controller, and its superiorities over other schemes of PID control, ideal SM control, and the SMCBL in terms of steady state error elimination, chattering suppression, and tracking error suppression. Secondly, a PIDSM observer was also developed based on the model of PEAs to provide the PIDSM controller with state estimates of the PEA. And the PIDSM controller and the PIDSM observer were combined to form an integrated control scheme (PIDSM observer-controller or PIDSMOC) for PEAs. The effectiveness of the PIDSM observer and the PIDSMOC were also validated experimentally. The superiority of the PIDSMOC over the PIDSM controller with σ-β filter control scheme was also analyzed and demonstrated experimentally. The significance of this research lies in the development of novel models for PEAs and PDSS actuators, which can be of great help in the design and control of such actuators. Also, the development of the PIDSM controller, the PIDSM observer, and their integrated form, i.e., PIDSMOC, enables the improved performance of tracking control of PEAs with the presence of various nonlinear or difficult-to-model effects

Sinteza H-beskonačno regulatora s unaprijednom granom za kompenzaciju histereze kod piezoelektričnih aktuatora

Piezoelectric actuators, widely used in different micro/nanopositioning applications, generally exhibit nonlinear hysteresis characteristics. The compensation of hysteretic behavior of piezoelectric actuators is mandatory for precise micro/nanopositioning. In this paper, nonlinear hysteresis effect is first characterized using the Prandtl-Ishlinskii hysteresis model. The inverse of the Prandtl-Ishlinskii hysteresis model is employed as a feed-forward controller to compensate for hysteresis nonlinearities of the piezoelectric actuator. Slight hysteresis nonlinearity is still observed in the experimental results due to small mismatch between the identified hysteresis model and the measured hysteresis loop. To further enhance the performance of the piezoelectric actuator in terms of mitigation of hysteresis nonlinearity and precise reference tracking, advanced robust full-order as well as fixed-order H-infinity feedback controllers are designed and applied to this actuator in the presence of feed-forward compensator. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme in achieving the improved tracking performance with peak-to-peak tracking error of less than 1% for the desired displacement of 12 um with tracking frequency of 10 Hz.Piezoelektrični aktuatori, rasprostranjeni u različitim primjenama mikro/nanopozicioniranja, općenito su izloženi nelinearnim histereznim karakteristikama. Kompenzacija histereznog ponašanja piezoelektričnih aktuatora nužna je za precizno mikro/nanopozicioniranje. Inverzni Prandtl-Ishlinskii histerezni model korišten je za unaprijednu kompenzaciju histereznih nelinearnosti piezoelektričnog aktuatora. Neznatna histerezna nelinearnost još uvijek je vidljiva u eksperimentalnim rezultatima zbog malog neslaganja između identificiranog histereznog modela i mjerene histerezne petlje. Za daljnje poboljšanje performansi piezoelektričnog aktuatora u smislu smanjenja histerezne nelinearnosti i preciznog slijeđenja reference, napredni robusni H-beskonačno regulatori punog i određenog reda sintetizirani su i primijenjeni na ovaj aktuator uz prisutnost unaprijednog kompenzatora. Eksperimentalni rezultati potvrđuju efektivnost predložene upravljačke strukture u postizanju poboljšanih performansi slijeđenja, uz vršnu vrijednost pogreške manju od 1% za ciljani pomak od 12 um s frekvencijom slijeđenja od 10 Hz

Robust fractional-order fast terminal sliding mode control with fixed-time reaching law for high-performance nanopositioning

Open Access via the Wiley Agreement ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work is supported by the China Scholarship Council under Grant No. 201908410107 and by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 51505133. The authors also thank the anonymous reviewers for their insightful and constructive comments.Peer reviewedPublisher PD