Konzeption und Einsatz wissensbasierter Systeme als ergänzende Systeme in der Fertigung

Approaches are presented in this work, which contribute to the development of knowledge-based systems, firstly, to assess and improve the quality of production, secondly, to determine the parameters of a control process. These approaches can be classified as a further development of the research in the field of artificial intelligence.The first system controls the evaluation of the quality within a production process using a camera. The colors in the image will be segmented with the help of an image processing tool (black and white or color image). Each segment corresponds to an object or sub-object in the data set (film). The properties of the objects are presented in an object-matrix. These properties characterise quality, which will be evaluated later.The system requires knowledge of the existing objects in order to assign a meaning to these objects in the evaluation process. This knowledge is provided in the form of rules. If knowledge-based systems consist only of rules, they are called "rule-based systems" (Rajendra & Priti, 2010).Since in this work only rules are used, the concepts of knowledge-based system, rule-based system and expert system are synonymous. The strategy of evaluation is based on these rules (rule base) in the following steps:• Filtering of objects• Splitting of connected objects • Cleanup of properties of object• Determination of the number of existing objectsIn this way objects are located and prepared for the evaluation-phase. A reference quality was determined by asking experts. Based on these expert data, the rule-based system evaluates the quality of the objects by comparison with the reference quality and proposes a plan of correction to improve quality.The quality of the production is assessed through the combination of image processing and knowledge-based system. The knowledge-based system is suitable for the use in such existing production systems in which the evaluation of quality is possible. For this purpose, only a new appropriate evaluation strategy (rule interpreter) is required. The performance of the developed system is shown in the first example in the field of quality management. The rule-based system may also be used to determine the parameters of a control process, to improve the quality of productions.First, the parameters of a control process can be measured by several tests. Then, the knowledge of this process is illustrated in rules by machine learning. There are important parameters of a process established to create a predictive system for that. These rule-based system inverse functions for these parameters are implemented.The performance of the developed inverse functions is tested in the second example in this thesis.

Ein wissensbasiertes System zur automatischen Extraktion von semantischen Informationen aus digitalen Fernerkundungsdaten

[no abstract

Оценка качества алгоритмов оконтуривания объектов на изображениях, аппроксимированных однородными марковскими полями

Предложен обобщенный критерий для оценки качества контурных рисунков объектов на изображениях. Эффективность критерия показана на примере сравнения трёх алгоритмов ("Canny", "Marra" и "Shena") оконтуривания. При этом тестируемые изображения являлись смесью двумерного одноуровневого марковского поля и аддитивного шума с нормальным законом распределения

Wissensbasierte Mustererkennung zur Erfassung von Bauplänen

Due to technological progress and European standardization (e.g. ISO certification) there is an increasing demand to automate the digital recording of building plans. Currently there are two approaches available: (1) labour-intensive redrawing with digitizing tablets or by screen digitizing, (2) automatic scanning and vectorizing where vectorization generally demands an interactive follow-up treatment due to incomplete or ambigues results. This paper proposes a knowledge-based approach for building plan analysis. The procedure reveals the following processing steps: scanning of the building plan, enhancing the image quality and binarization, extraction of lines, line junctions and character fields, knowledge-based interpretation and grouping of image features to domain specific feature aggregates like door symbols, stair symbols etc., optical character recognition and lexicon-based interpretation of character fields, matching of feature aggregates with dimension sets. First results of a prototype implementation are presented. At last an extension of the approach towards a semantic modeling concept showing a coupling between 3D object modeling and an explict 2D modeling of images and technical drawings is presente

Konzepte zur Auslegung von Echtzeit-Bildverarbeitungssystemen für die Qualitätssicherung am Beispiel der Inspektion von Texturen

Bildverarbeitungssysteme werden in zunehmendem Maße für Aufgaben der Automatisierungstechnik und im besonderen in der Qualitätssicherung erfolgreich eingesetzt. Zur Lösung komplexer oder zeitkritischer Erkennungsaufgaben, wie z.B. in der Oberflächeninspektion und Texturanalyse, ist der Einsatz rechenintensiver Algorithmik erforderlich, so daß eine Softwarerealisierung nicht oder nur in speziellen Fällen möglich ist. Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt Ansatzpunkte und Methoden zur Auslegung von Softwaresystemen zur Qualitätssicherung in Echtzeit am Beispiel der Inspektion texturierter Oberflächen auf Es werden merkmalsbasierte Verfahren diskutiert, wobei die ganzheitliche und zielorientierte Berücksichtigung aller Verfahrensschritte wesentlich ist. Zur Unterstützung des Designs von Bildverarbeitungslösungen werden automatische Verfahren der Systemkonfigurierung vorgestellt

Алгоритмы и методы обработки информации в задачах трехмерного сканирования объектов

Предложены методы обработки изображений, полученных методом трехмерного сканирования. Подробно рассмотрен алгоритм совмещения отдельных сканируемых поверхностей изделия. Разработана методика формирования модели изделия в формате стереолитографии на основе первичной информации трехмерного сканера и математических методов обработки трехмерной графики. Приведены результаты апробации алгоритма построчного сканирования, использующего z-буфер применительно к задачам очистки сканированного трехмерного изображения